Cell Engineering: ApoptosisMohamed Al-Rubeai, Martin Fussenegger The suppression of apoptosis by the IGF system is critical for normal cell development, proliferation, differentiation and motility. Aberrations in IGF signalling mechanisms contribute to cell transformation, tumour progression and metastasis. Many questions remain to be answered as to how exactly the IGF system mediates its effects both in normal and tumour cells and how the IGF-1R interacting proteins and downstream signalling cascades are regulated. The importance of the IGF system is underscored by the significant interest in the development of anti-IGF therapies for IGF sensitive cancers. Future developments in cancer therapy are likely to focus on methods to target these therapies to diseased but not normal cells. 14. Acknowledgements We would like to thank Kurt Tidmore for preparing the illustrations. The Health Research Board of Ireland and Science Foundation Ireland are grateful acknowledged for funding. 15. References Adamo M., Roberts C. T., Jr. and LeRoith D. (1992) How distinct are the insulin and insul- like growth factor I signalling systems? Biofactors 3, 151-7. Adams T. E., Epa V. C., Garrett T. P. and Ward C. W. (2000) Structure and function of the type 1 insulin-like growth factor receptor. Cell Mol Life Sci 57, 1050-93. Adler V., Polotskaya A., Wagner F. and Kraft A. S. (1992) Affinity-purified c-Jun ami- terminal protein kinase requires serine/threonine phosphorylation for activity. J Biol Chem 267, 17001-5. |
Contents
CASPASE REGULATION AT THE MOLECULAR LEVEL | 1 |
THE BCL2 FAMILY | 25 |
THE IGF1 RECEPTOR IN CELL SURVIVAL SIGNALLING AND REGULATION | 49 |
APOPTOSIS IN HEPATOCYTES | 93 |
PROGRAMMED CELL DEATH IN PLANTS DURING DEVELOPMENT AND STRESS RESPONSES | 107 |
A SYSTEMS VIEW OF CELL DEATH | 153 |
THE ROLE OF CASPASES IN APOPTOSIS AND THEIR INHIBITION IN MAMMALIAN CELL CULTURE | 181 |
IMPROVEMENT OF INDUSTRIAL CELL CULTURE PROCESSES BY CASPASE9 DOMINANT NEGATIVE AND OTHER APOPTOTIC INHIBI... | 211 |
THERAPEUTIC SMALL MOLECULE INHIBITORS OF BCL2 | 223 |
APOPTOSIS CONTROL BASED ON DOWNREGULATING THE INHIBITOROFAPOPTOSIS IAP PROTEINS XIAP ANTISENSE AND OTHER A... | 239 |
MONITORING OF APOPTOSIS | 281 |
MOLECULAR IMAGING OF PROGRAMMED CELL DEATH FROM BASIC MECHANISMS TO CLINICAL APPLICATIONS | 307 |
| 329 | |
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acid Al-Rubeai analysis Annexin A5 anti-apoptotic antisense apoptosome apoptotic apoptotic cells Arabidopsis assay baculovirus Baserga Bcl-xL binding Biochem Biol Chem Biotechnol cancer cells Cancer Res caspase activation caspase-3 Cell Biol cell culture cell cycle cell lines cell survival cellular cleavage clones complex CrmA cytochrome death receptor Dixit DNA fragmentation domain effector elegans enzyme executioner caspase expression fluorescence function gene hepatocytes homologue human hybridoma IGF-1 receptor IGF-IR induce apoptosis inhibition inhibitor of apoptosis insulin insulin receptor insulin-like growth factor interaction ligand mammalian cells mediated membrane metabolic mice mitochondrial molecular molecules mRNA mutant Natl Acad Sci necrosis oligonucleotides Oncogene overexpression pathogens phosphorylation Plant Cell pro-apoptotic Proc Natl Acad production programmed cell death protease protein kinase RACK1 regulation resistance response RNAi role Salvesen sequence signaling pathways structure substrate subunit survivin target tissue transfection tumor tyrosine vitro vivo Wang XIAP Zhang
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Page 325 - Wyllie, AH and Currie, AR (1972). Apoptosis: a basic biological phenomenon with wide-ranging implications in tissue kinetics.