Blends of Natural Rubber: Novel Techniques for Blending with Specialty Polymers

Front Cover
Springer Science & Business Media, Dec 31, 1997 - Technology & Engineering - 256 pages
Blends of natural rubber with speciality synthetic rubbers, such as nitrile rubber and ethylene propylene rubbers, have, in the past, failed to combine the best properties of polymers, resulting in a poor return in terms of added value from the blending process. The idea of blending synthetic rubbers with natural rubbe is certainly not a new one, but it is only now that this can be shown to be possible with consistently positive resluts, but eh use of novel techniques which this book describes, giving valuable information on the technology required and the results which can be achieved. Blends of Natural Rubber is an invaluable source of information for all those working in the area of rubber technology and polymer blend technology.
 

Selected pages

Contents

Introduction the book and rubber blends
1
11 SOURCES OF PROBLEMS AND SOLUTIONS
2
I
6
Measurement of crosslink density in vulcanized blends
8
21 SWOLLENSTATE NMR SPECTROSCOPY
9
22 NETWORK VISUALIZATION MICROSCOPY
17
23 REFERENCES
19
Characterization of vulcanized blends by microscopy
21
105 DYNAMISTATIC MODULUS RATIOS
136
106 TRIBLENDS
137
108 REFERENCES
138
Partition coefficients for an ester plasticizer in blackfilled blends
141
112 IDENTIFICATION OF EXUDING PLASTICIZER
142
114 CONCLUSION
146
115 REFERENCES
147
Improving resistance to low temperature crystallization in NRENR25 blends
148

32 LIGHT MICROSCOPY
22
33 SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY
24
34 CHEMICAL STAINING
26
35 CHEMICAL ETCHING
27
36 TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY
28
37 SEMBASED SCANNING TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY
32
38 CONCLUSION
36
39 REFERENCES
38
Estimation of crosslink density by solidstate NMR spectroscopy
40
42 EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURES
41
44 NMR SPECTRA OF OTHER RUBBERS
45
45 CONCLUSION
51
46 REFERENCES
52
NRNBR blends basic problems and solutions
53
52 NRNBR41
54
53 NRNBR 34 BLENDS
65
54 CONCLUSION
66
55 REFERENCES
67
Improving the morphology and properties of NRNBR blends with NRPMMA graft copolymers
68
62 METHODS OF BLENDING
69
63 PHASE MORPHOLOGY
70
64 PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
72
65 CROSSLINKING DENSITY DISTRIBUTION IN THE BLENDS
77
66 CONCLUSIONS
78
Improving the morphology and properties of NRNBR blends with polychloroprene as the compatibilizing agent
80
72 CURE SYSTEMS FOR NRCRNBR BLENDS
81
73 PHASE MORPHOLOGY OF NRCRNBR BLENDS
86
74 CONCLUSIONS
91
75 REFERENCES
93
NRNBR blends compounding for food contact applications
94
82 FORMULATIONS FOR MILKING INFLATIONS TO MEET FDA REGULATIONS
96
83 FORMULATIONS FOR MILKING INFLATIONS TO MEET BGA REGULATIONS
103
84 CONCLUSION
104
85 REFERENCES
105
Novel natural rubberethylene propylene copolymer EPM blends
106
92 DYNAMIC VULCANIZATION
107
93 SELECTION OF DYNAMIC CURE SYSTEM
109
94 DYNAMIC VULCANIZATION OF NREPM BLENDS
110
95 THE SANDWICH MIX CYCLE
115
96 PROCESSING BEHAVIOUR
117
97 VULCANIZATION OF DV BLENDS
119
98 RESISTANCE TO ENVIRONMENTAL DAMAGE
121
99 PREFERRED FORMULATION
123
910 CONCLUSION
126
911 REFERENCES
127
Natural rubberENR25 blends
128
102 DESIGNED EXPERIMENTS
129
103 PLASTICIZER INVESTIGATIONS
133
104 CURE SYSTEMS
135
122 EFFECT OF INCORPORATING HVBR INTO NRENR25 BLENDS
149
123 CURATIVE LEVEL OPTIMIZATION
153
124 CONCLUSIONS
157
Compounding NRENR25 and NRHvBRENR25 blends for engineering applications
158
132 OPTIMIZING PLASTICIZER LEVEL AND MASTERBATCH RATIO
159
133 MIXING TRIALS
161
134 SINGLESTAGE MIXING FOR CROSSBLENDING AND FINALIZING
164
135 NRHvBRENR25 BLENDS
165
136 INJECTION MOULDING
166
137 CONCLUSIONS
167
138 REFERENCES
168
Solutions to the basic problems of poor physical properties of NREPDM blends
169
142 APPROACHES TO IMPROVING NREPDM BLEND PROPERTIES
170
143 MIXING PROCEDURES
173
145 EFFECT OF EPDM MODIFICATION ON PHASE MORPHOLOGY
176
146 INTERACTION OF MODIFIED EPDM AND CARBON BLACK
177
148 HIGH TEMPERATURE CURING EFFECTS
178
149 MODIFICATION OF DIFFERENT EPDM GRADES
181
1411 REFERENCES
182
Compounding NREPDM blends for tyre sidewalls
184
152 PROPERTIES OF COMPARABLE NRBR AND NREPDM BLEND FORMULATIONS
186
153 DEVELOPMENT OF A NREPDM SIDEWALL FORMULATION
188
154 EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN APPROACH
189
155 CRACK GROWTH TESTING
193
156 LARGESCALE FACTORY MIXING TRIALS
197
157 COMPOUND EXTRUSION AND TYRE BUILDING
198
158 INITIAL TYRE TESTS
199
159 ANALYSIS OF INITIAL TYRE TESTING
203
1510 SECOND FACTORY TYRE BUILDING AND TESTING TRIALS
204
1511 OZONE AND ATMOSPHERIC WEATHERING TESTS
207
1513 REFERENCES
208
Compounding NREPDM blends for lightcoloured applications
209
162 GENERAL EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURES
210
163 PREPARATION OF BLEND COMPOUNDS
211
164 COMPARISON OF PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
214
165 FORMULATION DEVELOPMENT
215
166 WEATHERING AND OZONE TESTING
218
167 CONCLUSION
219
NREPDM blends for extruded profile weatherstrip
221
172 GENERAL EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURES
224
173 INITIAL PREPARATION AND ASSESSMENT OF BLEND COMPOUNDS
225
174 SMALLSCALE EXTRUSION TRIALS
230
175 FORMULATION DEVELOPMENT AND PROCESSING
235
176 CONCLUSION
240
177 REFERENCES
241
Glossary
243
Index
246
Copyright

Other editions - View all

Blends of Natural Rubber: Novel Techniques for Blending with Specialty Polymers
K.C. Jones,Andrew Tinker
Limited preview - 2012
Blends of Natural Rubber: Novel Techniques for Blending with Specialty Polymers
K.C. Jones,Andrew Tinker
No preview available - 2012
Blends of Natural Rubber: Novel Techniques for Blending with Specialty Polymers
K.C. Jones,Andrew Tinker
No preview available - 2012

Common terms and phrases

acrylonitrile Banbury BAPD black-filled blend vulcanizates Blends of Natural carbon black CBS/TBTD Chemistry and Technology compatibilizer compression set control compound cross-blended Crosslink density distributions crosslink distribution cure system Diolpate DTDC DV blends dynamic vulcanization effect elastomers electron ENR-25 phase EPDM blends EPDM control EPDM grades EPDM masterbatch EPDM modification EPDM phase extrudate Figure filler formulation gum blend gum vulcanizates high damping Hv-BR improved increase injection moulding interfacial internal mixer IRHD Loss angle masterbatch micrograph microscopy milking inflations mix cycle modified EPDM modulus mol/m³ MRPRA N/mm natural rubber NBR phase NMR spectroscopy NR/EPDM blends NR/NBR blends osmium tetroxide overall ozone resistance peroxide phase morphology phase sizes physical crosslink density physical properties plasticizer polymer ratio reduced rheometer Rubber Chemistry sidewall compound Stearic acid strain sulphur donors swelling swollen-state TBBS tear strength technique temperature tensile strength TMTD torque Tun Abdul Razak tyre whilst Zinc oxide

Bibliographic information

TitleBlends of Natural Rubber: Novel Techniques for Blending with Specialty Polymers
AuthorsK.C. Jones, Andrew Tinker
Editionillustrated
PublisherSpringer Science & Business Media, 1997
ISBN0412819406, 9780412819407
Length256 pages
Subjects ›  › 

Science / Chemistry / Organic
Technology & Engineering / Manufacturing
Technology & Engineering / Materials Science
Technology & Engineering / Textiles & Polymers
  
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