Introducing Sociolinguistics |
Contents
1 Introduction | 1 |
2 Variation and language | 8 |
3 Variation and style | 27 |
4 Language attitudes | 54 |
5 Being polite as a variable in speech | 81 |
6 Multilingualism and language choice | 102 |
7 Real time and apparent time | 127 |
8 Social class | 155 |
10 Gender | 201 |
11 Language contact | 238 |
12 Looking back and looking ahead | 265 |
Notes on the exercises | 271 |
Glossary | 286 |
298 | |
312 | |
9 Social networks and communities of practice | 184 |
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Common terms and phrases
accommodation addressee addressee’s analysis associated attitudes attunement audience design behaviour Bislama centralisation change in progress Chapter code switching communities of practice Connections with theory constraints context conversation creole cross-over effect dialectology different social diglossia discourse discussed example Figure forms frequency functions generalisations glottal stops groups of speakers Hawai’i identify important individual’s individuals innovative interaction interlocutors kind Labov language and gender language contact language variation Linguistic relativism linguistic variation look marker Martha’s Vineyard means middle-class negative concord negative face wants non-standard norms patterns people’s perceive person Pidgin politeness strategies prestige pronoun pronunciation Rapa Nui realised regional relationship Sankoff Sasak semantic sentences shows social class social dialect social groups social networks sociolinguistic speaking speech community speech levels speech styles standard stratification style-shifting suggested talking Tok Pisin Trudgill Vanuatu variable variants variation and change varieties of English verb vernacular vowel women words