Butterflies: Ecology and Evolution Taking Flight

Front Cover
Carol L. Boggs, Ward B. Watt, Paul R. Ehrlich
University of Chicago Press, 2003 - Nature - 739 pages
In Butterflies: Ecology and Evolution Taking Flight, the world's leading experts synthesize current knowledge of butterflies to show how the study of these fascinating creatures as model systems can lead to deeper understanding of ecological and evolutionary patterns and processes in general. The twenty-six chapters are organized into broad functional areas, covering the uses of butterflies in the study of behavior, ecology, genetics and evolution, systematics, and conservation biology. Especially in the context of the current biodiversity crisis, this book shows how results found with butterflies can help us understand large, rapid changes in the world we share with them—for example, geographic distributions of some butterflies have begun to shift in response to global warming, giving early evidence of climate change that scientists, politicians, and citizens alike should heed.

The first international synthesis of butterfly biology in two decades, Butterflies: Ecology and Evolution Taking Flight offers students, scientists, and amateur naturalists a concise overview of the latest developments in the field. Furthermore, it articulates an exciting new perspective of the whole group of approximately 15,000 species of butterflies as a comprehensive model system for all the sciences concerned with biodiversity and its preservation.

Contributors:
Carol L. Boggs, Paul M. Brakefield, Adriana D. Briscoe, Dana L. Campbell, Elizabeth E. Crone, Mark Deering, Henri Descimon, Erika I. Deinert, Paul R. Ehrlich, John P. Fay, Richard ffrench-Constant, Sherri Fownes, Lawrence E. Gilbert, André Gilles, Ilkka Hanski, Jane K. Hill, Brian Huntley, Niklas Janz, Greg Kareofelas, Nusha Keyghobadi, P. Bernhard Koch, Claire Kremen, David C. Lees, Jean-François Martin, Antónia Monteiro, Paulo César Motta, Camille Parmesan, William D. Patterson, Naomi E. Pierce, Robert A. Raguso, Charles Lee Remington, Jens Roland, Ronald L. Rutowski, Cheryl B. Schultz, J. Mark Scriber, Arthur M. Shapiro, Michael C. Singer, Felix Sperling, Curtis Strobeck, Aram Stump, Chris D. Thomas, Richard VanBuskirk, Hans Van Dyck, Richard I. Vane-Wright, Ward B. Watt, Christer Wiklund, and Mark A. Willis
 

Contents

Behavior
7
Visual Ecology of Adult Butterflies
9
Molecular and Physiological Diversity of Visual
27
Hawkmoth Pollination in Arizonas Sonoran
43
Sexual Selection and the Evolution
67
Mate Location and Competition for Mates
91
Ecology
109
Seasonality as a Property
111
A Matter of Design? Adaptive
353
Hybrid Zone Ecology and Tiger Swallowtail
367
Systematics and Species Diversification
393
Phylogenetic Relationships of Ithomiinae based
409
From Species
431
The Case
459
Evidence and Identity in Butterfly Systematics
477
Conservation and Biodiversity
515

Modeling Present and Potential Future Ranges
149
Examining
169
Environmental Variation Life Histories
185
Spatial and Temporal Patterns of Checkerspot
207
Sex Linkage of Host Plant Use in Butterflies
229
Genetics and Evolutionary Dynamics
241
The Evolution of Butterfly Eyespot Patterns
243
Mimicry and Melanism in Swallowtail
259
Adaptive Novelty through Introgression in
281
Mechanistic Studies of Butterfly Adaptations
319
Butterflies and Conservation Planning in
517
Butterflies as Bioindicators for Climate
541
Movement Behavior and Minimum Patch Size
561
Biology of Extinctions in Butterfly
577
Butterflies as Model Systems in
603
REFERENCES
615
CONTRIBUTORS
723
INDEX
727
Copyright

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About the author (2003)

Carol L. Boggs is the director of the Center for Conservation Biology at Stanford University. Ward B. Watt is a professor of biology at Stanford University. Paul Ehrlich, founder and first president of the Zero Population Growth organization, was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. He received a B.A. in zoology from the University of Pennsylvania in 1953 and an M.A. and Ph.D. from the University of Kansas in 1955 and 1957, respectively. He became a member of the faculty at Stanford University in 1959 and was named Bing Professor of Population Studies in 1976. He is a recipient of a MacArthur Foundation fellowship, and in 1990 he was awarded Sweden's Crafoord Prize, created by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences to honor researchers in those disciplines not covered by the Nobel Prize. An expert in population biology, ecology, evolution, and behavior, Ehrlich has published more than 600 articles and scientific papers. He is perhaps best known for his environmental classic The Population Bomb (1968). Paul Ehrlich and his wife Anne began working together shortly after their marriage in 1954. Anne Ehrlich received her B.S. in biology from the University of Kansas. As senior research associate in biology and associate director of the Center for Conservation Biology at Stanford University, she has lectured widely and written on various environmental issues, including the environmental consequences of nuclear war. Together, the Ehrlichs have written six books and dozens of magazine articles.

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