The European Union and Central and Eastern Europe: The Implications of Enlargement in StagesThis text aims to analyze the implications of the process of enlargement in the EU in stages. The first half is concerned with the criteria likely to be used in deciding whether countries are ready to join. Then follows a discussion of the consequences of enlargment in waves for the EU institutions, the structural funds, the Common Agricultural Policy and the EU budget. The following section deals with the wider economic implications for trade, competitiveness, foreign direct investment, growth, the location of industry, and labour migration, as well as the implications for foreign and security policy. The final part discusses possible solutions to the problems posed by Eastward enlargment of the EU. It concludes that this enlargment in stages will not resolve the fundamental problems posed by accession to the CEECs to the EU. To cope with increased diversity in a larger Union, other forms of differentiated integration will have to be devised. |
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Assessing Fulfilment | 5 |
Adherence to the aim of Economic and Monetary Union | 15 |
Consequences of Enlargement in Stages | 31 |
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accession acquis communautaire Agenda Albania apparel 84 applicant countries areas articles of apparel associates Baldwin Bank billion ECU budget Bulgaria capital CEECs joining CEECS left CFSP Cohesion Fund Community competition costs criteria Croatia Czech Republic debt democracy EC Commission economic EFTA enlargement in stages entail estimates Estonia EU Budget EU-CEEC trade EU's Europe Agreements European Council Eurostat exchange rate exports farmers financial perspective firms foreign framework growth Hungary implied increase indicators inflation inflows integration intra-industry trade investment labour Latvia liberalisation Lithuania Maastricht criteria Maastricht Treaty macroeconomic measures ment migration minority n.a n.a n.a Not available output partial membership participate payments PHARE Poland political Portugal pre-accession strategy privatisation Programme progress in transition reform regional restructuring result Romania sectors share Single Market Slovakia Slovenia Source Structural Funds Table tariffs three countries tion UN/ECE unemployment Union Visegrad voting World Development Report