Economic and Philosophic Manuscripts of 1844Written in 1844 as a series of notes, Marx's posthumously published critiques on the conditions of modern industrialist societies forms the foundation of the author's denunciation of capitalism. Combining elements of psychology, sociology, and anthropology, it is a profound examination of the human condition rooted in a philosophy of economics. In this concise treatise, Marx presents an indictment of capitalism and its threat to the working man, his sense of self, and his ultimate potential. With a focus on "Marxist Humanism," he describes the alienation of laborers in a capitalist system: since the results of their work belong to someone else, they are estranged from their own labor and can never function as freely productive beings. Through a powerful mixture of history and economics, Marx explores the degenerative effect of capitalism on the proletariat and his true human nature. Regarded as one of his most important books, Economic and Philosophic Manuscripts of 1844 is a first glimpse at Marx's fascinating transition from philosophy to economics. Accessible and influential, it is an important predecessor to the Communist Manifesto and essential to an understanding of Marxist theory. |
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absolute abstract accumulation activity Adam Smith alien annulment atheism become Bruno Bauer capital capitalist commodity communism competition confirms consciousness consequence contradiction criticism definition demand division of labour economist erty essential powers estranged labour exchange existence expression external fact feudal Feuerbach final find first fixed G. W. F. Hegel greater Hegel human essence Ibid increase individual industry interest knows landed property landlord landowner large landed property life-activity Ludwig Feuerbach man’s essential manuscript Marx Marx’s means ment mercantile system merely mind monopoly movement nature negation object objectification one’s Phenomenology philosophy physiocrats political economy population positive private prop private property productive power profit relation relationship religion rent of land result Ricardo sciousness self-consciousness sense sensuous significance Smith social society species specific superseded equals theory thing thought tion trade transcendence Translator’s Note true wealth Wealth of Nations Wesen whilst worker