Bonding, Energy Levels, and Bands in Inorganic Solids

absorption band absorption spectra alkali anions antibonding atomic orbitals atoms or ions band gap band theory bonding cation charge transfer chemical chromophore cm¯¹ colour complex ions conduction band configuration covalent decreasing diagram distorted effect electron charge clouds electronegativity electronegativity difference electronic polarisability electronic transitions electrovalent emission energy band energy levels example Fe2+ Fe3+ ferromagnetic frequency GaAs glass halides increasing indicated ionic ligand m₁ magnetic field magnetic moment material metal oxides molecular orbitals n-type Na2O Ni2+ non-bridging octahedral octahedrally coordinated optical absorption optical basicity optical electronegativity orbital angular momentum orbital overlapping oxide 11 oxygen p-block paramagnetic Pb2+ Photon quantum number refractive index semiconductors shown in Fig silicon simple compounds SiO2 spectroscopic terms spectrum specular reflection spin symmetry Table temperature tetrahedral transition metal transition metal ions valence band values wave functions wave numbers Wave-numbers/cm-1 wavelength Xopt zero