Congenital Deformities of the Testis and Epididymis

abdominal abnormalities absence anatomical appearance aspermia atrophy bilateral biopsy birth weight boy aged Canalicular cent clinical congenital cremasteric cryptorchidism cysts deferens deformity diagnosis dissection duct ectopia epididymis examination excision external inguinal ring external ring failure of descent fertility fibrosis Figure full-term fully descended germinal cell groin groups gubernaculum hernial sac high scrotal testis histological hydrocele incidence of undescended incision infant infertility inguinal canal inguinal hernia left testis malignant mesentery months non-descent normal testis normally descended observed obstructed testis occur operation orchidectomy orchidopexy pain patent processus vaginalis patients peritoneal peritoneum present processus vaginalis puberty pubic crest pubic tubercle remains reported right testis scrotum seen seminoma side spermatic cord spermatic vessels spermatogenesis spermatogonia spermatozoa superficial inguinal pouch Surg surgeon surgical treatment sutures swelling testes testicle testicular biopsies testicular descent testicular tumour testis and epididymis tion tissue torsion undescended testis unilateral Urol vas deferens vasa deferentia