Foundations and Slopes: An Introduction to Applications of Critical State Soil Mechanics

angle angle of friction base exchange behaviour boundary surface calculations cell clay cohesion compaction compression critical state line curve deformation depth discontinuities drained dry density earth dam effective stress elastic embankment equation Eucumbene Dam factor of safety Figure forces friction gauge given by Eq gravel hence horizontal Hvorslev increase investigation kaolinite kN/m² laboratory limit equilibrium liquid limit lower bound major principal material maximum measured mechanism of plastic method modulus Mohr's circle movement obtained occur oedometer optimum moisture content overconsolidated paper particles permeability piezometer plane strain plastic collapse pore pressure principal stress ratio rock samples sand saturated soil seepage settlement shear strength shear stresses shown in Fig shows slip circle slip line slip plane slope Soil Mechanics solution stability strain increment structure tests total stress triaxial undrained loading unit weight upper bound vertical wall zero zone δε δεν δω