Landscape EcologyThis important new work--the first of its kind--focuses on the distribution patterns of landscape elements or ecosystems; the flows of animals, plants, energy, mineral nutrients and water; and the ecological changes in the landscape over time. Includes over 1,200 references from current ecology, geography, forestry, and wildlife biologcy literature. |
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biomass birds boundaries Chapter characteristics climate cluster colonization configuration crop cultivated curve decrease density dispersal distance distribution downwind dynamics Ecol ecosystem edge edge species effect energy environment environmental equilibrium erosion example factors fields Figure flood flows Forman function Geomorphology Godron grassland habitat hedgerows herbivores heterogeneity home range homogeneous human influence important increase interaction interior species island land landscape ecology landscape element type landscape elements landscape structure line corridors major mammals matrix metastability mineral nutrients mountain move movement natural disturbance nodes objects oscillation particles pasture patterns peninsula population porosity predators present production rain forest regions relatively result river roads savanna scale scape shrubland shrubs slopes Soil Conservation Service spatial species diversity stability stream corridor surface surface runoff surrounding trees trophic level tropical type of landscape United vegetation width Wildl wildlife wind windbreak woods zone