Plant BiochemistryThis fully revised translation of the world-renowned German edition covers the complete and modern knowledge of plant biochemistry. The book presents the topic in a concise and simplified manner so that students can digest the message and gain a basic knowledge of the entire field of plant biochemistry, from photosynthesis (the synthesis of natural plant products) to all kinds of genetic engineering with its many commercial applications. Topics include cell structure and function, lipid and polysaccharide metabolism, nitrogen fixation, phloem transport, synthesis and function of isoprenoids, phenylpropanoids and other secondary metabolites, plant growth regulation and development. Heldt provides a comprehensive description of photosynthesis, primary and secondary metabolism, the function of phytohormones and molecular engineering. The text covers research findings until the end of 2003 and identifies areas of future research. There are extensive references to the most recent scientific literature. * Illustrated with two-color diagrams and well designed metabolic schemes * Plant metabolism presented in the context of the structure and function of the plant * Many examples of commercial applications for the protection and quality improvement of harvest crops, plant breeding, and the production of raw materials for industrial use * Coverage of the latest research findings |
Contents
Chapter 1 A leaf cell consists of several metabolic compartments | 1 |
Chapter 2 The use of energy from sunlight by photosynthesis is the basis of life on earth | 45 |
Chapter 3 Photosynthesis is an electron transport process | 67 |
Chapter 4 ATP is generated by photosynthesis | 115 |
Chapter 5 Mitochondria are the power station of the cell | 135 |
Chapter 6 The Calvin cycle catalyzes photosynthetic CO2 assimilation | 165 |
Chapter 7 In the photorespiratory pathway phosphoglycolate formed by the oxygenase activity of RubisCo is recycled | 195 |
Chapter 8 Photosynthesis implies the consumption of water | 213 |
Chapter 13 Phloem transport distributes photoassimilates to the various sites of consumption and storage | 339 |
Chapter 14 Products of nitrate assimilation are deposited in plants as storage proteins | 353 |
Chapter 15 Glycerolipids are membrane constituents and function as carbon stores | 363 |
Chapter 16 Secondary metabolites fulfill specific ecological functions in plants | 403 |
Chapter 17 A large diversity of isoprenoids has multiple functions in plant metabolism | 413 |
Chapter 18 Phenylpropanoids comprise a multitude of plant secondary metabolites and cell wall components | 435 |
Chapter 19 Multiple signals regulate the growth and development of plant organs and enable their adaptation to environmental conditions | 455 |
Chapter 20 A plant cell has three different genomes | 491 |
Chapter 9 Polysaccharides are storage and transport forms of carbohydrates produced by photosynthesis | 243 |
Chapter 10 Nitrate assimilation is essential for the synthesis of organic matter | 275 |
Chapter 11 Nitrogen fixation enables the nitrogen in the air to be used for plant growth | 309 |
Chapter 12 Sulfate assimilation enables the synthesis of sulfurcontaining substances | 325 |
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Common terms and phrases
3-phosphoglycerate 6-phosphate acetyl CoA activity amino acids Annu Rev Plant Arabidopsis assimilation auxin bacteria binding biosynthesis carbohydrates carboxyl catalyzed CH2 CH2 CH3 CH3 chlorophyll chloroplasts complex contain cycle cytosol degradation dehydrogenase electron transport encoded energy enzyme excitons fatty acids ferredoxin Figure formation formed fructose function gene glucose glutamate glycine gradient H C OH herbicides hydrolysis inhibited ions isoprenoids light lipid lumen malate mesophyll mesophyll cells metabolism mitochondria molecular molecules mRNA NADH NADP NADPH nitrate reductase OH OH oxaloacetate oxidation oxygen pathway peroxisomes phloem phosphoenolpyruvate phosphorylation photosynthesis photosystem Plant Biol plant cells Plant Physiol plasma membrane plastids precursor protein kinases proton pyrophosphate pyruvate reaction center redox reduced regulation released residue respiratory chain ribosomes ribulose RubisCO sequence serine signal starch stroma structure substances substrate subunits sucrose synthase synthesis thylakoid membrane tion transcription transferred translocator Trends Plant Sci triose triose phosphate vacuole