SENSORS AND TRANDUCERSThis text is a lucid presentation of the principles of working of all types of sensors and transducers which form the prime components of the instrumentation systems. The characteristics of the sensors and transducers and the operating principles of transducer technologies have been discussed in considerable detail. Besides covering conventional sensors such as electromechanical, thermal, magnetic, radiation, and electroanalytical, the recent advances in sensor technologies including smart and intelligent sensors used in automated systems are also comprehensively described. The application aspects of sensors used in several fields such as automobiles, manufacturing, medical, and environment are fully illustrated. With a straightforward approach the text is aimed at building a sound understanding of the fundamentals, and inculcating analytical skills needed for design and operation. Numerous schematic representations, examples, and review questions help transcend underlying basics to automation and instrumentation. The book with incisive explanations and all the pedagogic attributes is designed to serve the needs of the engineering students of instrumentation, chemical, mechanical, and electrical disciplines. It will also be a useful text for the students of applied sciences. |
Contents
| 14 | |
Review Questions | 65 |
Review Questions | 133 |
5 | 159 |
Review Questions | 181 |
Xray and Nuclear Radiation Sensors | 216 |
Review Questions | 231 |
8 | 242 |
Pervoskites | 259 |
Review Questions | 281 |
Review Questions | 298 |
Variables related to blood flow | 321 |
Bibliography | 327 |
Common terms and phrases
alloy basic capacitance carrier cell ceramic characteristics charge chemical circuit coefficient coil conductivity constant core crystal curve density dependent depletion region detection detector developed device diaphragm dielectric diode doping eddy current effect electrical emission energy equation etching factor ferromagnetic fibre film flux frequency function given heat increases inductance input insulating ionization layer linear liquid magnetic field magnetostriction material measurement membrane metal noise nonlinearity obtained ohmic contacts operation optical output oxide oxygen p-n junction parameters photoconductor photodiode photons photoresist piezoelectric polarization potential pressure produced pulse pyroelectric R₁ radiation range ratio reference electrode resistance resistance thermometers response scheme scintillators secondary semiconductor sensing sensitivity sensors shown in Fig shows signal silicon solution specific spectral strain gauge substrate surface technique temperature thermal thermistors thermocouples thermometer thermopiles thickness torque transducer upto V₁ variable variation voltage wafer wavelength wire
Popular passages
Page 163 - ... a coil is proportional to the time rate of change of flux linkage with it.
Page xii - Transducer: A device which provides a usable output in response to a specified measurand.
Page 326 - Pressure probe methods for determining wind speed and flow direction. HMSO, London.
Page 326 - Determination of pH, Theory and Practice", 2nd ed., John Wiley and Sons, New York (1973).
Page 180 - Hall resistance at the plateau is quantized in submultiples of h/e^, where h is Planck's constant and e is the electron charge. The...
Page 8 - This is performed to reduce undesirable electrical, magnetic, electromagnetic, and mechanical coupling among various parts of the system and between the system and the outside.
Page 88 - C is the specific heat of the material, h is the heat transfer coefficient, and A is the area of heat transfer.
Page 188 - The efficiency of a machine is defined as the ratio of the output to the input. For...
Page 326 - ... Japan, Tokyo, 1987, pp. 543-546. [2] Lj. Ristic, T. Smy, HP Baltes, and I. Filanovsky, " A highly sensitive magnetic sensor based on magnetotransistor action with suppressed sidewall injection," MIEL-87, 15th Yugoslav Conference on Microelectronics, Banja Luka, May 1315, 1987, pp. 25-32. [3] HP Baltes and RS Popovic, "Integrated semiconductor magnetic field sensors," Proc. IEEE, vol. 74, pp. 1107-1132, 1986. [4] RS Povovic and R. Widmer, "Magnetotransistors in CMOS technology,