zwinkernd, sein Bart wächst um den Tisch und hat schon zweimal dessen Ründung umschlossen; wann er das drittemal herum gewachsen sein wird, erfolgt des Königs Aufwachen. Bei seinem Hervorkommen wird er seinen Schild hängen an einen dürren Baum, davon wird der Baum grünen und eine bessere Zeit werden. Doch Einige haben ihn auch wachend gesehen; einen Schäfer, der ein ihm wohlgefälliges Lied gepfiffen, fragte Friedrich:,, Fliegen die Raben noch um den Berg?". und als der Schäfer bejahte:,, So muß ich hundert Jahre länger schlafen." (See also Grimm's Deutsche Mythologie, p. 366.) It should, however, be stated that when the legend first appears it is related, not of Frederick I., but of his grandson, the Emperor Frederick II. It may be added that the Welsh similarly believe their ancient king Arthur to lie in Snowdon, and one of these days they expect him to come forth from the mountain and to reestablish the splendour of the kingdom of the Cymry by driving the Saxons out of Britain.

2. Friederich (i.e. rich in peace) is the original trisyllabic form of the name now commonly used as Friedrich.

12.

zu seiner Zeit, in his own good time.'

14. Darauf as a relative is obsolete now; we should now say worauf, as we have it v. 16.

15. maxmelsteinern is archaic, instead of marmorn, or aus Marmor. 17. His beard is not of flaxen colour, but as red as fire.

20.

Observe the somewhat heavy accentuation aūsrúht, instead of the ordinary aúsrūht.

23. je denotes repetition after pauses, each of which is long.

24.

We may

Knabe and Knappe ('a page') were originally identical in meaning, and merely different forms of one and the same word. translate it here with the old English knave, which retained its original sense of 'page' in the language of Shakespeare.

XV.

The present ballad may be looked upon as an attempt to substantiate, by free and original invention, a title handed down from remote ages. The Counts of Limpurg (a castle situated at a short distance from Schwäbisch-Hall, in the modern kingdom of Würtemberg) claimed from times immemorial the title and privileges of cup-bearers to the German Emperor, and are repeatedly styled pincernae de Limpurg in ancient documents. They became extinct in 1713. As the tale related here is of Uhland's own invention, it remains uncertain which of the Hohenstaufen Emperors is the one spoken of in the present poem.

I.

Die Feste (often spelt Veste) = Festung, stronghold.

5. allerwegen (properly two words of genitival formation) = überall.

8. leid is etymologically connected with E. loth; hence Einem etwas verleiden may well be translated, 'to make some one loth to do something.'

bird.

II.

Wilde Feder is apparently meant to denote the feather of a wild

13. an der Seiten is purposely archaic instead of an der Seite; comp. Aue § 137, note. See also below, v. 75.

14. Buchs Buchsbaumholz, boxwood.

15. schreiten incedere, or like the compound ausschreiten.

17. For the plural Mannen see Aue § 148, note 2.-Instead of wohl ('indeed'), we might also turn the sentence this way: Obwohl (obschon, wenngleich) er Knechte und Mannen und ein tüchtiges Roß hatte, ging er, &c. 20. Troß, his menial train.

26. The phrase adopted here is somewhat homely when used of Imperial state. But the poet employed it intentionally.

27. mit hellen Haufen, with a large and noisy train. Haufe is rather an undignified word: see n. on Kohlrausch, p. 1, 3.

31. Jagdgesinde means the same as Troß, v. 20. Gesinde is a collective noun derived from O. H. G. sind, corresponding to Gothic sinps and Anglo-S. si 'road,' 'journey,' whence O. H. G. kisindo, Gothic gasinpa' a roadfellow,' 'an escort.'

32. Forst always denotes an extensive forest, while Wald is the ordinary wood.

36. In prose: mit mannigfaltigen Blumen, variis floribus.

39. Die Häge, plural (rarely used) of der Hag, for which word see note on 5, 39.

40. A more usual order of words would be und vor ihm stand der Graf.

41. ánhèben is more dignified than anfangen, the original notion being that of raising his voice.

42. hie is archaic instead of hier. It is more frequently used in the compound allhie.

44. Both fommt and kömmt are correct forms of the third person sing. In the same manner we have both du kommst and du fömmst, but

in the first pers. sing., and in the whole plural the vowel cannot be

modified.

45. streifen: comp. 5, 37.

46. fahen is obsolete, instead of fangen. Comp. 6, 70.

49. ohn' alle Fährde, without any evil thought or suspicion. The expression is not common. Grimm, 3, 1247, quotes another instance of it from Goethe:

57. mir verfangen=von mir mit Beschlag belegt. The expression is legal.

58. In poetry begehren is sometimes construed with a genitive, like verlangen; comp. the genitive used after movμw.

61. Das Gewälde is an intensified derivation from der Wald; comp. das Gehege from der Hag (5, 39).

62. mir, dat. ethicus, ‘in my opinion,' or it may be 'to my loss.' 63. In prose: bei Hof und im Felde.

69. Ich habe etwas eigen, I possess something as my own, I own something.

72. 'mal instead of einmal; its use here is somewhat idiomatic. The sense of this line would require a different expression in prose, e.g. wenn ich erst alt und krank geworden bin.

74. Here mir is 'for me.'

78. thu' mir das is a familiar and somewhat off-hand phrase, instead of thu' mir den Gefallen, do me the favour.-Gesell, 'comrade,' is likewise a familiar and good-humoured appellation. Comp. 5, 207.

79. bürsten is provincially used in the sense of trinken. It would seem to have been originally a slang word in this sense.

80. Wasserquell is a somewhat redundant compound, inasmuch as Quell of itself means a water-spring. But comp. v. 88, whence an argument may be derived why Uhland has expressly spoken of water here.

83. bis oben bis an den Rand, to the brim, v. 92. 95. We say more fully, von dieser Stunde an.

XVI.

The dynasty of the Hohenstaufen owed its destruction to the Papal power, which the Hohenstaufen Emperors had always opposed with all their might. Frederick II., who was only three years old at the death of his father (1197), was crowned at Aachen in 1215, and soon took up the policy of his family, which he continued during his whole reign. When Pope Gregory IX. convoked a council at Rome, Frederick's illegitimate son, Enzio or Hensius (i. e. Heinz, an abbreviated form of Heinrich), intercepted many of the bishops on their way, after a sharply contested naval battle with the Genoese fleet, A.D. 1241. Enzio's valour was henceforth of great assistance to his father, who honoured. this favourite son with the royal title. But in 1249 Enzio was beaten by the Bolognese in the battle of Fossalta, and taken prisoner. "Les Ghibellins étaient conduits par le roi Hensius; chaque armée comptait de quinze à vingt mille combattants. La bataille fut longue et sanglante, mais elle se termina par la défaite complète des Ghibellins. Le roi Hensius tomba lui-même entre les mains des vainqueurs; il fut aussitôt conduit à Bologne et enfermé au palais du podestat. Le sénat de Bologne repoussa toute offre de rançon, toute intercession en sa faveur ; il pourvut d'une manière splendide à son entretien, mais il le retint captif pendant le reste de sa vie, qui dura encore vingt-deux ans." Simonde di Sismondi, Histoire de la Renaissance de la liberté en Italie (Paris, 1832), vol. 1. p. 125. It was, therefore, Enzio's tragic fate to survive the extinction of all the rest of his family (Frederick II. Dec. 13, 1250; his son Conrad IV. 1254; Manfred was defeated and killed in the battle of Benevent 1266; Frederick's grandson Conradin was defeated at Tagliacozzo Aug. 23, 1268, and executed at the command of Charles d'Anjou, Oct. 29, 1268). When the news of Conradin's execution reached him, Enzio attempted an escape. "Pour mieux tromper la vigilance de ses geôliers, il se fit enfermer dans un tonneau que des hommes dévoués devaient faire sortir de Bologne sur un chariot chargé de marchandises; mais au moment où ce précieux chariot allait dépasser la dernière porte de la ville, l'un des gardiens ayant aperçu une mèche de cheveux blonds qui s'échappait de l'une des fentes du tonneau, et s'étant écrié: 'Oh! il n'y a que le roi Hensius qui puisse avoir de si beaux cheveux!' le pauvre prince fut découvert dans son étroite cachette, et ramené dans sa prison, où il mourut trois ans après, consumé d'ennuis et de regrets." Lamé-Fleury.

4.

Aar is poetical instead of Adler.

5. Reno is the river on which Bologna is situated.

II.

ob=obgleich, although. Comp. 40, 19.

21, 22. In prose: weine blutigrothe Thränen.

Und ist wenn wirklich mein Vater gestorben ist.

=

The two

25. 29. In poetry Mond is often used instead of Monat. words are originally identical. Comp. the Greek μýv and E. moon. 33 sq. Animate and inanimate nature is to participate in his grief. 36. Weisen, 'melodies,' in the same way as modi is used in Latin (magna modis tenuare parvis, Hor.).

38. It is more usual to say hervor locken.—There is a period to all complaints, just as nature does not always mourn in the garb of winter, but returns to new life in spring, I too may conceive new hopes, in spite of my glorious father's death.

39. His father had been designated as the Sun (19), his brothers— Conrad IV. in Germany, and Manfred in Sicily and Naples are now styled stars.

40. mir, dat. eth. = meine Brüder.

44. Comp. Horace's expression, lucida sidera, likewise applied to two brothers.

47. The most usual form of this word is the plural die Trümmer; the singular is originally das Trumm, but is almost out of use nowadays; but the plural die Trümmer has erroneously been employed as a singular (as in this line) by many writers since Klopstock; nay, even der Trüm

mer occurs.

48. The preposition von is not employed here merely to replace the genitive, but denotes that which is left of the splendour of the house.

51. The expression sich mit Staub besäen is very bold, in the sense of sich mit Staub bedecken or bestreuen (besprengen). Grimm (wörterb. 1, 1539) quotes from Jean Paul the expression sich mit Puder besäen, to bestrew one's hair with powder.

54. According to the ancient legend, Philomela was changed into a nightingale by mourning for the slaughter of Procne's child (Itys). See Ovid, Met. VI. 451 sqq.

57. Auen is here used in the wider sense of the word; see n. on 7, 10.

68. zum Königssaal, so as to make it like a regal hall.

69. The usual form is verschönern.

70. rosiger Wein means merely red (or rosy) wine.

72.

The sound of the harp goes forth into the land.