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(The works of Art given to the University by Mr. Ruskin and comprised in the above series are under the control of the Ruskin Trustees. The Galleries are under the care of the University Curators.)

3. A collection of Casts illustrative of Greek Art in its several stages is under the care of the Professor of Archæology.

[In the same building as the University Galleries, a School of Art, in connection with the South Kensington Museum, is maintained chiefly for the use of Artisans and their children. Evening classes are held there.]

§ 11. Archæological Collections.

1. The Ashmolean Museum originally consisted of the miscellaneous collections (including books and manuscripts) of Elias Ashmole, given to the University in 1684, and subsequent additions have been made to it in all its branches. On the building

of the University Museum all natural objects were removed to it, the coins, books, and manuscripts, including those of Ashmole, Dugdale, Aubrey, and Anthony Wood, were transferred to the Bodleian Library, and the Ashmolean was re-arranged as an Antiquarian, Archæological, and Ethnological Museum. The Museum now contains (1) a choice collection of flint implements; (2) Egyptian, Etruscan or Italo-Greek, Roman, British, RomanoBritish, Anglo-Saxon, and Medieval articles of considerable interest; (3) a collection of upwards of 3000 photographs of the principal buildings of Egypt, Palestine, Syria, Greece, and Rome, including Mr. Parker's photographs of buildings, etc. of Rome, Pompeii, and other parts of Italy, with the Recent Excavations, the whole of which are systematically arranged for reference; also Mr. Parker's collection of drawings of buildings in Rome; (4) an Ethnological collection. Every article in the Museum now has a label distinctly written. The Museum is open daily from 11 to 4 o'clock. The Keeper of the Museum occasionally gives lectures upon Archæological subjects.

2. The Arundel and Selden Marbles are deposited partly in the Ashmolean Museum, and partly in the Museum Arundelianum in the quadrangle of the Schools. Among the latter is the most im

portant marble in the collection, viz. that which is known as the Parian Chronicle.

3. The Castellani Collection consists of (1) Greek Fictile Vases, including specimens from the earliest to the latest period of that style of art; (2) Bronzes, chiefly from Magna Græcia ; (3) Terra cottas, chiefly from Capua and Etruria.

4. The Pomfret Collection consists of a number of ancient marbles, which are deposited in the University Galleries.

§ 12. Indian Institute.

The main object of this Institute, founded in 1883, is to give effective teaching in all subjects that relate to India and its inhabitants. Only half the building is as yet completed, but this contains Lecture Rooms, a Library, and a Museum; it is thus intended to assist the Selected Candidates for the Civil Service of India, and all native students from India who matriculate, or merely reside, at Oxford. Moreover it will serve as a meetingplace for students of all countries who are engaged in Oriental research.

CHAPTER III.

OF PECUNIARY REWARDS OF AND AIDS TO LEARNING.

THE pecuniary rewards of and aids to learning may be divided according as they are in the gift of the University itself or of the several Colleges and Halls. It is sufficient to say of them in general that they are so various as to leave no branch of academical study without its appropriate recognition, and so numerous that few students of ability can fail to obtain substantial help.

It has not been thought advisable to mention here any but those which are in the immediate disposal of the University itself or of the Colleges and Halls, but it may be pointed out that there are in addition two important classes of pecuniary aid which are available by those who are or intend to become members of the University:—

1. A considerable number of Exhibitions are awarded by the London City Companies and other bodies to deserving students of slender means. The nature of these and the conditions under which they may be held can be ascertained by application to the Clerks of the several Companies.

2. A still larger number of Exhibitions are awarded by various Public Schools to their pupils. The nature of these and the conditions under which they may be held can be ascertained in each case by enquiry at the respective Schools.

I. OF UNIVERSITY SCHOLARSHIPS AND PRIZES. The University encourages learning among its students partly by prizes, i.e. gifts of money or books, and partly by scholarships, i.e. gifts of money extending over one or more years. The latter were probably intended in the first instance chiefly as a help to further study, and to some of them conditions which imply study are still attached, but they are now for the most part

rewards of past attainment given to those who best satisfy the conditions of a more or less limited competition. It will be convenient to classify them according to the branches of study to which they relate. The general conditions of competition only can be mentioned here; more precise information will be found from time to time in the Oxford University Gazette. The nature of the examination for Scholarships will be best gathered from the Examination Papers, some of which are published at the Clarendon Press.

I. CLASSICS.

Candi

Three

(1) Craven Scholarships and Fellowships. There are six Scholarships, each worth £40 a year and tenable for two years. dates must not have exceeded their sixteenth Term. Scholars are elected each year after the same examination as that held for election to the Ireland Scholarship.

There are two Fellowships, each worth £200 a year and tenable for two years. Candidates must have passed all Examinations required for the degree of B.A., and must not have exceeded their twenty-eighth Term. One Fellow is elected each year either without examination or after an examination in Greek and Latin Literature, History, and Antiquities. A Fellow is required to spend at least eight months each year in residence abroad for the purpose of study at some place or places approved by the electing Committee.

(2) Ireland Scholarships. These are four in number: one Scholar is elected every year, and (unless he has been a Craven Scholar) is elected at the same time to the First Craven Scholarship. The value is about £30 per annum for four years. Candidates must be Undergraduates who have not exceeded their sixteenth Term. The subject of examination is Greek and Latin scholarship.

(3) Hertford Scholarship. This is awarded every year: the emolument consists of one year's dividend on £1142 10s. 4d. reduced 3 per cent. Annuities. Candidates must not have completed two years from their matriculation. The subject of examination is Latin scholarship.

(4) The Chancellor's Prize for a Latin Essay. This is awarded every year: its value is £20 in money. Competitors must have

exceeded four but not have completed seven years from their matriculation.

(5) The Chancellor's Prize for Latin Verse. This is awarded every year: its value is £20 in money. Competitors must not have completed four years from their matriculation.

(6) Gaisford Prizes. These are two in number, awarded each year. One prize is given for a composition in Greek Verse, the metre as well as the subject being fixed from year to year; the other is given for a composition in Greek Prose. The emolument of each prize consists of a moiety of the dividends on £1258 75. 8d. New 3 per Cents., and averages about £18. The compositions are to be sent in on or before March 1, and competitors must not have exceeded the seventeenth Term from their matriculation on that day.

(7) Conington Prize. This is awarded once in every three years for a dissertation, to be written either in English or in Latin at the option of the writer, on some subject appertaining to classical learning. It is open to all members of the University who, on the day appointed for sending in the dissertations, have passed all the Examinations required for the degree of Bachelor of Arts, and have completed six years, and not exceeded fifteen years, from their matriculation. The value of the prize is three years' income of the investment of £1275, subject to a deduction for the payment of Examiners and other expenses.

(8) Derby Scholarship. This is awarded every year to the Candidate who has in the judgment of the electors attained the highest academical distinction in Classical scholarship. Candidates must be members of the University who have completed their twentieth and not completed their twenty-fourth Term of standing, and who have attained the following academical distinctions: (1) a First Class in Classics at the First Public Examination; (2) a First Class in Literis Humanioribus at the Second Public Examination; or, a Second Class in Literis Humanioribus at the Second Public Examination, together with the Chancellor's Prize for Latin Verse and the Chancellor's Prize for either the English or the Latin Essay; (3) two out of the three Classical University Scholarships, that is to say, the Hertford, Ireland, and Craven Scholarships.

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