TOMB OF ST. CUTHBERT.

In vol. xcvi. ii. pp. 321, 438, we noticed at some length the interesting account published by the Rev. J. Raine, of the opening of St. Cuthbert's Tomb in Durham Cathedral. Among the many curious relics then discovered were the pontifical vestments of a Bishop, consisting of a maniple and stole, in a high state of preservation. These remains having been, by the permission of the Dean and Chapter, forwarded to London, are now in the Tower, consigned to the care of that able antiquary Mr. Petrie, under whose superintendence a set of drawings, forming perfect fac-similes of the originals, are now in the course of execution, at the expense of the Society of Antiquaries, and will shortly be engraved for publication. The gold lace, which appears to be constructed solely of fine gold wire, partially flattened, and without any admixture of silk thread, retains its metallic colour and brilliancy almost as freshly as when it was first put on, 900 years ago; nor is the groundwork on which it is laid in a greater state of decay. By an inscription in embroidery, perfectly legible to the most inexperienced eye, these robes appear to have been the gift of Elfled to Frithstan-a circumstance which at once fixes their date to the earlier part of the 10th century. Among the figures worked in the embroidery, are those of Sixtus, Gregory, St. Laurence the Deacon, &c. with several other Saints and Popes, which afford a very pleasing illustration of the costume of the period, and the then state of the art of embroidery.

ODE

Whlie some workmen were lately demolishing a boundary hedge between Glan Hwfa farm and Fron, in the parish of Llangefni, Anglesey, a great number of graves were found, composed of stones for sides and ends, and some covered over, containing human bones; there were about thirty entire graves, infants and adults, besides detached parts of others, with fragments of bones of more apparent antiquity.-A similar discovery was made on the farm of Chapel, in the parish of Llangristiolus, three miles distant, about sixty years ago.

MAMMON'S low sons declare, with venal hate, That PITT but added burthens to the State; But well the grov'ling wretches may be told,

No price can be too high that props the plan,
Which guards each SACRED PRIVILEGE of
MAN,

And Freedom, far above a world of gold.
Then let us on this day still firmly stand,
To honour HIM whose wisdom sav'd the land
From foreign vengeance, and internal strife;
Devoted to his country, night and day,
He fell at length to public cares a prey,
And in the glorious struggle yielded life.

RUSSIA AND TURKEY. In our Supplementary Number, p. 636, we noticed the defeat of the Grand Vizier, on the 11th June. A Russian bulletin, from the camp before Chumla, dated June 24, says: "The Grand Vizier, who, on the second day after his defeat, succeeded in returning to Chumla at the head of a small detachment of cavalry, makes vain exertions to re-organise an army. The fugitives, who succeed in returning to the fortress in small parties, are not in sufficient numbers to fill up the immense chasm in the ranks; be sides, most of the soldiers, as well of the regular as the irregular corps, have taken advantage of the defeat to endeavour to return to their own homes; so that of 40,000 that the Grand Vizier had before Pravadi, scarcely 15,000 men will have returned to their colours." The Grand Vizier appears to be closely invested in Chunla by the corps of General Diebitsch.

On the 30th June, the fortress of Silistria surrendered by capitulation. It was first supposed, from the number of prisoners taken, that there had been some treachery on the part of the Turkish commander; but the private papers since received, and the Russian bulletin, both represent the garrison as having been reduced to the last extremity. It amounted to 10,000 men, without including the inhabitants. Among the number are two pachas of three tails, Hady Achmet and Serb Mahoud, and many other officers; 250 pieces of cannon, two horsetails, above 100 pair of colours, the flotilla of the Danube, and a great quantity of ammunition and provisions.

Intelligence has been brought of the taking of the town of Raskira, on the right bank of the Danube, by the Russians, after a severe conflict. Nearly 500 prisoners, among whom is Hassein, Pacha of Varna (pacha of two tails), five cannons, and five standards, are the trophies of this victory.

The Ambassadors of England and France have arrived at Constantinople, and were received with the greatest enthusiasm. The throng of the people, who usually take little interest in public matters, was extremely great. The Porte sent deputies to the two Ambassadors to compliment them in their hotels..

ITALY.

A general edict of the Holy See of Rome, dated the 14th of May, orders every person to give information to the Inquisition as to all heretics, or those who are suspected of being so. In this category there are ranged all individuals who treat with doubt the wor

ship of the Virgin or the Saints; who believe in the dissolubility of marriage; who hold intercourse with Jews or heretics; who oppose themselves to the acts of the Holy Inquisition, or take part in abusing the informers that it welcomes and rewards, and who possess books of heretical authors, or discuss religious matters without the authority of the Holy See. By this edict, it is forbidden to every Catholic to hold any intercourse, or even to eat, with Jews, or to suckle or educate their children, or render them any service whatever.

The Pope has recently addressed a circular to all the Patriarchs, Primates, Archbishops, and Bishops, in which his Holiness deplores the numerous attacks directed against religion, under the cloak of philosophy, and the error which proclaims that salvation is to be obtained in every religion. Upon this principle, he observes, every mode of faith would be equally valuable, and truth and error would be placed upon a level. His Holiness then recites the regulations of the Councils of Trent with respect to the translation of the Bible into modern languages.

AUSTRIA.

The system employed throughout Austria for spreading instruction among the lower orders is attended with great success. In each village are schools, of which the masters are paid by government. No one is allowed to marry who cannot read, write, or show some acquaintance with arithmetic; and, under a penalty, no master can employ a workman who is not able to read and write. Small works on moral subjects, written with great care, are circulating among the lower classes.

Austria has declared war against Morocco; a measure adopted, it is supposed, as a retaliation for her defeat at Larache, where a body of their troops were cut to pieces by the Arabs. The right of blockade reserved by the Austrian Government in the ports of Barbary will ouly extend to the enemy, and will not extend to the regular trade. AMERICA.

The New York Papers contain an account of the deplorable accident that befel the American steam-frigate the Fulton, which was rendered a complete wreck by the explosion of some barrels of powder in her magazine, on the 24th June, in the Navyyard, Brooklyn. Twenty-three persons lost their lives, and a great number had their limbs fractured, and were otherwise shockingly wounded. The accident is believed to have arisen from the gunner going into the

magazine with a candle for powder to fire the evening gun. The officers were seated at dinner when the explosion occurred.

The ordinary session of the Brazil Legislature opened on the 3d of May by a speech from the Throne. The only portion of it which relates to the affairs of Europe, or, indeed, to any affairs in which Europe feels an interest, is a short allusion made by the Emperor on the conduct of his brother, the fortunes of his daughter, and the policy which the transatlantic Sovereign intends to pursue in the present crisis. Declaring without reserve the present Government of Portugal an usurpation, and engaging never to enter into any terms with the Usurper, he nevertheless recognizes his more domestic obligations, and promises never to compromise the interests or tranquillity of his Brazilian subjects in a mere family quarrel. EAST INDIES.

Sir C. Colville, the Governor of the Mauritius, has issued an address respecting the Orders in Council for the modification of the Slave system, which has excited a great ferment throughout the island. The memorandum of the Governor appears to have originated in a refusal on the part of the Proprietors to allow the Protector of Slaves to communicate the new laws to three of the most intelligent Slaves on the estates in each district. The inhabitants memorialized the Governor on the subject; and his Grace, whilst he says little on the authority claimed by the Protector, takes occasion to reason with the memorialists on the expediency of the modifications proposed to be introduced "into all the Sugar Colonies possessed by his Majesty," and recommends them not to be influenced by vain fears, nor to let the Slaves acquire an unfounded notion, insinuated by the memorialists in their address, that the

DOMESTIC

IRELAND.

English Government had censured the Local Administration of the Colonies for having done too much in their favour.

By letters from Foule Point, Madagascar, of the 3d of March, it appears, since the death of Radama, King of the island, and instantly after the arrangement of mourning and settling its ceremony, the Queen assembled all the chiefs of the various extensive provinces at the capital, and those that were known to have expressed a wish, on the death of the late King, for his relation to succeed to the throne, were put to death, as well as a long list of Princes and Princesses of the blood of Radama. The whole island was in a state of commotion; the Arabs and Madagasse of the beautiful and fertile kingdom of Benbatooka had declared for their old King, subdued by Radama's troops, when his Majesty's ship Andromache was off Mejunga, in Bembatooka-bay, with a squadron. The Queen had ordered the English Government agent from the capital, and the Missonaries expected orders to quit momentarily. She had also expressed her detestation of the British Nation, and only the wife of Mr. Harty, the late Government agent, recently returned, after the death of her husband, at Port Louis, Mauritius, was permitted to remain, and she was greatly in her confidence. Her sole adviser was the son of the Madagascar who was some little time ago beheaded at the Mauritius, for attempting to raise an insurrection when at Port Louis. The Queen having declared her intention to reject the annual gift of dollars for the suppression of the Slave trade, it was expected the island would retrograde to its wonted state of barbarity and slave traffic. Not one prince or princess of the blood of Radama is left to lay claim to the sovereignty of the island.

We regret to say, that the Irish papers are full of details of rioting and murder, and that, as yet, not one of the beneficial results which we were taught to look for from the recent measures, is apparent. It is of little consequence that there are laws for the protection of persons and property, if these laws are not fully and vigilantly carried into execution. It is to this system of outrage and violence that the distresses in Ireland are chiefly to be ascribed; and without some better security is afforded than at present exists, to the peaceable and well-disposed part of the community, it is in vain to expect that English capital and industry will be brought effectually to bear upon the improvement of the condition of Ireland. A stronger and more active superintendence on the part of Government is absolutely necessary to produce peace and tranquillity.

All the accounts from Ireland continue to be of the most alarming nature. One from Armagh, dated the 18th July, states the county is dreadfully disturbed, and that nothing has ever been witnessed like it since the great Rebellion of 1798. At a battle fought at Glenoe, four Orangemen were killed, and six or seven Catholics, besides a great number wounded. The county of Down is greatly agitated; at Miltown, 2,000 people drove the barrister, the court, and the police out of the town. In the county of Leitrim, handbills have been circulated, calling upon the Roman Catholic peasantry, the name of the King who granted them Emancipation, to repair to Fermanagh to assist their friends. At Manor Hamilton, co. Leitrim, a regular attack was made on the Protestants by the Papists. The Protestants were compelled to take arms to defend themselves. The Popish leaders fre

in

quently called out to rally their men, exclaiming to them that it was for their "religion they were fighting." A ballad-singer was paraded by the Papists, to sing forth the glories of Mr. O'Connell, and this was made the pretext for beginning the affray.

In many parts of Ulster the Orange exhibitions were celebrated on the 13th and 14th, the challenge thrown in the teeth of the Catholics accepted, battle given, and lives unhappily lost. In Fermanagh, some of the intelligence received makes the killed and wounded on both sides upwards of 20 men.

The Fermanagh Reporter states, that on Monday the 13th inst. a vast crowd of persons assembled at Derrylin, seven miles from Enniskillen. Lord Enniskillen repaired to the spot, but, although aided by the Priest, he could not disperse the people. About 800 men, armed with pikes, scythes on poles, pitchforks, &c. attacked the Protestant party, killed a man who had advanced to make peace, and wounded seven others mortally. A considerable number were killed and wounded on the other side. The rebels, to the amount of some thousands, formed an encampment on Benaughlen mountain.

On the evening of the 2d July inst. a man named M'Cabe was way-laid by some Popish fiends, on his way homewards from the mar ket of Carrickmacross, county of Monaghan, and most savagely murdered. This victim was offered up on the altar of Popish intolerance, on account of his having read his recantation, and abandoned the errors of Popery for conscience sake. In order to make this the more apparent, the sanguinary barbarians actually cut out the tongue of this new martyr in the cause of civil and religious liberty.

On the 18th of July, the Irish Government issued a proclamation against meetings of a religious or political tendency. It stated, in the preamble, "meetings of large numbers of his Majesty's subjects have lately been held, for the avowed purpose of commemorating political events, or for the manifestation of particular opinions, political or religious; as also for the purpose of resisting, by violent and illegal means, such commemoration or manifestation." It concludes with expressing a determination "to put down and suppress such meetings, and to prevent the recurrence thereof."

INTELLIGENCE FROM VARIOUS

PARTS OF THE COUNTRY. June 23. The opening of the new railroad from Kingswinford to the Staffordshire and Worcestershire canal, with a locomotive steam-engine, took place amidst an immense concourse of spectators from the surrounding country. The entire length of the railway is three miles and one-eighth ; it commences at the colliery of the Earl of Dudley by an inclined plane of one thousand

yards in length, having an inclination of 2 feet 3-10ths in a chain, and the carriages with coal are delivered down the plane in three minutes and a half, bringing up at the same time an equal number of empty carriages. The rail-road then proceeds from the foot of the inclined plane for one mile and seven-eighths, at an inclination of 16 feet in a mile; and on this part of the railway the locomotive engine travels and delivers the waggons at the head of another inclined plane, of five hundred yards in length, having an inclination of 2 feet 35100ths in a chain. The waggons are passed down this plane in a similar manner to the first, in one minute and three quarters. At the foot of the second inclined plane there is a basin 750 yards long, communicating with the Staffordshire and Worcestershire Canal, parallel to which the rail-road is continued on both sides, affording the means of loading sixty boats at the same time; and over the middle of this basin is a handsome bridge of eleven arches, on which the road from Wordsley to New Inn passes.

Workmen are now engaged in unroofing the Cross Church of Dundee, preparatory to the alterations intended to be made on it. It is to be enlarged, by taking down and rebuilding the West wall, and otherwise improved. This building formed the North Transept of the Cathedral Church, built by David Earl of Huntingdon, on his return from the third crusade in the 12th century, in gratitude of his deliverance from several imminent dangers. Subsequent to the Reformation, it shared in the destruction which attended other parts of the fabric, and long remained in a state of dilapidation. It is said that, during the Protectorate of Oliver Cromwell, it was used as a stable for the horses of the English soldiers. It was only in 1759 that the North or Cross Church was prepared for a Protestant place of worship, and a Minister appointed to officiate in it. It underwent some repairs a few years ago; but the accident which took place at Kirkaldy having led to an examination of this as well as other churches, it was found to be in a very decayed and insecure state, and the alterations about to be made were resolved on.

July 3. This evening one of those tre mendous phenomena called Waterspouts burst at Aber, a village a few miles from Tyn-y-maes, N. Wales. About ten o'clock, the inhabitants of the village were thrown into a state of alarm in consequence of the water in the river rising very rapidly. The large stones in the bed of the river being carried by the force of the water, dashed against each other, and kept up an almost incessant roaring. Several houses were inundated, and at Glany-mor the inmates were sleeping until the water had gained the height of two feet, when they were awoke by some person from the village. For about

two hours, during the greatest fury of the torrent, the inhabitants were afraid to cross the bridge of the river, from the foundation of which two large stones were washed. A small wooden bridge, called Bont Nant, which crosses the river about a quarter of a mile from the village, and which on one side was fixed on a rock of about 15 tons weight, was hurled into the water and carried off; and the rock was swept away, and is no where to be found. On the arrival of the mail from London in the neighbourhood, about ten at night, the highway was found completely impassable, and the coach was delayed until half-past two in the morning, when the Holyhead mail arrived at the other extremity of the broken ground, where it was delayed in like manner. The course of the rivers towards the Conway present similar scenes of devastation. The village of Roe Wer, about three miles from Conway, has materially suffered. An avalanche in Switzerland is the only thing that the picture can be compared to. The high road from the village of Bwlch-y-ddaufaert is totally impassable, and it is doubtful whether it can ever be restored in the same line.

At the coal works situated between New Sauchie and the river Devon, co. Stirling, there is a seam of coal which is at present burning under ground, and is said to have done so for years past: and, though repeated efforts have been made to extinguish the fire, they have been hitherto unavailing. Two men and two women lately went down this burning pit, for the purpose of building a dyke to serve as a barrier between the coal that was not ignited and the burning mass, and had not been long engaged at their work when the roof fell down behind them, and shut them in close to the flames. They had entered in a sloping direction, the earth had fallen behind them, and there they were entombed alive, amid the burning embers and smoking turf. It was some time before any one could approach the place where the bodies lay on account of the flanie; and when they did reach them they were almost totally consumed.

June 30. The extensive freehold, Oatlands-park estate, mansion, and domain, Surrey, for upwards of 40 years the favoured retreat, residence, and property of the late Duke of York, was disposed of by Messrs. Driver, at the Auction-mart. The first lot comprised the mansion, pleasure grounds, gardens, stabling, and land, in all 776 acres. The late Duke of York expended a large sum in improving and embellishing this portion of the property; the out-buildings alone cost nearly 100,000l. The splendid tennis-court and the beautiful grotto were erected by his Royal Highness, at an expense of 20,000l. The lot, after a lengthened competition, was knocked down at 50,000l. The remainder of the estate comprises that picturesque district known as St. George'shill, containing 1,100 acres, sundry villa

£47,501,545 47,408,717

Decrease on the year......£.92,828 Hungerford Market.-Another attempt is likely to be made to re-establish a useful market on this spot. From the high respectability of the trustees and committee, we trust it will be carried into execution. 210,000l. is proposed to be raised by shares of 100l. each. When New London Bridge is completed, it is expected that the steamboats will be brought to Hungerford Market, to land and embark passengers from a jetty to be erected for the purpose. A fish market, also, for the accommodation of the western part of the metropolis, cannot fail to be of great advantage.

en

The eighteenth Report of the Commissioners of Revenue Enquiry relates tirely to the business in every department of the General Post-Office in London, and shows the extraordinary machinery of that extensive establishment. The ordinary business of each day is, in letters in the inland office alone, 35,000 letters received, and 40,000, sent, (23,475,000 annually) exclusive of the numbers in the foreign department, and the ship letter office, and altogether independent of the two-penny post. The number of newspapers daily varies from 25,000 to 50,000 (on Saturday 40,000, and on Monday 50,000), of which number about 20,000 are put into the office ten minutes before six o'clock. After that hour each newspaper is charged one half-penny, which