on the fouth, by Oude; on the weft and north-west, by the Jumna; and the fouth-weft, by the dominions of the Sicques. From Lall Dong to the Ganges, the country forms with little interruption a continued chain of woody hills. The elephant, which abounds in these forests, but of a fize and quality inferior to that found in the Chittagong and Malay quarters, is here only valued for its ivory. From the Ganges to the Jumna, the road lies through an extenfive valley, of a good foil, but thinly inhabited, and interfperfed with wood. The food of the people is wheaten bread and peafe, the latter being ufually made into a foup; and, believe me, that in the courfe of my life I never eat a meal with a higher relish. Vigorous health, indeed, daily labour, and a clear air, will recommend to the appetite worse things than wheaten cakes and peafe-foup. The attempt to ascertain the revenue of a country in which I have been fo curfory a fojourner, would be prefumptuous, I will therefore generally fay, that Siringnaghur is computed to give an annual produce of about twenty lacks of rupees. The officer on the western fide of the Jumna, taxed me in the fum of two rupees; alledging, that being merely a passenger, and unconnected with any traffic from which an advantage would arife to the country, that I was taxable in myself. The fame argument being held as at the Siringnaghur pass, and esteeming myself fortunate at falling under no minuter notice, I paid the fine with pleasure, On the 7th, at Karidah-eight coffes and on the 8th, at Coleroon Coleroon-feven coffes, hamlets of a few houfes. Here two Kashmirians, a Sunaffee,* myself and servant, quitted the kafilah, and on the 9th, arrived at Nhan eight coffes; the refidence of the chief of a territory of the fame name; and who on the day of our arrival, made a public entry into the town after a long absence. A divifion of the Nhan country extends to the southward of the head of the Punjab, and bordering the country of the Sicques, they agreeably to a conduct obferved with all their weaker neighbours, took poffeffion of it. The Rajah armed himself to recover the districts in queftion, but after a defultory warfare in which he acquired much military credit, he was obliged to fue for peace; nor were the conquered lands reftored until he confented to remit a tribute of two thousand rupees to a certain Sicque chief. This fum you will doubtlefs deem trifling, and it is fo in your country, where fpecie is plenty, and the mode of living conformably luxurious and extravagant. But amongst these mountaineers, whofe manners are rude and fimple, who feek for little elfe than the neceffaries of life, which are produced to them in great abundance, this amount is important, and to collect it, requires even oppreffive exertion. THE inhabitants, and the foreign merchants of the town, were laid under a fevere contribution for the maintenance of this war; The name of a Hindoo tribe, chiefly compofed of mendicants; though I have feen a Sunaffee conducting an extenfive commerce. VOL. I. Сс and and the chief having now difcovered the weight which the people can bear, it is probable that he will continue to reap the benefit of the impoft, though the cause is removed. The Rajah of Nhan made an entry into his capital, not as Alexander entered Babylon, but with fome dozen horfemen, forrily clad, and very flenderly mounted. Had they indeed been better equipped, both themselves and horfes would have fhewn to little advantage, after clambering up at least fix miles of a steep mountain, on the summit of which the fmall, though neat, town of Nhan ftands. This chief, a handsome young man, of a bright olive complexion, and taller than the middle fize, was dreffed in a veft of yellow filk, and a red turban; and he was armed with a sabre, a bow, and a quiver of arrows. Though he has made them groan with exactions, he is a great favourite of the people. But he is young, and brave, and he liberally disburses what he extorts. The joy invariably expreffed by the crouds who came to congratulate his safe return, gave me a fenfible pleasure. They faluted him without noise or tumult, by an inclination of the body, and touching the head with the right hand; hailing him at the same time their father and protector. The chief, whilst paffing, spoke to them in terms affectionate and interesting, which, like a stroke of magick, seemed in an instant to erase every trace of grievance. Such were the advantages which pleafing manners and a liberality of temper, joined to the other alluring qualities of a foldier, gave to this prince; and will, unfortunately for their subjects, give to every prince of fimilar endowments endowments on the face of the earth. Would it not be more productive of the welfare of mankind, that instead of these clinquant virtues, a defpotic ruler poffeffed a disposition thoroughly impregnated with vice; that with his tyranny, he united cowardice and envy, avarice and arrogance? The fubjects of fuch a prince, would be the fooner impelled to break the difgraceful yoke, and by a successful example, promote the general cause of civil liberty. A SPECIES of fascination I find has now caught me, and I cannot quit the ground without introducing on it, which I do with a profound reverence for his memory, and entreating forgiveness of his shade for claffing him in fuch company, the illustrious Julius Cæfar, who may be quoted to confirm the truth of the foregoing position. Cato's fuppofed reflection on the character of this hero, concludes with imprecating his virtues, for they had ruined his country. No fact of ancient or modern history, has, perhaps, given more literary pleasure, than the life of Cæfar; nor perhaps is any record of the ancient annals better authenticated. Had that great man restored with peace, the liberty of his country; had Cæfar cherished the fire of the Roman senate, he would have had no parallel on earth. Yet, "if Cæfar did wrong, he fuf"fered grievously for it."-An exemplary humanity, of rare growth in his day, was the native virtue of Cæfar, and is ever the genuine attendant of a great foul. The humane exercise of power throws even a luftre on characters that elfe would deferve our reproach; but it adorns the foldier with unfullied radiancy, and imparts to his laurels a bloom, which otherwife are viewed with horror, and exhibit only a badge of cruelty and rapine. ON the 12th, at noon, I left Nhan, and that evening halting at the village of Saleannah, fituate at the bottom of the hill, and four coffes diftant from the town. In this quarter I first faw, fince I left Europe, the fir tree, and the willow, which, as in our country, delights in hanging over a stream. From the top of the Nhan hill, the plains of Sirhend prefent a wide profpect to the fouth-eaft, fouth, and fouth-weft: the view to the northward is terminated at a short distance by fnowy mountains. Little danger being now incurred from travelling in fmall bodies, as the mountains compofe a barrier against the depredations of the Sicques or other marauders, our party from this place to Bellafpour was fmall. To affift To affift my fervant I had entertained a Kashmirian trader in fmall wares, who accompanied me from Najeb Ghur; and he was at all times a useful and a pleasant companion.. On the 13th. at Sudowra twelve coffès; a village on a high hill of fteep afcent. The road this day led through a woody and mountainous country, abounding, we were told, with a variety of wild beasts. A tyger had newly marked our path with the impreffion of his feet, and being then informed that this creature always attacks animals in preference to men, I immediately dif mounted, and led my poor little horfe. The tyger, and I believe *That fpecies of it called the Scots fir. generally, |