πετάννυμι, “spread out, πετάσω, πετῶ ἐπέτασα [πεπέτακα]

extend

IX. Verbs with tenses derived from other roots.

§ XIV. List of Defective and Irregular Verbs.

353 Roots are distinguished by capitals; poetical words by an asterisk.

Α.

ΑΑ-, “I damage or stultify,” ἄασα, contr. ἆσα, ἀάσθην, ἀασάμην, of which the 3 sing. ἄσατι is used in an active sense, as is also the 3 sing. pres. middle ἀᾶται. Both a's may be made long or short according to the exigencies of the metre.

̓Αγαίομαι* and ἄγαμαι, “I admire,” ἀγάσομαι, ἠγάσθην and ἠγασάμην.

Αγείρω, “I collect,” another form of ἐγείρω, 3 pl. 2 aor. mid. ἀγέροντο, 3 pl. plup. pass. ἀγηγέρατο, lengthened forms ἠγερέθονται, ἠγερέθεσθαι, aor. part. ἀγρόμενος, all with passive significations.

Αγνοέω, “I am ignorant,” epic ἀγνοιέω, fut. ἀγνοήσομαι, according to the grammarians (see Thom. Μ. 7), but ἀγνοήσω in Demosth. (885, 1; 1266, 19), who uses ἀγνοήσομαι as passive (310, 7), 2 sing. aor. iterat. ἀγνώσασκε (above, 331, I, 1, (a)).

"Αγνυμι, “ I break,” root Far- (cf. ῥήγνυμι), fut. ἄξω, aor, ἔαξα, ἐάγην, 2 perf. ἔαγα with pass. signification. Instead of και τάξαις, 2 sing. 1 aor. opt. act. we have καυάξαις = και δάξαις. "Αγω, “ I lead,” 2 aor. ἤγαγον, perf. ἦχα and ἀγήοχα.

Λείδω, “I sing,” contr. ᾄδω, imperf. ήειδον, contr. ήδον, fut. ἄσομαι.

Αείρω, “ I raise,” contr. αἴρω : see αἱρέω.

"Δημι, “ I blow,” takes no augment and retains the η in the dual and plural, and in the derived tenses, e. g. dual ἄητον, inf. ἀῆναι, pass. pres. part. ἀήμενος, imperf. ἄητο, but in the 3 pl. pr. act. ἄεισι (with irregular accent), part. ἀείς. In Homer we have an aorist ἄεσα.

Αἰδέομαι, “I reverence,” fut. αἰδέσομαι, epic αἰδήσομαι, aor. ᾐδεσάμην, ἠδέσθην. There are epic by-forms αἴδομαι, imp.

αἴδετο.

Αἰνέω, “I praise,” fut. αινέσω or αἰνέσομαι, perf. pass. ᾔνημαι, 1 aor. pass. ᾐνέθην. Hesiod, Op. et D. 683, has the Eolic by-form αἴνημι.

Αἴνυμαι, “ I take,” exists only in the pres. and imperf., and the latter has no augment.

Αἱρέω, “I take,” αἱρήσω, 1 aor. pass. ᾑρέθην, 2 aor. act. (from root ΕΛ-) εἷλον. In the middle, αἱροῦμαι signifes “I choose," i.e. take for myself. Distinguish this from deípw or aïpw, “I raise,” for ἀείρω, 1 aor. act. ἄειρα, 3 sing. subj. αέρσῃ, 1 aor. mid. ἠράμην for ἀειράμην, plup. pass. ἄωρτο.

Αἰσθάνομαι, “ Ι perceive,” fut. αἰσθήσομαι, 2 aor. ᾐσθόμην.

Αΐω, “I hear,” only in the pres. and imperf., the latter unaugmented. The Ionic prose writers have the compound èrato with the irregular 3 per. pl. 1 aor. ἐπήϊσαν.

'AK-, “I point," ȧxaxuévos*, pointed.

̓Ακαχίζω*, “ I humble or aflict,” from 'ΑΧ-, aor. ἤκαχον, fut. ἀκακήσω, 1 aor. ἠκάχησα, perf. pass. ἀκάχημαι, ἀκακήμενος οι ἀκηχέμενος, with irregular accent.

Ακέομαι, “I heal, fut. ἀκέσομαι, 1 aor. ᾐκέσθην, with pass. signification.

Ακούω, “I hear,” fut. ἀκούσομαι, 1 aor. ἤκουσα, perf. act. ἀκήκοα, perf. pass. ἤκουσμαι.

̓Αλάομαι, “ I wander,” perf. with pres. signification αλάλημαι,
̓Αλδήσκω, “ I nourish,” from ΑΛΔΕ-, ΑΛΔ-, fut. ἀλδήσω.

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̓Αλείφω, “I anoint, perf. ἀλήλιφα, perf. pass. ἀλήλιμμαι, later ἤλειμμαι, 1 aor. pass. ἠλείφθην, rarer form ἠλίφην.

Αλέξω, “I ward off,” fut. ἀλεξήσω and ἀλέξομαι, 1 aor. mid. ἀλέξασθαι, from ΑΛΕΚ-, ΑΛΚ-, probably strengthened by θι-; comp. αὔξω.

Αλέομαι, “I avoid,” also ἀλεύομαι, 1 aor. ἠλευάμην, inf. αλέασθαι and ἀλεύασθαι. Another form in Homer is αλεείνω.

̓Αλέω, “I grind,” later ἀλήθω, fut. ἀλέσω, Attic ἀλῶ, perf. pass. ἀλήλεσμαι.

Αλ-ίσκομαι, “I am taken,” fut. ἁλώσομαι, 2 aor. ἥλων οι ἑάλων, “I was taken,” infin. ἁλῶναι, part. ἁλούς, perf. ἑάλωκα, ἥλωκα, from 'ΑΛΟ-; comp. ἀμβλίσκω.

̓Αλιταίνω*, “ Ι offend,” fut. ἀλιτήσω, 2 aor. ἤλιτον, part. perf. pass. αλιτήμενος, with deponent signification.

"Αλλομαι, “I leap,” fut. ἁλοῦμαι, 1 aor. ἡλάμην, ἅλασθαι. Hence in Homer ἄλσο, ἀλτο, ἄλμενος for ἥλασο, ἥλατο, ἁλάμενος. ̓Αλφαίνω, “ I find, acquire,” 2 aor. ἦλφον.

Αμαρτ-άνω, “ Ι err,” fut. ἁμαρτήσομαι, perf. ἡμάρτηκα, pass. ἡμάρτημαι (as if there were also a form 'AMAΡΤΕ-), 2 aor. μαρ τον (in Homer ἤμβροτον); the fut. ἁμαρτήσω is Ionic.

̓Αμβλίσκω, “I make an abortion,” fut. ἀμβλώσω, &c., 2 aor. ἤμβλων.

Αμπλακίσκω*, " I fail, miss,” 2 aor. ἤμπλακον, inf. ἀμπλακεῖν, fut. ἀμπλακήσω.

̓Αναίνομαι, “ I deny or refuse,” only pres. and imperf. and the aor. ἀνηνάμην, inf. ἀνήνασθαι.

̓Αναλίσκω, ἀναλόω, “I take up and consume,” fut. ἀναλώσω, aor. ἀνάλωσα, perf. act. ἀνάλωκα, perf. pass. ἀνάλωμαι, 1 aor. pass. ἀναλώθην. Comp. ἁλίσκομαι, which contains the same root, although the quantity of the first syllable differs.

Obs. As the second a in this verb is already long, it receives no augment in the old Attic writers, though ἀνήλωσα appears to have been said in the language of common life.

'Avdávw, "I please," from FAA- with double nasal, imperf. ἥνδανον, ἑάνδανον and ἑήνδανον, 2 aor. άδον, perf. αδα, fut. ἁδήσω. Ανήνοθεν, “ it stands up,” as if derived from the root 'ΑΝΘin ἄνθος.

̓Ανοίγω and ἀνοίγνυμι, “I open,” fut. ἀνοίξω, 1 aor. ἀνέωξα, perf. act. ἀνέῳχα, perf. pass. ἀνέφγμαι, 2 perf. ἀνέῳγα; less frequently ἤνοιξα, &c.

Ανώγω, ἀνωγέω, “I order,” imperf. ἄνωγον, fut. ἀνώξω, 1 aor. ἤνωξα, a secondary verb from an old perf. ἄνωγα*, with a present meaning, pluperf. ἠνώγειν, Ionic ἠνώγεα, imperat. ἄνωχθι and ἄνωγε.

Το Γεγώνω, γεγωνέω, “I speak aloud,” from the old perf. γέγωνα, ήκω from είκα, &c.

μαι, 2 aor. ἀπηχθόμην.

deceive,” 2 aor. ἤπαφον, inf. ἀπαφεῖν, subj.

am hated, fut. ἀπεχθήσομαι, perf. ἀπήχθη

Απούρας*, “ having separated,” and ἀπουράμενος*, “ being deprived," in a passive sense, 1 aor. part. from OTP--ATP-=FAP-, which is also found in ἐπ-αυρίσκομαι, “ I derive advantage from, fut. ἐπ-αυρ-ήσομαι, aor. ἔπηυρον. Comp. also εὑρίσκω.

We have from the same root the imperf. ἀπηύρων, 1 aor. ἀπηύρα*, part. ἀπηύρας, 1 aor. mid. ἀπηυράμην,

Αράομαι, “ I pray,” is regular, except the 2 aor. pass. inf. ἀρήμεναι Hom. Οd. XXII. 322).

̓Αρέσκω, from ̓ΑΡ-, “I please, fut. ἀρέσω, aor. ἤρεσα, aor. pass. ἠρέσθην.

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From the same root in the sense, "I annex" or "adapt" (fut. ἄρσω), 1 aor. ἦρσα*, perf. pass. ἀρήρεμαι, 1 aor. pass. ἤρθην, 2 perf. ἤρηρα, Ionic ἤραρα, Doric ἄρᾶρα, mostly intrans. " to fit, to be fast,” 2 aor. papov. Homer has the participle apăpvia. From åpnpa came ἀράρω and ἀραρίσκω.

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Also in the sense, “ I render favourable,” fut. ἀρέσω*, ἀρέσομαι, aor. ἤρεσα, mid. ἀρέσασθαι.

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Αριστάω, “ I breakfast,” in colloquial Attic had ἠρίσταμεν and ἠριστάναι as 1 pl. and inf. perf. (Athen. x. p. 423).

"Αρνυμαι, “ I gain,” has only the pres. and imp. Αρόω, I plough,” fut. ἀρόσω, perf. pass. ἀρήρομαι.

Αρπάζω, “ I snatch,” has ἁρπάμενος* in the later poets.

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Αὐξάνω, ἀέξω, αὔξω, “ I increase,” fut. αὐξήσω, 1 aor. ηὔξησα, perf. pass. ηύξημαι, aor. pass. ηὐξήθην.

Αϋτέω*, “ I cry out,” fut. αύσω, aor. ἤϋσα.

Αφάσσω, “ I touch,” 1 aor. ἤφασα.

*Αχθομαι, “I am angry,” fut. ἀχθέσομαι and ἀχθεσθήσομαι, 1 aor. ἠχθέσθην.

*Aw*, “I satisfy,” inf. ἄμεναι, contr. for ἀέμεναι, fut. άσω, aor. ἆσα. We have ἄᾶται (Hesiod, Scut. 101), for which it is proposed to read ὦται, “ he satisfies himself.”

B.

Baivw, "I go," from BA-, with affix v and metathesis, fut. βήσομαι, perf. βέβηκα, pl. βέβαμεν, βέβατε, βεβᾶσι, subj. βεβῶ, inf. βεβάναι, part. βεβώς, -ώσα, 2 aor. ἔβην, imperat. βηθι, in com