OUR NAVAL SCHOOLS.

ROYAL NAVAL COLLEGE,

GREENWICH.

The Royal Naval College consists of three principal divisions-viz., the Military, Navigating, and Civil; the Military Division comprises the following ranks :-Naval Cadet, Midshipman, Lieutenant, Commander, Captain, and Admiral. The Navigating Division includes the following :-Navigating Cadet, Navigating Midshipman, Navigating Sub-Lieutenant, Navigating Lieutenant, Staff Commander, and Staff Captain. The Civil Division is sub-divided as follows:-(a) Second-class Assistant Engineers, First-class Assistant Engineers, Chief Engineers, and Inspectors of Machinery afloat; (b) Naval Instructors and Chaplains; (c) Surgeons. Staff Surgeons, and Fleet Surgeons; (d) Assistant Clerks, Clerks, Assistant Paymasters, and Paymasters. The regulations for the examination of cadets of the "Military Branch" are identical with those in force for the 66 Navigating

Division."

Her Majesty having by an Order in Council issued in January, 1873, sanctioned the founding of this College, it was opened on the 1st February, 1873, having been organized for the purpose of providing for the education of Naval Officers of all ranks above that of midshipmen in all branches of theoretical and scientific study bearing upon their profession, the Admiralty being anxious to give to the executive officers of the Navy every possible advantage in respect of scientific education, and for the highest possible education also of others connected with the Navy. The working of the College has so far been most satisfactory, and the results of the year show that the standard of examination is so adjusted as to enable officers of good abilities, who on entering the Navy diligently employ themselves to studying their profession, to obtain their Lieutenant's commission; while, on the other hand, it affords to those who are backward and ignorant on joining the College an opportunity of retrieving lost time and of maintaining their place in the Navy if they earnestly avail themselves throughout the whole period of study of the means afforded them at the College.

Ten private students passed through a course of instruction, nine of the number being foreign officers.

Besides the actual studies thus conducted within the College, a large amount of work connected with the other educational business of the Navy, both in its executive and civil branches, devolves upon the officials of the establishment. Twice in each year entry examinations for Naval cadetships and assistant clerkships are held at the College. The preliminary examinations of candidates for Naval Instructorships and also for Interpreterships are likewise conducted there; and, finally, the papers for the half yearly examination of junior executive officers of all classes of the Fleet conducted on board their respective ships, for the half-yearly exami

nation of the cadets of Her Majestys' ship "Britannia," and for the half-yearly examination of the Dockyard schools, are all prepared and sent from the Naval College, the result subjected to a careful analysis, and the whole collated and reported on exhaustively.

The College, subject to the subjoined Regulations, is open to Officers of the following ranks :-1. Captains and Commanders; 2. Lieutenants; 3. Navigating Officers; 4. Naval Instructors; 5. Acting Sub-Lieutenants and Acting Navigating Sub-Lieutenants; 6. Officers Royal Marine Artillery, Officers Royal Marine Light Infantry; 7. Officers of the Engineer Branch, viz., Chief Engineers, Engineers, Assistant Engineers, Acting Assistant Engineers; 8. A limited number of Dockyard Apprentices will be annually selected by competitive examination, for admission to the College.

A course of instruction at the College will also be open to a limited number of-9. Private Students of Naval Architecture or Marine Engineering; 10. Officers of the Mercantile Marine.

It is not intended to provide at Greenwich for the education of the Naval Cadets.

The number of Students at the College will render it possible not only to carry out instruction by individual tuition as hitherto, but to secure a staff of eminent professors, to arrange lectures and classes, and to provide chemical and physical laboratories, on a scale which has hitherto not been possible in any Naval establishment.

The following are the courses of study:—1. Pure Mathematics, including Co-ordinate and Higher Pure Geometry, Differential and Integral Calculus, Finite Differences, and the Calculus of Variations; 2. Applied Mathematics, viz., Kinematics, Mechanics, Optics, and the Theories of Sound, Light, Heat, Electricity, and Magnetism; 3. Applied Mechanics, including the Theory of Structures, the principles of Mechanism, and the Theory of Machines; 4. Nautical Astronomy, Surveying, Hydrography, with Maritime Geography, Meteorology, and Chart Drawing; 5. Experimental Sciences :— (a) Physics, viz., Sound, Heat, Light, Electricity, and Magnetism; (b) Chemistry; (c) Metallurgy; 6. Marine Engineering in all its branches; 7. Naval Architecture in all its branches; 8. Fortification, Military Drawing, and Naval Artillery; 9. International and Maritime Law; Law of Evidence and Naval Courts Martial; 10. Naval History and Tactics, including Naval Signals and Steam Evolutions; 11. Modern Languages; 12. Drawing; 13. Hygiene-Naval and Climatic.

The general organization of the College is as follows:

A Flag Officer is President; he is assisted by a Captain in the Royal Navy in matters affecting discipline, and in the internal arrangements of the College unconnected with study.

A Director of Studies will, under the President, organize and superintend the whole system of instruction and the various courses of study.

The following changes are introduced in the Regulations as regards the time of study in the case of Officers who are required to attend the College.

(a) The time allowed to Acting Sub-Lieutenants to qualify for their Examination in Navigation for Lieutenants will be extended from six weeks to six months.

(b) Gunnery Lieutenants will be required to pass a term of nine months, from 1st October to 30th June, in the College at Greenwich,

before commencing their practical course in the "Excellent," instead of, as at present, a term of seven months after they have completed it. Officers, on applying to qualify as Gunnery Lieutenants, if they have not already served one year at sea as Lieutenants, will be at once appointed to a sea-going ship, in order to complete the year's service required before they commence their studies.

(c) Successful Candidates for Commissions in the Royal Marine Light Infanty should, before receiving their Commissions, have the advantage of a term of study in the College. They also propose to assign a longer term of study to Officers of the Royal Marine Artillery.

(d) All Acting Assistant Engineers will in future be sent to Greenwich, after leaving the dockyards, for a period of study before their appointment to sea-going ships.

Arrangements have been made for the admission of Naval Engineer Officers to the College, which will prevent time spent at the College from entailing any pecuniary loss upon them.

The School of Naval Architecture at South Kensington will be absorbed in the Royal Naval College, Greenwich. The regulations for the admission of Engineer Students and of Dockyard Apprentices have been so framed as to provide as nearly as possible the same aggregate time for their instructions as that which is now afforded at South Kensington. Further regulations will be issued by their Lordships in regard to the admission of private Students to the course of study at the College on similar conditions to those now existing at South Kensington.

A limited number of Officers of the Mercantile Marine are admitted as Students of the College, enjoying the full advantages of the whole course of instruction and tuition by the Educational Staff, while Officers of the Mercantile Marine generally will, on application, be allowed to attend courses of lectures.

It is expected the College will become, not only an educational estab lishment affording the means of the highest training in theoretical subjects to Naval Officers of all classes, but also a nucleus of mathematical and mechanical science specially devoted to those branches of scientific investigation which have most interest for the Navy.

GENERAL REGULATIONS.

1. Officers and others who are required by regulations to pass through the College will follow such courses of study as may be from time to time prescribed.

2. Officers and others admitted as Students on their own application will, within certain limits, be allowed to select any course of study, and to attend all Lectures that may be given in the Theatre of the College, but a course in Mathematics will be considered indispensable.

3. Officers and others connected with the Public Service, and Officers of the Mercantile Marine, may, on application to the Admiralty, be allowed to attend Courses of Lectures, although not admitted as Students in the College, subject to such regulations as their Lordships may determine.

4. The privilege of attending Lectures may be extended to other classes, if the arrangements of the College will admit of it.

5. The term of study for all Officers, excepting Acting Lieutenants and Acting Sub-Lieutenants, will commence on October 1st in each year, and conclude on June 30th following. Officers will be admitted at the beginning of each Term, excepting those above specified, who, for the present, will enter monthly.

6. The vacation will commence on the 1st July, and terminate on the 30th September in each year.

In addition, leave of absence will be granted for ten days at Christmas and for a week at Easter.

The vacations for Acting Sub-Lieutenants will be six weeks at Midsummer and one month at Christmas.

7. All Officers on full pay will wear their uniform within the precincts of the College.

8. No Officers, unless under exceptional circumstances, will be permitted to rejoin for an additional period of study beyond that laid down in the foregoing Regulations, until after an absence of four years (two of which must have been passed in active service).

9. Captains, Commanders, and Chief Engineers taking advantage of the instruction at the College may reside outside the precincts, if they desire it. All other Officers admitted as Students must occupy rooms in the College, and join the appointed mess, unless special permission is obtained to reside outside.

10. Officers not making satisfactory progress will not be allowed to remain as Students at the College.

11. A Special Examination in the higher branches of study taught at the College will be held at the end of every Term, the most successful competitors in which will receive special rewards as stated below.

This examination will be open to all Officers above the rank of Sub-Lieutenant, but will be entirely voluntary.

The Officer attaining the highest number of marks will be granted 1007. a year for 3 years.

The Officer taking the second place will be granted 807. a year for 3 years, and the Officer taking the third place, 507. a year for 3 years.

12. Arrangements for regulating the courses of study and the relative value to be assigned to each subject in the various examinations, will shortly be promulgated.

13. Honorary Certificates will be given to Officers who are admitted as Students for a course of voluntary study, and who reach a certain standard at the examination on the completion of their course.

14. Officers who have received Honorary Certificates at the College, and Gunnery Lieutenants who have qualified at Greenwich, will be distinguished by the letter G appended to their names in the Navy List.

STAFF OF OFFICERS.

Governor.-The Right Hon. the Earl of Northbrook, G. C.S.I.
President.-Vice-Admiral William Garnham Luard, C.B.
Captain.-Capt. F. G. D. Bedford.

Director of Studies.-Dr. T. Archer Hirst, F.R.S.

Professors of Mathematics.-R. Kalley Miller, Esq., M.A., and Carlton J. Lambert, Esq., M.A.

Professor of Applied Mechanics.-J. H. Cotterill, Esq., M.A.,

F.R.S.

STAFF OF OFFICERS (continued).

Professor of Physics.-A. W. Reinold, Esq., M.A.

Assistant to the Professor of Physics.-J. W. W. Waghorn, Esq., F.R.S. N. A., Engineer, RN.

Professor of Chemistry.-Dr. H. Debus, F.R.S.

Assistant to Professor of Chemistry.-Vivian B. Lewes.

Professor of Fortification.-Captain John L. Needham, R.M.A.

Assistant to Professor of Fortification.-Lieutenant A. T. Down, R.M.A. Mathematical and Naval Instructor, and Lecturer in Meteorology and Naval History.-John K. Laughton, Esq., M.A., R. N.

Instructors in Nautical Astronomy and Navigation.-T. S. Oborn, Esq., R.N.; Wm. T. Littlejohns, Esq., R.N.; T. O'Connor, Esq., M.A R. N.; Rev. J. L. Robinson, M.A.

Instructors in Mathematics.-William Gleed, Esq., B. A.; N. Fletcher; O. B. Martyn, Esq., B.A.

Instructors in French.-Professor C. Cassal; M. Melotte.

Instructor in German.-M. Eugene Oswald, M.A., Ph. D.

Instructor in Nautical Surveying.-Staff-Commander, W. R. Martin.

Instructor in Steam.-John Yeo, Esq., F.R.S. N.A., Engineer, R.N.

Assistant to Instructor in Steam.-Chas. Rudd, R.N.

Instructor in Applied Mechanics.-Thos. A. Hearson, Esq., F.R.S.N.A., Engineer, R.N.

Demonstrator in Physics.-A. Haddon, Esq.

Demonstrator in Chemistry.-R. Cowper, Esq.

Instructors in Naval Architecture.-W. E. Smith and James Cotsell.

Instructors in Marine Engineering.-Various. Professors.

Instructor in Freehand Drawing.-A. Ackland Hunt, Esq.

Medical Officer.-G. W. Armstrong, Esq.

Storekeeper and Cashier.-Francis Huskisson, Esq.

Senior Clerk.-F. E. Raven. Esq. (for Correspondence, &c.)

Librarian.-J. F. Cherry, Esq.

Clerk of the Works.-J. G. Loughborough, Esq.

Curator of Naval Museum.--Mr. Wm. Rees, R.N.

Naval Instructor.-Henry B. Goodwin, Esq., M. A.

For Duties connected with Examinations.

REGULATIONS RESPECTING NAVAL CADETS

ON JOINING H.M.S. "BRITANNIA"

TRAINING SHIP AT DARTMOUTH.

ENTRY AND EXAMINATION OF OFFICERS.

For the Information of Candidates.

Nominations for Naval Cadetships take place half-yearly immediately after the report of the last Examination has been received. 130 cadets are received on board the "Britannia."

An Examination of the young gentlemen who have obtained Nominations is held at the Royal Naval College, Greenwich, under the direction