copyright law, the University of Minnesota Bindery produced this facsimile on permanent-durable paper to replace the irreparably deteriorated original volume owned by the University of Minnesota Library. 2011 INTRODUCTION. AFTER a long and careful consideration of several different modes of carrying out the Archæological Survey of India, the direction of which has been entrusted to my charge, it appeared to me that the most convenient plan would be to begin with those portions of the country where much had already been done by previous explorers, so as to complete, as early as possible, the examination of the better known provinces. Untried and inexperienced archæologists would have the advantage of comparing and scrutinizing the published accounts of their predecessors, and would thus learn more clearly and thoroughly the nature of the work that was required from them, as well as the actual extent of what had been done already. I left Calcutta in the middle of February 1871, and after paying a visit to Jaunpur, to make plans of all the large mosques of the Sharki Kings, I proceeded to Agra, where, in the beginning of March, I met my two assistants, Messrs. J. D. Beglar and A. C. L. Carlleyle. As the cold season was then too far advanced to admit of any field work being carried on with advantage, I thought it best to begin with a survey of the two great capitals of the Mughal Empire, Agra and Delhi, which could be continued, without interruption, during the hot season and rains. To Mr. Carlleyle I assigned the survey of Agra, and to Mr. Beglar the survey of Delhi. Both works were completed in October 1871, and my two assistants were thus ready to take the field early in November. Their reports are herewith submitted. For the working season of 1871-72, I selected the NorthWest Provinces as the scene of operations. For the purposes of the survey, I divided the whole country into three nearly equal sections: all the districts to the north of the Jumna forming the northern or Agra section; those to the west of the Grand Trunk Road running from Agra to Indore forming the south-west or Ajmer section; and those to the east of the road forming the south-east or Bundelkhand section. To Mr. Carlleyle I entrusted the survey of Rajputana, and to Mr. Beglar that of Bundelkhand, reserving the northern section for my own share of the work. Each assistant was furnished with a copy of the following letter of instructions with an illustrative map. The red lines in the map connected places which were known to possess objects of interest, but as many of these places had already been more or less completely described, my assistants were duly warned not to waste their time in doing over again that which had already been done. Thus Mr. Beglar, who was to visit Khajurâho, was told not to make copies of inscriptions or plans of the temples, as these had already been done by myself; each assistant was also furnished with a copy of the reprint of my four previous Archæological Reports, as a kind of guide from which they could learn what still remained to be done. MEMORANDUM OF INSTRUCTIONS. ARCHEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF INDIA. "In the tour which I have sketched out for you during the present cold season of 1871-72, you will have an opportunity of visiting some of the most famous places, and of seeing some of the finest buildings in India. By recent personal communications, as well as by correspondence during the past hot season, you have already learned the nature of the information which you are required to collect. The perusal of my four Archæological Reports, the reprint of which is now in your hands, will also show you what has already been done before, so that the whole of your time and attention may be directed to the acquisition of fresh information, instead of being wasted in doing old work over again. But though I feel that you fully understand the general scope and object of your present employment as an assistant on the Archæological Survey of India, yet I think it will be an advantage to have some of the objects of your research more precisely and fully detailed. I have therefore drawn up the following notes on various points of archæological interest to which I wish you to give your best attention during your present tour. Archæology is not limited to broken sculptures, old buildings and mounds of ruins, but includes everything that belonged to the world's history. From their size and number, architectural remains naturally form the most prominent branch of archæology. This is more especially the .case in India, where, save coins, ruined buildings are almost |