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The hall of audience Balie, whose columns are of the Selátang (a species of lofty nettle), and the beams of Lendang root. The drum Pullut pulut, headed with the skins of lice. The horse Sambaráni*.

The bell Samédro Sámbang háte, whose perfect sound from the left daily summons petitioners to the right of the imperial throne.

The buffalo Sibénoang Sácti. The cock Birang Sangunání. The well Sikatang. The cocoanut Níra Bálie. The black Sanghúdi, which is produced spontaneously. The paddi, Sitanjo Báni, on which his majesty the Eang depertúan feeds at mid-day. The paddi called Sarámpun déndam kamára. The flower Srí, the odour of which extends a day's journey; it is sown, grows up, produces leaves, flowers and brings forth fruit in the space of a single day, and the azure Champaka.

Such form the Sabesáran of the Eang depertúan of Menángkábowe, the Sultan who reposes cradled in the east, and on whose arising from slumber the noubet is sounded. The Caliph of Allah, his majesty the Eang depertúan Sáti.

These are the credentials of the beloved grandson of the Eang depertúan of Paggarúyong.

The bearer of this friendly document must be assisted and well entreated both by sea and land whenever encountered; for the High God hath said, "First set your trust on me, next on MUHAMMED and doubt not."

Do ye, therefore, all our children and grand-children, noblemen, merchants, and nakhodas, agree in standing by and upholding our ancient usages, which have been handed down by our forefathers,

Should this document be brought to Síac, Níla láwan or Patápaán, to Campar kíri or Campar kánan, molest not the bearer by sea or by land. These injunctions extend to Palembang, Indraghiri, to Rogum, to the villages and forests of Tambusai, to Battu Bara, to Pulo Penang, to Malacca, Qèdah, Java, Batavia, Susu, Telabúah, Guttar, and Bencoolen, which is subject to the Company, together with other places on the west coast of Pulo Andalús.

Let us all, therefore, to the utmost of our power, place firm confidence in the great and glorious God, according to our solemn oaths, and the oath " Bisa Gawye" of our ancestors.

Should any person therefore molest the bearer of these, he shall draw down on himself the ban of the Eang depertúan of Paggarúyong; his crops shall fail, and his subjects shall not thrive; but on the other

* The Sambaráni is a fabulous horse, celebrated in Malay romance, generally said to be winged.

hand, whoever receives the bearer with kindness, shall be rewarded with abundant harvests, and increase of subjects, and whithersoever he may go and settle, prosperity shall attend him, whether on the coast of the Island of Púlo Percha or any other place by sea or by land. Oh Lord of lords and Helper of helpers, the most wise God."

II.-Comparison of the Heights of the Barometer, with the Distance of the Moon from the Celestial Equator. By the Rev. R. EVEREST.

[See Proceedings of the Asiatic Society, 6th May, 1835.]

In my last paper, I shewed, that on an average of ten rainy seasons, the daily amount of Rain-fall diminished, as the declination of the moon increased, until it reached between 10° and 15o; but that after that distance, the reverse took place, and the amount of Rainfall increased as the declination increased. The general average of the 10 years for every 5o distance from the Equator gave the following results:

Declination

0°5°10°15° 20°25° from the Equator. Inches of Rain 321 271 -256 ·259 .347

It was but natural to suppose, that the height of the Barometer would vary in a similar manner, or rather the reverse, i. e. as the one increased, the other would diminish, and vice versâ—with this expectation, I made a Table of the heights of the Barometer, as I had before done of the Rain-fall. The 4 P. M. observations were selected from the Registers, as being nearest the time of noon at Greenwich, when the declination of the moon was taken; but I did not at first obtain results so satisfactory as I had expected. On taking the general average of the 10 years, a considerable depression (as much as '040 in.) appeared, when the declination was greater than 20°; but from that to the equator, the heights were irregular, and nearly on a level. But in examining the Registers, for the purpose of making out the tables, I could not help observing, that though all the greatest depressions coincided (or nearly so) with the times of the moon's maximum declination, yet that many of the greatest elevations held a similar situation. The inference of course was, that a principle of compensation was somehow or other at work. I now became acquainted with the opinion of an eminent philosopher, that any elevation of the barometer in southern latitudes must have the effect of producing an equal depression in a corresponding northern latitude. If we only generalize this assertion a little, and say, "that any de

pression in any particular spot must have the effect of producing an elevation somewhere else," then, we may see why in any one place (taking the year throughout) the maximum elevations and minimum depressions on the same days of the moon's courses coincide, &c. But it is straying from the subject, to attempt to reason upon phenomena, while we are as yet only in the threshold of our inquiry.

In pursuance of the idea I have above mentioned, I next took the maximum elevation that occurred in each successive division of 5o of the moon's distance from the equator in each year, and then took the general average of the whole 10 years. I did the same with the minima, and obtained the following General Average.

Declination 20° 15° 10° 5o 0° Equator.
Bar. max. inches 30.032 ⚫033 ⚫026 ⚫026 ⚫022
Do. minima, .. 29.236313 | ·355 *379 ⚫375

These two series of numbers would very nearly form two curves, with their convex surfaces to each other, thus:

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[We are sorry to perceive that the diagram which was copied from the rough sketch in the MS. without advertence to the text, does not faithfully represent the figured statement; but the author's intention will be easily understood.-ED.]

I will now leave this part of my subject, as I shortly expect some further Registers and Nautical Almanacks for comparison, and I will hereafter revert to it more in detail, and make out a Table more at length, shewing the results of each year. I have brought it forward now somewhat prematurely, because from sickness and consequent removal from home, my labours must be suspended for some months, and I am desirous before that happens, to bring forward the following note, which I humbly hope may not be without its use to a large and important class of the community. This was the end which I proposed to myself in commencing a long and laborious investigation, and, if I attain it, in any degree, my purpose will have been more or less answered.

NOTE.

Shewing, that the greatest depressions of the Barometer do not, (as some have conjectured,) coincide with the days of conjunction and opposition of the moon, neither with the days of her perigee, but that they coincide, or nearly so, with the days of her maximum monthly declination.

For Example.

In the ten years of which the barometrical daily changes have been re*The ten years alluded to are: 1823, 1826, 1827, 1828, 1829, 1830, 1831, 1832, 1833, 1834.

gistered at Calcutta, there are (6) six instances in which the barometer has fallen below the height of 29.200 inches.—I here add the dates of each instance, with the heights of barometer and declination of moon three days before, and three days after; also the day of nearest new or full moon. The hour of 4 P. M. has been chosen, as corresponding better than any other to the hour of noon at Greenwich, at which time the declination of the moon was taken.

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1829. June, 21st, noon, Perigee. 30 days, 16 hours, new moon.

Q

Note. The real max. on

15th, at midnight, 26° 16'.

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The declination at noon, 27th, is, 18° 20′ 5′′, and the declination, 27th, at midnight, is, 18° 20' 22'', so that the real maximum is within 1 day, 12 hours of the depression of Barometer.

1833. May, 24th, noon, Perigee. 19 days, 1 hour, new moon.

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The real maximum declination is 22 days, 6 hours, Greenwich time. 1830. May, 20th, midnight, Perigee. 21 days, 19 hours, new moon.

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Note. The greatest depression of barometer occurred at noon on the 26th,

when it stood at 29.008, and reducing this to the level of 4 P. M., by subtracting (087), the average monthly difference between noon and 4 P. M., there is left 28.921 inches for the theoretical height of Barometer at that time. Noon 26th is, of course, by Greenwich time, 25 days, 18 hours, nearly.

1834. August 7th, midnight, Perigee. 4 days, 18 hours, new moon. Barometer.

Moon's Dec.

1st,

2nd,

3rd,

4th,

5th,

Rain.

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The real maximum is on the 2nd, nearly at midnight, or 2 days, 13 hours, Greenwich time.

The Perigee is evidently out of the question. The comparison between the time of conjunction, and that of moon's maximum declination, with the barometric minimum, may be more clearly stated in a table, shewing the distance of each of the former in days and quarters of days from the latter, thus:

Distance of

Time of moon's maximum declination. Time of new moon.
Days. Qrs. Days. Qrs."

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1834, Aug. 3rd,. Making the same allowance as is done in the case of the tides, viz. three day's before, or three days after the event, for a coincidence; all these instances of moon's maximum declination may be considered as coincidences with their respective barometric depressions: it is evident, that the times of conjunction cannot be so considered. We must observe that the only instance of great separation between the time of moon's maximum declination and the barometric depression, was in 1829, when the maximum declination of moon was at its least (not above 18° 20′), and consequently only faintly felt.

It now only remains for us to notice the minor barometric depressions, which have occurred during the same period, and we will first take the minima of the years which were above 29.200 inches. From the increase of rain, which occurs when the moon gets within 10 degrees of the equator, we might have supposed that the next lowest depressions would probably be found there-and this turns out to be the case. I here subjoin the details.

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Nearest new moon, June, 23 days, 22 hours; say 24 days, or 7 days' distance

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