Stream Ecology: Structure and Function of Running WatersRunning waters are enormously diverse, ranging from torrential mountain brooks, to large lowland rivers, to great river systems whose basins occupy subcontinents. While this diversity makes river ecosystems seem overwhelmingly complex, a central theme of this volume is that the processes acting in running waters are general, although the settings are often unique. The past two decades have seen major advances in our knowledge of the ecology of streams and rivers. New paradigms have emerged, such as the river continuum and nutrient spiraling. Community ecologists have made impressive advances in documenting the occurrence of species interactions. The importance of physical processes in rivers has attracted increased attention, particularly the areas of hydrology and geomorphology, and the inter-relationships between physical and biological factors have become better understood. And as is true for every area of ecology during the closing years of the twentieth century it has become apparent that the study of streams and rivers cannot be carried out by excluding the role of human activities, nor can we ignore the urgency of the need for conservation. These developments are brought together in Stream Ecology: Structure and function of running waters, designed to serve as a text for advanced undergraduate and graduate students, and as a reference book for specialists in stream ecology and related fields. |
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Contents
Streamwater chemistry | 24 |
Physical factors of importance to the biota | 52 |
Summary | 81 |
Copyright | |
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Common terms and phrases
abiotic abundance acid algae algal animals aquatic insects assemblage autotrophs bacteria Baetis benthic benthos biological biomass biota biotic brown trout caddis larvae caddisfly carbon changes Chironomidae competition concentrations consumers CPOM cyanobacteria cycle dams densities detritivores detritus diatoms discharge dissolved diversity downstream drift Ecology ecosystems effects energy environmental Ephemeroptera estimated export factors fauna feeding Figure fish flood floodplain flow forest FPOM freshwater grazing greater growth habitat headwater herbivores heterotrophic Hynes important increase influence inputs interactions invertebrates lakes large rivers larvae leaf lotic macrophytes mayfly microbial Minshall nitrogen number of species nutrient occur organic matter oxygen particles periphyton phosphorus phytoplankton plants Plecoptera pools populations predation prey primary production rates reduced regions resource result running waters SAN DIEGO seasonal sediments simuliids small streams stoneflies studies substrate surface taxa temperature tion transport Trichoptera trophic trout upstream uptake variable velocity water column watersheds