thefe Peoples Labour fhall we export whilst we hire "them to fit ftill? The very Alms they receive from us, are the Wages of Idlenefs. I have often thoughtTM "that no Man fhould be permitted to take Relief from "the Parish, or to ask it in the Street, till he has first pur

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chafed as much as poffible of his own Livelihood by "the Labour of his own Hands; and then the Publick "ought only to be taxed to make good the Deficiency. "If this Rule was strictly observed, we should see every "where fuch a multitude of new Labourers, as would "in all Probability reduce the Prices of all our Manufactures. "It is the very Life of Merchandize to buy cheap and "fell dear. The Merchant ought to make his Out-Set as cheap as poffible, that he may find the greater Profit up" on his Return; and nothing will enable him to do this "like the Reduction of the Price of Labour upon all our "Manufactures. This too would be the ready Way to "encrease the Number of our Foreign Markets: The "Abatement of the Price of the Manufacture would pay "for the Carriage of it to more diftant Countries; and "this Confequence would be equally beneficial both to "the Landed and Trading Interefts. As fo great an Ad"dition of labouring Hands would produce this happy "Confequence both to the Merchant and the Gentleinan our Liberality to common Beggars, and every other "Obftruction to the Increase of Labourers, must be equally pernicious to both.

SIR Andrew then went on to affirm, That the Reduction of 'the Prices of our Manufactures by the Addition of fo many new Hands, would be no Inconve nience to any Man: But obferving I was fomething ftartled at the Affertion, he made a fhort Paufe, and then refumed the Difcourfe. "It may feem, fays he, "Paradox, that the Price of Labour fhould be reduced "without an Abatement of Wages, or that Wages " can be abated without any Inconvenience to the La"bourer, and yet nothing is more certain than that "both these Things may happen. The Wages of the "Labourers make the greatest Part of the Price of every "Thing that is ufeful; and if in Proportion with the "Wages the Prices of all other Things fhall be abated, every Labourer with lefs Wages would be still able

M: 3

"to

་་

“to purchase as many Neceffaries of Life, where then “would be the Inconvenience? But the Price of Labour • may be reduced by the Addition of more Hands to a "Manufacture, and yet the Wages of Perfons remain as high as ever. The admirable Sir William Petty has gi"ven Examples of this in fome of his Writings: One of "them, as I remember, is that of a Watch, which I fhail "endeavour to explain fo as fhall fuit my present Purpose. "It is certain, that a single Watch could not be made fo cheap in Proportion by one only Man, as a hundred "Watches by a hundred; for as there is vaft Variety in the Work, no one Perfon could equally suit himself to "all the Parts of it; the Manufacture would be tedious,

and at last but clumfily performed: But if an hundred • Watches were to be made by a hundred Men, the Cafes "may be affigned to one, the Dials to another, the Wheels to another, the Springs to another, and every other Part to a proper Artift; as there would be no need of perplexing any one Perfon with too much Variety, every one would be able to perform his fingle Part with 86 greater Skill and Expedition; and the hundred Watches would be finished in one fourth Part of the Time of the "first one, and every one of them at one fourth Part of "the Coft, though the Wages of every Man were equal. The Reduction of the Price of the Manufacture would "encrease the Demand of it, all the fame Hands would be ftill employed and as well paid. The fame Rule will hold in the Cloathing, the Shipping, and all other Trades whatfoever. And thus an Addition of Hands to our "Manufactures will only reduce the Price of them; the "Labourer will ftill have as much Wages, and will confequently be enabled to purchase more Conveniences of Life; fo that every Interest in the Nation would "receive a Benefit from the Increase of our Working "People.

"BESIDES, I fee no Occafion for this Charity to "common Beggars, fince every Beggar is an Inhabitant "of a Parish, and every Parish is taxed to the Mainte"nance of their own Poor. For my own Part, I cannot "be mightily pleafed with the Laws which have done this, "which have provided better to feed than employ the

Poor.

Poor. We have a Tradition from our Fore-fathers, that "after the first of thofe Laws was made, they were in“ fülted with that famous Song;

Hang Sorrow, caft away Care,

The Parish is bound to find us, &c.

"And if we will be fo good-natured as to maintain them "without Work, they can do no less in Return than fing us The merry Beggars.

"WHAT then? Am I against all Acts of Charity? "God forbid! I know of no Virtue in the Gospel that "is in more pathetick Expreffions recommended to our "Practice. I was hungry and ye gave me no Meat, thirfty and ye gave me no Drink, naked and ye cloathed me "not, a Stranger and ye took me not in, fick and in Prifon and ye vifited me not. Our Bleffed Saviour "treats the Exercife or Neglect of Charity towards a poor Man, as the Performance or Breach of this Duty "towards himself. I fhall endeavour to obey the Will " of my Lord and Mafter: And therefore if an industri

ous Man fhall fubmit to the hardest Labour and coarfeft "Fare, rather than endure the Shame of taking Relief "from the Parish, or asking it in the Street, this is the "Hungry, the Thirfty, the Naked; and I ought to "believe, if any Man is come hither for Shelter against "Perfecution or Oppreffion, this is the Stranger, and "I ought to take him in. If any Countryman of our "own is fallen into the Hands of Infidels, and lives " in a State of miferable Captivity, this is the Man in "Prison, and I fhould contribute to his Ranfom. I "ought to give to an Hofpital of Invalids, to recover 05 as many ufeful Subjects as I can; but I fhall bestow none of my Bounties upon an Alms-house of idle People; and for the fame Reafon I fhould not think it a Reproach to me if I had with-held my Charity from "those common Beggars. But we prescribe better Rules "than we are able to practife; we are ashamed not to 66 give into the mistaken Customs of our Country: But

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at the fame Time, I cannot but think it a Reproach "worse than that of common Swearing, thar the Idle "and the Abandoned are fuffered in the Name of Hea"ven, and all that is facred, to extort from Christian

M 4

" and

• and tender Minds a Supply to a profligate Way of Life, that is always to be fupported, but never relieved.

N° 233. Tuesday, November 27.

·Tanquam hac fint noftri medicina furoris, Aut Deus ille malis hominum mitefcere difcat. Virg.

Shall, in this Paper, difcharge my felf of the Promife I have made to the Publick, by obliging them with a Tranflation of the little Greek Manufcript, which is faid to have been a Piece of thofe Records that were preferved in the Temple of Apollo, upon the Promontory of Leucate: It is a fhort History of the Lover's Leap, and is infcribed, An Account of Perfons Male and Female, who offered up their Vows in the Temple of the Pythian Apollo, in the Forty fixth Olympiad, and leaped from the Promontory of Leucate, into the Ionian Sea, in order to cure themselves of the Paffion of Love.

THIS Account is very dry in many Parts, as only mentioning the Name of the Lover who leaped, the Perfon he leaped for, and relating, in fhort, that he was either cured, or killed, or maimed, by the Fall. It indeed gives the Names of fo many who died by it, that it would have looked like a Bill of Mortality, had I tranflated it at full length; I have therefore made an Abridgment of it, and only extracted fuch particular Paffages as have fomething extraordinary, either in the Cafe, or in the Cure, or in the Fate of the Person who is mentioned in it. After this fhort Preface, take the Account as follows.

BATTUS, the Son of Menalcas the Sicilian, leaped for Bombyca the Musician: Got rid of his Paffion with the Lofs of his Right Leg and Arm, which were broken in the Fall. MELISSA, in Love with Daphnis, very much bruised, but escaped with Life.

CYNISCA, the Wife of

fchines, being in Love

with Lycus; and fchines her Husband being in Love

with Eurilla; which had made this

married Couple

very

very uneafy to one another for feveral Years) both the Husband and the Wife took the Leap by Confent; they both of them efcaped, and have lived very happily toge

ther ever fince.

LARISSA, a Virgin of Theffaly, deferted by Plexip pus, after a Courtship of three Years; fhe ftood upon the Brow of the Promontory for fome Time, and after having thrown down a Ring, a Bracelet, and a little Picture, with other Prefents which fhe had received from Plexippus, the threw her felf into the Sea, and was taken up alive.

N. B. Lariffa, before the leaped, made an Offering of a Silver Cupid in the Temple of Apollo.

SIMATHA, in Love with Daphnis the Myndian, perifhed in the Fall.

CHARIXUS, the Brother of Sappho, in Love with Rhodope the Courtezan, having fpent his whole Eftate up-on her, was advised by his Sister to leap in the Beginning of his Amour, but would not hearken to her till he was reduced to his laft Talent; being forfaken by Rhodope, at length refolved to take the Leap. Perished in it.

ARIDÆUS, a beautiful Youth of Epirus, in Love with Praxinoe, the Wife of Thefpis, efcaped without Da mage, faving only that two of his Fore-Teeth were struck out, and his Nofe a little flatted.

CLEORA, a Widow of Ephefus, being inconfolable for the Death of her Husband, was refolved to take this Leap, in order to get rid of her Paffion for his Memory; but being arrived at the Promontory, the there met with Dimmachus the Miletian, and after a fhort Converfation with him, laid afide the Thoughts of her Leap, and married him in the Temple of Apollo.

N. B. Her Widow's Weeds are ftill to be feen hanging up in the Western Corner of the Temple.

OLPHIS, the Fisherman, having received a Box on the Ear from Theftylis the Day before, and being determined to have no more to do with her, leaped, and efcaped with Life.

"

ATALANTA, an old Maid, whofe Cruelty had feveral Years before driven two or three defpairing Lovers to this Leap; being now in the fifty fifth Year of ber Age, and in Love with an Officer of Sparta, broke her Neck in the Fall,