que aliqua ratione, si possent, tollere, id quod, mihi crede, et agunt et moliuntur. vident, quantum in te sit animi, quantum ingenii, quantum auctoritatis, quantum rei publicae praesidii: sed cum consulari auctoritate et auxilio spoliatam vim tribuniciam viderint, tum se facilius inermem et debilitatum te oppressuros arbitrantur. nam ne sufficiatur consul, non timent: vident in tuorum potestate collegarum fore, sperant sibi Silanum, clarum virum, sine collega, te sine consule, rem 83 publicam sine praesidio obici posse. his tantis in rebus tantisque in periculis est tuum, M Cato, qui mihi non tibi, sed patriae natus esse videris, [videre quid agatur,] retinere adiutorem, defensorem, socium in re publica, consulem non cupidum, consulem, quod maxime hoc tempus postulat, fortuna constitutum ad amplexandum otium, scientia ad bellum gerendum, animo et usu ad quod velis negotium.

XXXIX.

quamquam huiusce rei potestas omnis in vobis sita est, iudices: totam rem publicam vos in hac causa tenetis, vos

agunt] have in view; moliuntur, are working to effect. Cicero is fond of joining these words. Compare ad fam VI 10 § 2 etc. Zumpt.

fore] sc hoc, ne sufficiatur consul: they could stop the holding of an election by their veto. Halm. DIunius Silanus was the other consul elect.

83 non tibi, sed patriae] compare Lucilius incert I commoda praeterea patriai prima putare, deinde parentum, tertia iam postremaque nostra. So Lucan II 383 says of Cato nec sibi sed toti genitum se credere mundo, where the statement is enlarged and distorted by false rhetoric. For the

moral tone of the present passage see Lecky's History of European Morals, vol 1 p 255. Three MSS insert non before mihi, which Zumpt accepts, comparing for the sense thus given de fin II § 45, de off 1 § 22.

videris] seems to have dropped out

before videre. It was restored by Madvig and Klotz, and is now generally accepted.

cupidum] 'greedy,' 'passionate,' after honour or money. Compare pro Fonteio § 22 cupidos moderatis anteferre. Almost = ambitious, as in Hor A P 165 sublimis cupidusque. See also above § 52 cupiditate.

fortuna] compare on § 79. Murena is a well-to-do man, and hence not rerum novarum cupidus.

scientia] so in § 34 summi consilii.

animo et usu] spirit backed by experience.

quod velis]= quodvis.

xxxix quamquam] 'still' (though things look so black). Here Cicero passes on to the epilogus or peroratio of the speech.

in vobis sita est]=penes vos est. Tischer. tenetis] sustain. Compare tenebatur § 58, note.

gubernatis. si L Catilina cum suo consilio nefariorum hominum, quos secum eduxit, hac de re posset iudicare, condemnaret L Murenam, si interficere posset, occideret. petunt enim rationes illius, ut orbetur auxilio res publica, ut minuatur contra suum furorem imperatorum copia, ut maior facultas tribunis plebis detur, depulso adversario, seditionis ac discordiae concitandae. idemne igitur delecti amplissimis ex ordinibus honestissimi atque sapientissimi viri iudicabunt, quod ille importunissimus gladiator, hostis rei publicae iudicaret? mihi 84 credite, iudices, in hac causa non solum de L Murenae, verum etiam de vestra salute sententiam feretis. in discrimen extremum venimus: nihil est iam, unde nos reficiamus aut ubi lapsi resistamus. non solum minuenda non sunt auxilia, quae habemus, sed etiam nova, si fieri possit, comparanda. hostis est enim non apud Anienem, quod bello Punico gravissimum visum est, sed in urbe, in foro-di immortales! sine gemitu hoc dici non potest-non nemo etiam in illo sacrario rei publicae, in ipsa, inquam, curia non nemo hostis est. di faxint, ut meus collega, vir fortissimus, hoc Catilinae nefarium latro

consilio]= bench of judges. Catiline is represented (fingitur) as sitting in judgment on Murena with his fellow-conspirators for jury. eduxit] so in Catil II § 4.

si posset etc] this is quoted by Quint v 10 § 99 as an instance of argumenta ducta a fictione, quod Graeci καθ ̓ ὑπόθεσιν vocant. So Ar Rhet 1 6 § 19 καὶ οὗ τὸ ἐναντίον τοῖς ἐχθροῖς συμφέρει (ἀγαθόν). Compare Iliad I 255 ή κεν γηθήσαι Πρίαμος, Virg Aen II 104 hoc Ithacus velit et magno mercentur Atridae.

rationes] 'his plans.' Compare on § 46; almost ='interest.' pro Planc $ 52.

auxilio] sc consulari § 82.

imperatorum] such as Murena. See on scientia above.

tribunis] such as Metellus. See on § 81.

importunissimus] 'that most savage of cut-throats.' So in Catil II § 12 importunissimum hostem, below § 85. gladiator] compare § 50.

hostis] public enemy.' Emphatic, as in Catil III § 17.

84 resistamus] 'regain our footing.' This rare use is also found in Ennius (quoted in de divin 1 § 41) post ex fluvio fortuna resistet.

apud Anienem] compare Liv xxVI 10. Polybius IX 5 §9, Mommsen, bk III c 6. This was in 211 BC, the distance 3 or 4 miles from Rome.

non nemo] 'one or two.' Certain persons are meant, but not named. Compare Madvig § 493 c, obs.

sacrario] 'shrine' of the people's interests.

faxint] the usual form in solemn wishes. Compare Roby, Lat Gr II 20 § 620.

cinium armatus opprimat, ego togatus, vobis bonisque omnibus adiutoribus, hoc, quod conceptum res publica periculum 85 parturit, consilio discutiam et comprimam! sed quid tandem fiet, si haec elapsa de manibus nostris in eum annum, qui consequitur, redundarint? unus si erit consul et is non in administrando bello sed in sufficiendo collega occupatus, haec iam qui impedituri sint? **** illa pestis immanis importuna Catilinae prorumpet, quae *** minatur: in agros suburbanos repente advolabit; versabitur in urbe furor, in curia timor, in foro coniuratio, in campo exercitus, in agris vastitas; omni autem in sede ac loco ferrum flammamque metuemus, quae iam diu comparantur. eadem ista omnia, si ornata suis praesidiis erit res publica, facile et magistratuum consiliis et privatorum diligentia comprimentur.

86 XL. quae cum ita sint, iudices, primum rei publicae causa, qua nulla res cuiquam potior debet esse, vos pro mea summa et vobis cognita in re publica diligentia moneo, pro auctoritate consulari hortor, pro magnitudine periculi obtestor, ut otio, ut paci, ut saluti, ut vitae vestrae et ceterorum civium consulatis: deinde ego idem vos defensoris et amici officio adductus oro atque obsecro, iudices, ut ne hominis miseri et cum

·

latrocinium] band of brigands.' Compare in Catil I § 31 quodsi ex tanto latrocinio iste unus tolletur.

togatus] in a civilian capacity, opposed to armatus.

periculum] this word is omitted by MS Lag 9.

parturit] compare Phil II § 118 ut aliquando dolor populi Romani pariat, quod iamdiu parturit.

85 redundarint] run over into. For metaphor compare Nägelsb Stil 132.

collega] to take Murena's place. sint] I have here (after Halm) returned to the MS reading. A lacuna follows, and the words to minatur are likewise imperfect.

immanis] after this word Halm

very plausibly conjectures that manus has been lost. Compare pro Sest § 42 Catilinae importunam manum. prorumpet] from the gorges of the Apennines. Halm.

in urbe] the MSS are here also imperfect. Most read castris, which is probably supplied from conjecture, and one has rostris. I have taken Halm's emendation provisionally.

vastitas] 'desolation,' as usual. suis] with its proper means of defence.' Tischer.

xl 86 moneo-hortor-obtestor climax. 'warn'-'urge'-' adjure. ut ne] ut expresses the object in general, ne the negation. Madvig $456.

corporis morbo tum animi dolore confecti, L Murenae, recentem gratulationem nova lamentatione obruatis. modo maximo beneficio populi Romani ornatus fortunatus videbatur, quod primus in familiam veterem, primus in municipium antiquissimum consulatum attulisset: nunc idem squalore et sordibus ** confectus, lacrimis ac maerore perditus, vester est supplex, iudices, vestram fidem obtestatur, vestram misericordiam implorat, vestram potestatem ac vestras opes intuetur. nolite, 87 per deos immortales! iudices, hac eum re, qua se honestiorem fore putavit, etiam ceteris ante partis honestatibus atque omni dignitate fortunaque privare. atque ita vos si Murena, iudices, orat atque obsecrat, si iniuste neminem laesit, si nullius aures voluntatemve violavit, si nemini, ut levissime dicam, odio nec

obruatis]'do not drown the sounds of congratulation still fresh in his ears with the sudden voice of woe.' beneficio] see § 3.

familiam veterem] compare §§ 15,

53.

municipium) Lanuvium, § 90. It was an ancient Latin town among the Alban hills. No distinction was drawn between these old cantonal centres and the coloniae Latinae, save that now and then the latter are spoken of as coloniae to mark their origin. By the Julian law of BC 90 all alike were offered the citizenship. But Lanuvium was conquered in BC 338, and received the civitas sine suffragio. The people became municipes in relation to Rome, ie they bore burdens, such as army-service and the tributum, but had no vote. Compare Mommsen, bk II c 5. At a later time, before the Julian law, they had received the full citizenship. Compare § 42.

squalore et sordibus] compare pro Cluent § 18, and Prof Ramsay's note. Here follows a small

lacuna.

vester est supplex] so pro Cluent $ 200 supplicem vestrum, div in

Caecil 17 supplices vestri, I in
Verrem § 53.

87 hac eum re......ceteris] the double ablative has an awkward air, but the same may be said of § 23 (see note); the real difficulty is that hac re his desire of the consulship, qua=his attainment of it. Tischer well compares Tusc disp II § 43 quod ergo et postulatur a fortibus et laudatur, quum fit, id aut extimescere veniens aut non ferre praesens nonne turpe est? where quod toleranter dolorem pati, but id=dolorem.

honestatibus] honestas is the quality imparted by honores, as we say 'distinction." The plural in this sense seems to occur here only. See §§ 21, 64.

ita] as I describe him,' lacri mis ac maerore perditus etc. s] if, as is the fact,' elrep, as often, especially, as Zumpt remarks, in perorations. Compare § 90, pro Cluent § 200, pro Rosc Am § 153, pro Balbo § 64.

neminem ... nullius ... nemini] a good instance of Latin usage.

levissime] so in Catil I § 17, pro Sest § 145. To make the least of it.

domi nec militiae fuit, sit apud vos modestiae locus, sit demissis perfugium, sit auxilium pudori. misericordiam spoliatio consulatus magnam habere debet, iudices: una enim eripiuntur cum consulatu omnia. invidiam vero his temporibus habere consulatus ipse nullam potest; obicitur enim contionibus seditiosorum, insidiis coniuratorum, telis Catilinae, ad omne denique periculum atque ad omnem invidiam solus 88 opponitur. quare qui invidendum Murenae aut cuiquam nostrum sit in hoc praeclaro consulatu, non video, iudices: quae vero miseranda sunt, ea et mihi ante oculos versantur et vos videre et perspicere potestis. XLI. si-quod Iuppiter omen avertat !—hunc vestris sententiis adflixeritis, quo se miser vertet? domumne ? ut eam imaginem clarissimi viri, parentis sui, quam paucis ante diebus laureatam in sua gratulatione conspexit, eandem deformatam ignominia lugentemque videat? an ad matrem? quae misera, modo consulem osculata filiumi suum, nunc cruciatur et sollicita est, ne eundem 19 paulo post spoliatum omni dignitate conspiciat? sed quid

demissis] so with Zumpt and MS Lag 9 I prefer to read, leaving out the hominibus which follows in most

MSS. The conjecture demissioni animi seems to me clever but superfluous.

pudori] compare §§ 30, 64, 90. spoliatio] the verbal in io as a passive; so § 86 gratulationem. See Nägelsbach § 59.

habere] compare on § 68.

obicitur] 'is exposed to'..., 'at the mercy of'... compare § 82.

opponitur] 'is set to meet.' Compare the play on this word in Catull 26.

88 praeclaro] 'this glorious'... ironical, compare § 22.

miseranda sunt] sc in hoc consulatu.

xli omen] contained in the unlucky word adflixeritis.

quo...conspiciat?] Matthiae well

remarks that this is probably imi. tated from the words of C Gracchus, quoted in de orat III § 214 quo me miser conferam? quo vertam? in Capitoliumne? at fratris sanguine madet. an domum? matremne ut miseram lamentantem videam et abiectam? also loosely quoted in Quint XI 3 § 115. Compare also Eur Med 502-5 and the translation in de orat III § 217.

laureatam] his father was a vir triumphalis, and the wreath on his bust would be renewed in order to receive the newly-elected consul home with rejoicing.

ignominial properly of punishment affecting civil or military position, particularly of the nota censoria. Here of the effect of condemnation under the lex Tullia (compare on § 46), and rhetorically made to extend to the father's bust.