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His longest poetical piece is entitled the "Pains of Imagination," and was delivered at Dartmouth College.

HYMN FOR CHRISTMAS.

In hymns of praise, eternal God!

When thy creating hand

Stretch'd the blue arch of heaven abroad,

And meted sea and land,

The morning stars together sung,
And shouts of joy from angels rung.

Than Earth's prime hour, more joyous far
Was the eventful morn

When the bright beam of Bethlehem's star
Announced a Saviour born!

Then sweeter strains from heaven began-
"Glory to God-good-will to man."

Babe of the manger! can it be?

Art thou the Son of God?

Shall subject nations bow the knee,

And kings obey thy nod?

Shall thrones and monarchs prostrate fall
Before the tenant of a stall?

'Tis He! the hymning seraphs cry,
While hovering, drawn to earth;
'Tis he! the shepherd's songs reply,
Hail! hail Emmanuel's birth!

The rod of peace those hands shall bear,
That brow a crown of glory wear!

'Tis He! the eastern sages sing,

And spread their golden hoard;

'Tis He! the hills of Sion ring,

Hosanna to the Lord!

The Prince of long prophetic years
To-day in Bethlehem appears!

He comes! the Conqueror's march begins,
No blood his banner stains;

He comes to save the world from sins,
And break the captive's chains!

The poor, the sick and blind shall bless
The Prince of Peace and Righteousness.
Though now in swaddling-clothes he lies,
All hearts his power shall own,

When he, with legions of the skies,
The clouds of heaven his throne,

Shall come to judge the quick and dead,
And strike a trembling world with dread

WILLIAM TUDOR, 1779-1830.

THE family of Tudor is of Welsh origin. John, the first of the name in America, came to Boston early the last century. His son William, having graduated at Harvard College in 1769, commenced the practice of law in Boston, and married Delia Jarvis, a lady of refinement and of taste congenial with his own. Their son, William, the subject of this biographical sketch, was born in Boston on the 28th of January, 1779, was educated at Phillip's Academy in Andover, and graduated at Harvard College in 1796. Being destined for commercial life, he entered the counting-room of John Codman, one of the most eminent and successful merchants of Boston, and early established a character of the highest integrity and enterprise, united to a love of letters, which, amid all the turmoil of business, he ever continued to cherish. When he was twenty-one, he was sent by Mr. Codman to Paris, as his confidential agent in a matter of great business interest. After being abroad nearly a year, he returned home, and soon after went to Leghorn, on commercial business. He visited, at this time, France, Germany, and England, and returned to America with his love of letters confirmed. A few of his friends and associates had for some time contemplated the formation of a literary club; he entered warmly into their views, and soon the Anthology Society was formed, of which he was one of the most efficient, as well as earliest, members.'

The Monthly Anthology was begun by Mr. Phineas Adams, a graduate of Harvard, and then a schoolmaster in Boston. The first number, under the title of "The Monthly Anthology and Boston Review, edited by Sylvanus Per-se," was published in Boston by E. Lincoln, in November, 1803. At the end of six months, he gave it up to the Rev. William Emerson, who induced two or three gentlemen to join with him in the care of the work, and thus laid the foundation of the Anthology Club. The Club was regularly organized and governed by rules; the number of resident members varied from eight to sixteen. It was one of its rules that every member should write for the work, and nothing was published without the consent of the Society. The Club met once a week in the evening, and after deciding on the manuscripts that were offered, partook of a plain supper, and enjoyed the full pleasure of a literary chat. The following were the members of the Club, some for a short time only, others during the greater part of its existence: Rev. Drs. Gardiner, Kirkland, and McKean, Professor Willard, Rev. Messrs. Emerson, Buckminster, S. C. Thatcher, and Tuckerman; Drs. Jackson, Warren, Gor

* Mr. Emerson was pastor of the "First Church" in Boston, from 1799 to 1811. It was on his motion, in the Anthology Club, seconded by Wm. Smith Shaw, that the vote to establish a library of periodical publications was adopted; and this constituted the first step towards the establishment of the Boston Athenæum, whose library is now one of the best, and perhaps, next to Harvard College library, the best in the country. While this noble institution endures, it will perpetuate the memory of the "Anthology Club."

In the year 1805, Frederick Tudor, the brother of William, formed the plan of establishing a new branch of commerce, by the transportation of ice to the tropical climates. The plan was, of course, ridiculed by a large portion of the community, but he persevered. William was sent as his agent to the West Indies, and though many obstacles, as might be expected, were encountered, yet the perseverance of Frederick finally triumphed over all. He established the traffic, acquired in it great affluence himself, and created for his country an important branch of commerce, of which he was unquestionably the author and founder. On his return from the West Indies, William Tudor rejoined the Anthology Club, was chosen a member of the Massachusetts legislature for the town of Boston, and, at the request of its authorities, delivered an oration on the 4th of July, 1809. In 1810, he again went to Europe, in the employ of Stephen Higginson, Jr., an eminent Boston merchant, upon commercial business; but returned, the next year, to devote his thoughts to pursuits more kindred to his genius. Indeed, general literature and the political relations of his country now became the exclusive objects of his attention; and to open a field for their successful pursuit he formed, in 1814, the design of establishing the "North American Review," which still continues a noble monument of his industry, intellectual power, and varied learning. In May, 1815, it first made its appearance. Mr. Tudor took upon himself, avowedly, the character of editor, and sustained the work with little external aid. Of the first four volumes, three-fourths are known to be wholly from his pen.

In 1819, Mr. Tudor published "Letters on the Eastern States ;" in 1821, a volume of "Miscellanies;" and in 1823, the "Life of James Otis," a most instructive and interesting piece of biography, which may indeed be regarded as a history of the times. In the same year, he conceived the design of purchasing the summit of Bunker Hill, and erecting thereon a monument commemorative of the battle. Not

ham, and Bigelow; Messrs. W. S. Shaw, Wm. Tudor, P. Thatcher, A. M. Walter, E. J. Dana, W. Wells, R. H. Gardiner, B. Welles, J. Savage, J. Field, Winthrop Sargent, J. Stickney, Alex. H. Everett, J. Head, Jr., and George Ticknor.

This work undoubtedly rendered great service to our literature, and aided in the diffusion of good taste in the community. It was one of the first efforts of regular criticism on American books, and it suffered few productions of the day to escape its notice. The writers, of course, received no pay, they worked in this field for the love of it. The profits of the Review did not pay for their suppers.

It was first issued every two months, and continued thus till December, 1818, when it was changed to a quarterly publication. At the close of the ninth volume, Sept. 1819, the editorship passed into other hands, and with No. XXVI. for January, 1820, called the first of the new series, the 10th vol. begins.

having the means himself, he communicated his views to some wealthy friends, and the result was the organization of the "Bunker Hill Monument Association."

In 1823, he was appointed Consul at Lima and the ports of Peru, the duties of which office he discharged with singular ability. There he remained till, in 1827, he received the appointment of Chargé d'Affaires of the United States at Rio Janeiro. His health, however, did not allow him to repair to his new station till 1828. Here he negotiated with the government a most satisfactory arrangement of indemnity for spoliations on American commerce; so satisfactory that it received the unanimous concurrence of the United States Senate. This was his last public act. He died at Rio Janeiro on the 9th of March, 1830, of a fever incident to the climate.

In William Tudor, the qualities of the gentleman and the man of business, of the scholar and the man of the world, were so manifestly and so happily blended, that both in public conduct and private intercourse his character commanded universal respect and confidence. And when we look at the part he took in sustaining the "Monthly Anthology," at a time when we hardly had any literature of our own; and subsequently as the founder of the "North American Review," and the chief writer of its earlier volumes, we must say that to no one is the cause of American literature more deeply indebted.'

INFLUENCE OF FEMALES ON SOCIETY.

From an accurate account of the condition of women in any country, it would not be difficult to infer the whole state of society. So great is the influence they exercise on the character of men, that the latter will be elevated or degraded according to the situation of the weaker sex. Where women are

slaves, as in Turkey, the men will be the same: where they are treated as moral beings, where their minds are cultivated, and they are considered equals, the state of society must be high, and the character of the men energetic and noble. There is so much quickness of comprehension, so much susceptibility of pure and generous emotion, so much ardor of affection in women, that they constantly stimulate men to exertion, and have at the same time a most powerful agency in soothing the

Read an excellent notice of him in " 'Quincy's History of the Boston Athenæum," to which I am indebted for much of the above notice.

angry feelings, and in mitigating the harsh and narrow propensities, which are generated in the strife of the passions.

The advantages of giving a superior education to women are not confined to themselves, but have a salutary influence on our sex. The fear that increased instruction will render them incompetent or neglectful in domestic life, is absurd in theory, and completely destroyed by facts. Women, as well as men, when once established in life, know that there is an end of trifling; its solicitudes and duties multiply upon them equally fast; the former are apt to feel them much more keenly, and too frequently abandon all previous acquirements to devote themselves wholly to these. But if the one sex have cultivated and refined minds, the other must meet them from shame, if not from sympathy. If a man finds that his wife is not a mere nurse or a housekeeper; that she can, when the occupations of the day are over, enliven a winter's evening; that she can converse on the usual topies of literature, and enjoy the pleasures of superior conversation, or the reading of a valuable book, he must have a perverted taste, indeed, if it does not make home still dearer, and prevent him from resorting to taverns for recreation. The benefits to her children need not be mentioned; instruction and cultivated taste in a mother enhance their respect and affection for her and their love of home, and throw a charm over the whole scene of domnestic life.

CHARACTER OF JAMES OTIS.

James Otis was one of the most able and high-minded men that this country has produced. He was, in truth, one of the master spirits who began and conducted an opposition which at first was only designed to counteract and defeat an arbitrary administration, but which ended in a revolution, emancipated a continent, and established, by the example of its effects, a lasting influence on all the governments of the civilized world. He espoused the cause of his country not merely because it was popular, but because he saw that its prosperity, freedom, and honor would be all diminished, if the usurpation of the British parliament was successful. His enemies constantly represented him as a demagogue, yet no man was less so; his character was too liberal, proud, and honest to play that part. He led public opinion by the energy which conscious strength, elevated views, and quick feelings inspire, and was followed

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