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METEOROLOGICAL JOURNAL kept at Clapton, in Hackney, from the 19th of June to 20th July, 1810.

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OBSERVATIONS.

June 19. The Sky quite spotted with Clouds of the modification of Cirros

stratus.

28. Early in morning Cumuli observed floating at different altitudes about 11 P. M. a very hard Thunder Storm came on.

July 1. Rain and Lightning continued through the night.

7. Spotted Cirro-strati of blackish colour seen to N.W. about sun-set,

s. Cirro-strati, succeeded by Storms.

12. Clouds appear mountainous and electric, with drops of Rain.

16. Fleecy cumulous Clouds floating beneath Cirri.

18. Fine towering Cumuli, and rather windy!

19. Spotted Clouds before the Moon.

The Hygrometer still continues of little or no use, the Air remaining dry, notwithstanding the Rain.

Clapton, July 22, 1810.

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THOMAS FORSTER.

Esq. of the Mountains, married the daughter of the eldest son of the first Earl of Mulgrave. Although he is extremely correct in many of the. points upon which he has touched, I must beg to say that he is here mis informed, for I have now before me a very long pedigree of the Sheffields, and it plainly appears that the eldest

son of the first Earl had no daughters whatever, but an only son, Edmund, second Earl, and father of John the first and great Duke of Bucks. I have, for the satisfaction of your Correspondent, copied the Pedigree alluded to, beginning for the sake of brevity at Sir Robert Sheffield, who was born in the year 1166 (12 Henry II.) one hundred years after the Conquest. I have omitted no person, whether male or female, that W. may be enabled to rectify his error, and to discover from what other branch of this illustrious house the family he mentions may derive their descent.

Sir Robert Sheffield was born 1166 (12 Henry II.), married Felix, daughter of Terneby, Esq. and had Robert Sheffield, Esq. whose wife was Agnes, daughter and coheiress of Sir Simon Gower, and by her he had Sir Robert Sheffield, who in the reign of Edward I. married Janet, daughter and coheiress of Alexander Lownd, of Butterwick; he had by her a son, Sir Robert, whose wife was Eleanor, daughter and heiress to Thomas Burr ham, Esq. and was succeeded by Robert, his son, who, marrying Catherine, daughter and coheiress of Sir Robert Beltoft, had Robert, whose wife was Margaret, daughter to Sir Thomas Staunton, of Yorkshire, and by her had Robert Sheffield, Esq. who married the daughter and heiress of Sir Ulster Moyne, and had Robert, his son and heir, who in 1486 (2 Henry VII.) was one of the commanders of the King's army against the Earl of Lincoln and his adherents in the battle of Stoke near Newark, where he had the honour of that victory. He was afterwards Speaker of the House of Commons, and Recorder of London, being then Sir Robert Sheffield. He married Helen, daughter and heiress of Sir John Delves, and had Sir Robert Sheffield, who married Margaret, daughter of Sir John Zouch, of Codnor, and had Edmund, who in the first of Edward VI. was advanced to the dignity of an English Baron, by the title of Lord Sheffield of Butterwick. This valiant and loyal nobleman attended the Marquis of Northampton in order to suppress an insurrection at Norwich, and was there unfortunately slain. This Lord Sheffield married Lady Anne Vere, daughter of John, fifth Earl of Oxford, and left John, second Lord Sheffield, and

three daughters; Frances, the wife of

Metham, Esq.; Eleanor, who married Denzil Holles, Esq. second son of Sir William Holles of Houghton, Notts; and Elizabeth. The second lord died 1568 (11 Eliz.) leaving issue by his wife the Honourable Douglas Howard, daughter of William Lord Howard of Effingham, Edmund his son and heir, and Elizabeth, married to Thomas Earl of Ormond. This Edmund, third Lord Sheffield, was born circiter 1556, and, in the 25th Eliz. was one of the English Lords who, by that Queen's express desire, attended the Duke of Anjou to Antwerp, and anno 1588 (31 Eliz.) was in the sea-fight against the Spa niards (who then threatened to invade England) and for his valiant deportment was knighted by the Lord Admiral. He was afterwards elected Knight of the Garter in the same Queen's reign, and constituted President of the Council for the Northern parts of England. By Charles I. he was advanced to the dignity of the Earldom of Mulgrave.

His Lordship was twice married; first to Ursula, daughter of Sir Robert Tyrwhit, and secondly to Marianna, daughter of Sir William Urwyn. By these two ladies he had nine sons and eleven daughters. Of the daughters, 1. Elizabeth, married Sir Edward Swift, and afterwards Sir John Bourchier. 2. Mary, married the Honourable Sir Ferdinando Fairfax, son of Lord Fairfax. 3. Frances, married the Honourable Sir Philip Fairfax, brother of Sir Ferdinando. 4. Triphema, to George, younger son of Sir Hugh Verney and there were seven others.

His Lordship's eldest son dying vitó patris, the title went to his grandson Edmund, the second Earl. The line of all the other eight sons failed, excepting one, who was born 1606, and, marrying 1630, had Joseph Sheffield, Esq. born 1632 (7 Car. I.) who, marrying an heiress 1658, had Elizabeth, born 1659, who in 1689 (1 Will. and Mary) married Stephen Cassan, Esq. of Maryborough, Queen's County, who changed the name of his antient family estate to Sheffield; and from this marriage the Cassans still seated there are descended in a direct line.

Edmund, second earl above-mentioned, married Lady Elizabeth Cranfield, daughter of Lionel Earl of Middlesex, and died 1658 (9 Jac. II.) leav

ing John, third Earl, who was installed Knight of the Garter, and soon after made a Gentleman of the Bedchamber to Charles II.; Colonel of the old Holland regiment; Governor of Hull; and Commander of the Forces off Tangier. In the first of James II. he was sworn of the Privy Council, and afterwards made Lord Chamberlain of the Household. He was likewise one of the Privy Council to William III. and in the ath William and Mary created Marquis of Normanby. In the first of Queen Anne he was made Lord Privy Seal, and the next year, 1703, created Duke of Buckinghamshire. He was one of the Commissioners to treat of an Union with Scotland; one of the Privy Council; Lord Lieutenant and Custos Rotulorum of the North Riding of Yorkshire and one of the Governors of the Charter-house.

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His Grace married first, Ursula, daughter of Colonel Stawell and widow of the Earl of Conway, but had no issue he married secondly, Lady Catherine Greville, eldest daughter of Fulk Lord Brook, and widow of Baptist Noel Earl of Gainsborough; but by her he had no issue: he married thirdly, Catherine, widow of the Earl of Anglesey, and daughter of James II. (sister of Queens Mary and Anne) by Catherine Sediey, Countess of Dorchester; by this lady, among other children who died young, he had Edmund, born 1716, seventh Lord Sheffield of Butterwick, fourth (not fifth, as erroneously stated) Earl of Mulgrave, and second and last Duke of Buckinghamshire. He died at Rome in 1735, aged 19, and with him the honours became extinct.

The lines of Swift, Bourchier, Fairfax, and Verney, all failed; and if any descendants still exist besides those from Joseph Sheffield, Esq, (which I am by no means disposed to deny) they must proceed, I should suppose, from those females whose marriages I have been unable to enumerate: but this is mere matter of conjecture.

It was only Mr. Price's wish to lay before your Readers some information relative to that truly noble and shining character, John D. of Bucks, and his writings; but he was by no means prepared to enter the lists on genealogical points. As you have done him the favour of noticing the

brief Memoirs he sent you, and as he is now disabled from replying to your Correspondents, he trusts you may not let the subject farther occupy your attention or your valuable pages. Yours, &c. PETER D. ELLIOTT.

My

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ARCHITECTURAL INNOVATION.
No. CXLVII.

HAPPY, thrice h. ppy, is the hour that brings the joyful tidings! constant defence in the cause of Antiquities is not in vain. The Rev. Mr. Bingley, LXXX. 517, thus confesses: "The papers of the Architect were, in some measure, a means of instigating me to enter upon the task of endeavouring to restore the longneglected beauties of the interesting Church of this parish" (Christ Church, Hants.) An hour that renews all my ardour, if indeed such feeling was in any wise depressed; and I now turn again to repel the assaults of "Amateur" with no common degree of confidence. I am an Englishman; and an admirer of the arts of my own Country !

"Amateur :" (LXXX. 523).—I am not disposed to give up my reliance upon Mr. Moore's authority, in regard to dates, therefore Durham with me, in point of opinion, stands where it did.

With respect to the dispute about St. Denys, this matter will very soon be decided, as the four Views of that Church, pow engraving under the patronage of Major Anderson, are about to be submitted to the Publick. The West front, and South side, are already executed by that masterly hand, Howlett; the East front, and interior from West to East, bid fair for completion by the same ingenious Artist; then for the mighty claim of French "superiority!" As for the monuments of Dagobert and Lady Percy, 1 brought them into comparison for no other reason (naugre my want of "candour and veracity,) than to make plain that English Artists could do something in their profession in the way of Sculpture and decoration; and I rather suspect the magnified Dagobert's memorial is not a work of the date alleged, “ the thirteenth century," but of a far later period, as it is not uncommon in Sepulchral history to find the cenotaph of a deceased character erected or renewed over his relicks, long after his passage from this transitory life. See the tombs of King Athelstan, Malms

bury;

bury; and King Osrick, Gloucester; both works allowed to be done in the fifteenth century. I likewise tacked together Notre Dame and salisbury, merely to shew, that in England we had a Church to be "admired" also, with respect to windows" and "columns." I mentioned nothing about dates, or comparative styles, &c. Hear, once more, good Mr. "Amateur," ""Five ailes;" Galilee, at Durham, Salisbury cathedral, Chichester cathedral, St. Helen's church, Abingdon, &c. At the mention of Litchfield Cathedral, I am again under the standard of Mr. Moore's list, date 1140. The principal features of the West front go with that date; later particulars certainly have been introduced. But "Amateur" seems to tremble in finding an engraving of this our Cathedral is forthcoming in this Miscellany; therefore he does well beforehand (to advance his purpose) in endeavouring by every literary slight to bring down under his foot my "fifty years' experience," and my many thousand sketches." I will notice to my Readers that, during the whole of this Controversy, "Amateur" sedulously turns aside from any thing like professional detail of building against building, with regard to design, and arrangement of parts. No, no; let him, as I have hinted before,

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beware of that " In this "Amateur" condescends to accord with my "ideas." What becomes of my opponent's "fairness of discussion ;" and who is now guilty of a "paltry fraud," when he, in bringing forward my citations about English Portals, ouly instances that of Winchester, when I had listed together York, salisbury, Winchester, Exeter, and lastly, the astonishing one of Peterborough-West Front of York Cathedral. What then, "Amateur" in some sort, (though much against his will) a lows the palm of victory to York Cathedral, as being superior to that of Rheims? Is then the man's anti-national prepossession about to humble itself, his proud stomach, big with the glory of French "superiority" in Art, coming down? Happy, thrice happy, is this hour; my reward for labours past is near at hand, and I am comforted!

POINTED STYLE, &c.
(continued.)

Wells Cathedral; date, Thirteenth

Century. After Salisbury, we naturally turn to Wells, in the survey of their West Ironts; many variations in the latter take place, yet not so much so, but there is great similitude existing between them. In Wells, however, the arrangement of the decorations is become more splendid and more refined; a higher degree of elegance is every where brought out; the principal, or West window story, is of a nore lofty elevation; the columns in higher relief, and shew enriched grounds; the spandrels to the arched heads of the compartments, with their pediments enriched likewise, and those several other compartments, 'containing numerous basso-relievo's, which, with the niches themselves, filled with the finest whole length statues, both of religious and costumic interest, form altogether a scene of splendour almost without parallel. As for the two Towers, right and left, continued up from the main body of the front, they are of Tudor workmanship.

The Interior. In the Western part, or nave, the lines, though much after the Salisbury manner, seem to lose some ground in competition for grandeur in respect to the work of the gallery story; for while Salisbury teems with an infinity of coluinns, Wells bears on its course only architraves, thick set with mouldings. The capitals, as well external as internal, indeed seem to be the most material deviation from those of Salisbury, as they are charged with much tiorid ornament, while those in the latter Church are but partially and sparingly introduced. I shall not in this place bring in, by way of argument, the choir division of the building it appears to have undergone at some late period considerable alterations, as the galleries are over-worked with most elaborate decorations, in buttresses, arches, pinnacles, and rich compartments to the spandrels of the groins, &c.

Westminster Abbey Church; date, 1269. Unlike Salisbury and Wells, here is no West Frout; cither with regard to date or workmanship (the present front Tudor work) to come in proof, so as to illustrate the Architecture of this period; therefore we are directed to the more Eastern divisions of the North exterior of the pave. The most obvious change from Salisbury,

Salisbury and Wells takes place in the windows, which consist of one opening, containing a combination of mouldings, formed into mullions and tracery, simple of themselves, yet evidently combined together so as to produce the geometrical and allusive figure, Three in One. The buttresses rise the whole height of the elevation, done into three stories, with flying arches or bows springing from them, so as to be attached, and give sufficient security, to the nave in its upper story, affording at the same time a charming effect in the profile view of the building. The niches in the buttresses are like those of the former structures, though of a more simple cast. We have now before us an arrangement, which may be called new in this stage of our endeavour to advance the Rise and Progress of the Art, and is perhaps without example; it is the external range of the gallery story, made out with a series of windows, each with one opening, containing curious tracery, conjoined into the allusive form, Three in One. Battlements are introduced, but I apprehend they are of a date subsequent to the rest of the work. The general appearance in the lines of the elevation is of a simple turn, yet evidently possessing much chastity of design; while its extreme loftiness, accompanied with the unique gallery story, renders the whole at once grand, and of the most imposing character. And while we yet view its leading features with high gratification, we may soon have to lament some rueful metamorphose, in the premeditated restorations about to be entered upon at this side of the fabrick. What has been lately done, and is now doing, on Henry's Chapel, strengthens all our fears; fears which will ere long be general, when John Carter brings forth his Survey of the new work thereon devised and performed; Survey hitherto held back for reasons, we may be assured, at once politic, and of the first Architectural import.

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The interior, in the more Eastern divisions of the nave, partakes in the most scientific manner all the properties of the exterior, differing from, Salisbury and Wells also in many essential points; such as the clusters of columns, which are found to be nearly one combination of compact materials, as most of the smaller co

lumns disposed round the centrical one are but of a three quarter projection, while the others, from their very imperceptible detached position, seem with the rest all of the same solid piece of masonry. Bands, dividing the several heights of the columns, are still resorted to. The arches to the ailes of the nave become very acute, and the spandrels to the arches themselves, and those to the galleries, are filled with small ornameuted squares (such kind of squares before noticed on the basement of the West Front of Dunstable Church.) The gallery, to speak of it in particu lar, is beautiful indeed, made out in arches, columns, tracery, in the Three in One; and I earnestly hope it will not be thought " prejudice" with me in this instance, when I maintain, that the interior of Westminster is the sum of all Architectural excellence! As I have often confessed that within its walls I first imbibed my early professional predilections, it perhaps may account for this my stubborn national habit, and my being so staunch an anti- Whittingtonist. Although in our Westminster interior the parts are not profusely lavished, yet they are most judiciously and aptly disposed; a kind of magic influence pervades the Pile, which, to a right-moulded English heart, must ever give the most just and firm impression of that which constitutes perfection, in spite of the boasted superiority" of St. Denys. But I will not anticipate Major Anderson's Views; they will aid my cause more than tongue can plead, or mind diétate. I wait the issue, and I am calm *.

་་

Throughout the Progress of the Pointed Style, as thus far adduced, one series of mouldings, ornaments, contour of statues, and other the like particulars, seem to have prevailed with little or no variation; at least the transitions have been so slow and imperceptible, that, although the great outline of the Art has expressed many and important alterations, these their smaller characters passed on in regular and uniform shew-a pleasing train, replete with fair instruction and with true delight.

AN ARCHITECT, (To be continued.) *Divisions, both externally and inter nally, engraved in Antient Architecture.

Mr.

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