sence of colloid matter does not render them less harmless. 3rd. Those which from the commencement are composed of colloid matter alone, and which must be regarded as nonmalignant.

1. Cystic or colloid, in combination with scirrhus or medullary cancer.-Its most common seat is the breast (but it may occur in any other part of the body), and once fully established, is most unmistakable, from its large size, the rapidity of its growth, and a peculiar elastic feel indicating fluid confined. A scirrhus or medullary cancer, having for some time progressed in the ordinary manner, suddenly commences to enlarge rapidly; the skin becomes highly vascular, shining, and tense. This change is caused by the presence in the tumour of one or many cysts, generally containing serum of a pale straw colour, sometimes tinged with blood and even pus, at others thick and jelly-like; it may be colourless or of a green tinge, and is often quite opaque. The breast may continue enlarging without ulceration, until it attains the weight of twenty pounds or more, becoming, as may well be conceived, a most dreadful burthen to the patient. Sooner or later, these cysts burst through the skin, and discharge in one, more frequently in many places, and an immense sloughing ulcer is the result.

2 & 3. These varieties are rarely curable without operation; they are generally very slow in their progress, and often remain for years without inconvenience, except from their size and situation. Their removal is mostly an easy business and an effectual cure.

1. Lupus exedens, called also herpes exedens, rodent ulcer and noli me tangere. This is a disease almost as terrible as cancer, and equally malignant; its most frequent seat is the face. near or upon the alæ of the nose. Lupus is generally regarded as a skin disease, but this variety of it, although perhaps confined to the skin at first, afterwards attacks the deep-seated structures. The end of the nose, or some part of the face, first swells, with a bright red shining appearance; tuberculated points soon appear projecting from the surface, presenting even a more highly inflamed appearance than the previous swelling. The disease may remain in this condition for a long period, sometimes better, sometimes

worse, the patient not being fully aware of the really awful nature of the complaint. But the surgeon well knows, that sooner or later the disease will assume an activity terrible to contemplate. Active ulceration commences, and from this time all the adjacent structures yield to its destroying influence. The nose is gradually eaten away, the lips follow, tooth after tooth falls from the jaw, from the depths of the cavernous-like ulcer, dead and putrid pieces of bone come away. The victim is selected, all

must succumb. The nose and mouth are but as one hideous cavern, the eye drops from its socket; the poor sufferer calls upon his Maker to take him; his prayers are heard, his agony is done; for welcome Death has made him his own.

2. Lupus non exedens, called also herpes. This variety is a severe form of skin disease; it particularly attacks scrofulous children, and delicate persons in after life. It commences by the appearance of one or more shining red tubercles; others soon follow; these coalesce and ulcerate, spreading over the surface of the face, one part healing while another is being attacked; and should the disease not be arrested, most dreadful deformity is caused by the cicatrices and puckerings produced, by the constant ulceration and repair going on. It is a disease very difficult to

cure.

CHAPTER III.

NON-MALIGNANT TUMOURS, ETC., THAT MAY BE MISTAKEN FOR CANCER.

1. Keloids.

2. Adenoids.

3. Simple Hypertrophy.
4. Hematic Tumours.
5. Abscesses.

6. Fatty Tumours.

1. Keloids.-These tumours, although decidedly non-cancerous, are very tedious and difficult to cure. They partake more of the character of fibrous tumours, and seem to fill up the gap between them and true scirrhus cancer. They are usually found in old cicatrices, particularly those of burns, but may be seen in parts otherwise perfectly healthy and uninjured. As a primary disease, they first appear in the form of a small wart or hard plate, situated in the