It is a

Grows wild in many parts of England. hardy perennial, and easily propagated by parting the roots early in spring.

Both the leaves and flowers of the chamomile have a strong, though not ungrateful, smell, and a very bitter nauseous taste. The flowers possess the stomachic and tonic qualities usually ascribed to simple bitters. A watery infusion of them is frequently used for the purpose of exciting vomiting, or for promoting the operation of emetics. They are very generally used in emollient decoctions, to assuage pain, and externally as fomentations.

8. CLARY.-SALVIA.

A native of Italy and Syria, and long known in the English gardens, where it is a hardy biennial. It is easily raised from seed, which should be sown in March, in any bed or border of common earth.

Clary was formerly much used in cookery; but it is not now in much repute. A wine is sometimes made from the herb in flower, which has a flavour not unlike Frontigniac.

A native of the southern parts of Europe and of China. It is a hardy annual, and propagated from seeds sown in autumn, in an open situation. on a bed of good fresh earth.

The dried seeds of coriander have a tolerably

grateful smell, with a moderately warm and slightly pungent taste. They are carminative (soothing or softening) and stomachic; and are commonly sold by the confectioners encrusted with sugar.

10. CUMIN. - CUMINUM.

A native of Egypt and Syria. It is cultivated for sale in Sicily and Malta, whence the rest of Europe is supplied with the seeds. They have an aromatic, warm, and bitterish taste, with a strong, but not disagreeable, smell; and contain a large quantity of essential oil, and are supposed to possess a carminative and stomachic power. The Dutch are said to put them into their cheese, and the Germans into their bread. In England this herb is a hardy annual, and but little cultivated for use.

Grows wild among the corn in Spain and Portugal. It was first cultivated in this country in 1597; and may be produced by sowing the seeds soon after they are ripe, in any light soil.

The seeds of dill have a moderately warm pungent taste, and an aromatic smell, but not of the most agreeable kind: they were formerly much used in medicine, but are now seldom employed. They are sometimes put into pickles to heighten the flavour, particularly of cucumbers.

12. FENUGREEK.

FOENUM GRÆCUM.

Native of the south of Europe. A hardy annual; and propagated from seed, which may be sown any

time in spring. The seeds of fenugreek are generally brought to us from the northern parts of France and Germany. They have a strong disagreeable scent, and were formerly used in softening fomentations; but are now nearly exploded.

13. FEVERFEW.

MATRICARIA.

A native of cultivated or waste ground throughout Europe, springing up abundantly with us in neglected gardens or court-yards. It is biennial and very hardy. The plants are raised from seeds, which should be sown about March, upon a bed of light earth, and afterwards transplanted to some distance apart.

Feverfew has long been employed for medical purposes; its virtues are stomachic and tonic. It has been successfully given in hysteria, and is a medicine of considerable activity.

14. HOREHOUND. - MARRUBIUM.

Common in various parts of England, on waste ground, and among rubbish, in hot, dry, and dusty situations. The plant is annual, and may be raised by sowing the seeds in any of the spring months.

The leaves have a moderately strong smell of the aromatic kind, but not agreeable: their taste is very bitter, penetrating, and durable in the mouth. This herb was much extolled by the ancients for its efficacy in removing obstructions of the lungs. It has been chiefly employed in humoral asthmas, obstinate coughs, and pulmonary consumptions. Its use is also said to be beneficial in affections of the

liver. Lozenges, made of the juice of this herb and sugar, are esteemed good for colds. Though horehound possesses some share of medicinal power, its virtues do not appear to be clearly ascertained, and it is now rarely prescribed by physicians.

A native of the south of Europe. It was cultivated in this country by Gerard, in the year 1.596. This plant being perennial, is easily propagated by sowing the seeds in a border of light mould, in the spring season, or by slips, and cutting and parting the roots.

The whole plant has a strong aromatic scent, and the leaves and flowers are of a warm pungent taste; they are sometimes reduced to powder, and used with cold salad herbs. Hyssop has the general virtues ascribed to aromatics, and is recommended in asthmas, coughs, and other disorders of the lungs.

The young leafy shoots and flower-spikes are usually employed, being cut as they are wanted. The flower-stems may be cut during the summer, and tied up in bunches for use.

Is a very hardy plant, and a native of the south of Europe. It may be readily increased by planting slips or cuttings of the young shoots in the spring.

The common lavender is said to have been cultivated in England previously to the year 1568.

The fragrant smell of the flower is well known, and to most persons is very agreeable: to the taste it is bitterish, warm, and somewhat pungent; the leaves are weaker, and less grateful. The flowers are often employed as a perfume, and medicinally as mild stimulants and corroborants, in several complaints, both internally and externally. They are also sometimes used in the form of a

So called from its many excellent qualities. It grows plentifully in salt marshes, and on the banks of rivers and ditches in several counties in England, or near the coast of Cornwall, Holland, France, and other countries. It is perennial, and may be easily propagated by parting the roots in autumn.

Marsh-mallow abounds with a glutinous juice, with scarcely any smell or peculiar taste. The dry roots, boiled in water, give out half their weight of gummy matter. The leaves afford scarcely one fourth, and the flowers and seeds still less. The mucilaginous matter is the medicinal part of the plant, and it is commonly employed for its emollient and demulcent qualities. Althea was formerly in great repute in many complaints; but is now only principally employed in the form of a

syrup.