252. The Interrogation, (3) indicates a pause, equal to the Colon, or Period, according to circumstances. It is generally used as a sign of asking questions: though sometimes, it is one of the strongest modes of affirmation. 1. Can you see? 2. Can you hear? 3. Can you taste? 4. Can you smell? 5. Can you feel? 6. Who are you? 7. What are you doing? 8. Where are you going? 9. What is your destiny? 10. Who made you? 11. Of what are you thinking? 12. Whom do a love? 253. Among the examples above, are, the first five questions, that are direct: because they admit the answer, yes, or no; all such interrogations require the voice to glide upward, in asking them; the last seven questions are indirect; because they do not admit the answer yes, or no; all such interrogations require the voice to glide downward, in asking them. You can test the theory thus: Can you see? Yes; or no. Who are you? Yes; or no. The former-makes sense; the latter nonsense. Can you hear? Yes. Can you taste? No. What are you doing? Yes. Where are you going? No. However, it will be seen hereafter, that the slides of the voice, up, or down, may be reversed-in every instance, and yet make good sense. 254. Direct Question in reference to our Living Temples. Is not the house, in which we live, a very curious building? Can we conceive of any form-more beautiful than the human form, when it has not been perverted, or deformed? Who knows best, we, or our Creator, what is the proper shape in which we should be? Can we mend his works? Is any thing beautiful-that is not useful? Were we not made right, and have we not, in a measure, unmade ourselves? Is not OUR HOUSE a very convenient one, and its furniture admirably adapted to the wants of its occupant? Would it not be well-frequently to take a view of the form, covering, apartments, furniture, employments, uses and abuses of this wonderful house of ours? Proverbs. 1. Manifest no erellement, when a mistake is made. 2. Be sincere-in your professions of friendship. 3. Cultivate a pure heart, and you will have a pleasant countenance. 4. Never speak to the disadvantage of any one, unless duty requires it. 5. Avoid ght and trifling conversalittle, and is worth a good deal. 7. Dispel corrodtion. 6. A civil answer, to a rude speech-costs but ing care; and consider it sinful—to give way w passion. 8. Charms-strike the sight; but meritwins the soul. 9. Persons are to be estimated, according to their goodness,—not according to their dress. 10. The sincere and candid man,-has nothing to conceal; for he speaks nothing but the truth. 11. Turn a deaf ear to angry words. 12. He who promises—runs in debt. Laconics. We esteem most things according to their intrinsic merit; it is strange MAN should be an exception. We prize a horse for his strength and courage,-not for his furniture. We prize a man for his sumptuous palace, his great train, his vas revenue; yet these are his furniture, not his mind. Varieties. 1. Which is the more impor tant—and useful discovery, the balloon, or the telegraph? 2. What is the cause of sea. currents? 3. Will it take ages-to discover the truth; or ages to acknowledge it, when it is discovered? 4. What is meant by the words, a pure state of nature? Do they not mean that state, in which the condition, circumstances, and habits of men-are in strict accordance with the laws of his nature? 5. Is not Hip-poc-ra-tes called the Father of Medicine? 6. If we are not happy, is it because our Creator has not endowed us with the capability of becoming so? 7 What is the difference-in reasoning from facts and experience, and reasoning from a mixture of truth and falsehood? Do not many-reason from the latter, instead of from the former? THE BEACON. The scene-was more beautiful-far to my eye Than if day-in its pride-had arrayed it; On the shadowy wave's playful motion, Anecdote. A Challenge. After the battle Was heard in his wildly breath'd numbers, 255. The exclamation Point (!) indicates | Proverbs. 1. Great designs, and small about the same length of silence, as the In-means-have been the ruir. of many. 2. He, is terrogation: but the slide of the voice, is gen- a slave to the greatest slave, who serves none but erally downward, from the 6th or 8th note, himself. 3. Correct the errors of others, when you because there is a kind of an outflowing, and can, and inspire them with the love of goodnes then an indrawing of the mind,-an inflowand truth. 4. It is the act of a base mind, to deing of the affections, that give rise to this man-in giving profusely, than in giving judiciously. 6. ceive, by telling a lie. 5. Liberality-consists .ekS ifestation. 1. What a beautiful Lake! 2. How The head and feet cool; the rest will take little harm delightful the music is! 3. What a splendid 7. We know well, only what has cost us trouble to piece of workmanship! 4. How charming learn. 8. "Haste not, rest not ;" was the motto on is the prospect! 5. What a majestic scene! Goethe's ring. 9. Keep your thoughts-close, and 6. How inimitable those strains are! 7. your coun- tenace-open, and you may go safely What a piece of work is man! 8. How glo- through the world. 10. With the humble, there is rious are all the works of God! 9. What perpetual peace. 11. Long is the arm of the needy splendid views of heaven! 10. How majcs-12. Poverty is an evil counsellor. 13. Delay-often tically-the Sun-wheels his mighty round! makes one wise. 256. Examples of Exclamation. 1. FaWar and Truth. A wise minister would thers! Senators of Rome! the arbiters of na- rather preserve peace, than gain a victory; tums! to you I fly for refuge! 2. Eternity! because he knows that even the most successthou pleasing, dreadful thought! 3. Behold ful war leaves a nation poor, and always more the daughter of innocence! what a look! profligate, than before it. There are real evil what beauty! what sweetness! 4. Behold that cannot be brought into a list of indemn -a great, a good man! what majesty! how ties, and the demoralizing influence of war. graceful! how commanding! 5. O, vener- not among the least of them. The triumphs able shade! O, illustrious hero! 6. Fare-of truth are the more glorious, chiefly, bewell! a long farewell-to all my greatness! 7. It stands-solid and entire! but it stands alone-and it stands amidst ruins! 8. I am stripped of all my honor! I lie prostrate on the earth! 9. Leave me! oh! leave me to repose! 10. Hear me, O Lord! for thy lov-human nature, very comprehensive, as well ing kindness is great! as complicated and profound? 3. How can cause they are the most bloodless of all victories, deriving their highest lustre from the saved, not from the slain. Varieties. 1. It is the nature of truth, never to force. 2. Is not the science of 257. Natural Theology. From the ex- the mere knowledge of historical eventsternal and internal evidences afforded us, from avail to the salvation of the soul? 4. What creation, and the modes of existence, we as-is meant by the martyr Stephen, seeing the sume, that man-is naturally a religious be- HEAVENS OPENED; and, John's being in the ing: the stamp of the Deity is upon him spirit, on the Lord's day? 5. To see spiriteven before his birth; and in every subse-ual existences, must not the eyes of the unquent stage of his existence, no matter what derstanding be opened? 6. There is but may be his social, moral or civil condition, one law in being, which the Lord fulfilled, that stamp-remains with him. It is not to and went through, in the world: He passed be found on the Jew and Christian only, but through the whole circle-of both spiritual on all men, in all ages, climes, and conditions and natural order, and assumed all states, of life. possible for man to be in, when in progression from the state of nature,-to that of perfect grace; and by virtue thereof, can touch us-in all states of trial, we can possibly be in. 'Tis the quiet hour-of feeling, Anecdote. A Lawyer and Physician, Now the busy day is past, Realms above-to part-no more. 258. The Parenthesis (—) shows, that the Proverbs. 1. Discord-reduces strengthwords included within it, must be read, or weakness. 2. No sweet, without some sweat: n spoken, on a lower pitch, and with a quicker pains, without some gains. 3. Whatever you do, movement, than the other parts of the sen- do it to some purpose; whether conquering, or tence; as though anxious to get through with conquered. 4. We are inclined to believe those we do not know, because they have never deceived us. the explanation, or illustrative matter-contained in it; and the parenthetical clause, the stubborn. 6. Stake even life, if necessary, in 5. Gentleness-often disarms the fierce, and me ts generally, has the same slide, or inflexion of voice, as the last word of the sentence, imme- the support of truth. 7. Listen to the voice of experimental truth, and confide-n her opinion. diately preceding it. 1. An honest man, 8. A good appetite-gives relish to the most hun(says Mr. Pope,) is the noblest work of God.e fare. 9. There is no secret in the heart, that 2. Fride, (as the Scripture saith,) was not our actions do not disclose. 10. Where there is a made for man. 3. The Tyrians were the will, there is a way. 11. True valor-is fire; first, (if we are to believe-what is told us by boasting—is smoke. writers of the highest authority,) who learned the art of navigation. 4. Know ye not, brethren, (for I speak to them that know the law,) how that the law-hath dominion over a man-as long as he liveth? 259. That strong, hyperbolical manner, which we have long been accustomed to call the Oriental style of poetry, (because some of the earliest poetical productims-came to us from the East,) is, in truth, no more Oriental, than Oc-ci-den-tal; it is characteristic of an age, rather than of a country, and belongs, in some manner, to all nations, at that period, which gave rise to music and song. 260. MINERALOGY-treats of minerals; their properties, composition, classification, and uses. A mineral—is an organic natural substance, either gaseous, as air; liquid, as water; or solid, as earth and stones: it is inseparably connected with GEOLOGY, which treats of the structure of the earth, and the masses that compose it; also, of the changes it has undergone, and to which it is still exposed; while its practical importance is recognized in Agriculture, Mining, and Engineering, it ranks with Botany and Chemistry in its recondite developments, and with Astronomy-in the sublimity of its themes and results, as one of the most profound and interesting of the sciences. Anecdote. Fashion's Sake. Lord Mansfield, being willing to save a man, who had stolen a watch, directed the jury-to bring it a value-ten pence. "Ten pence, my Lord!" d the prosecutor; "why, the very fashion of it cost fifty shillings." His lordship replied, "Perhaps so; but we cannot hana nan for fushim’s sake.” I venerate-the pilgrim's cause, Yet, for the red man-dare to plead : We seek our God in prayer ; The Telescope. A spectacle-maker's boy, amusing himself in his father's shop, by holding two glasses between his finger and thumb, and varying the distance, the weathercock of the church spire, (opposite them,) seemed to be much longer than ordinary, and apparently much nearer, and turned upside down. This excited the wonder of the father, and led him to additional experiments; and thence resulted that astonishing instrument, the telescope, as invented by Gal-i-le-o, and perfected by Herschell. This is only one instance, among thousands, that show great effects may result from small causes. Varieties. 1. Is not prejudice-invete rate, in proportion to its irrationality? 2. The most delicate, and the most sensible, of all pleasures-consists in promoting the hap piness of others. 3. Wit-sparkles as a meteor, and like it, is transient; but geniusshines like a splendid luminary, marking its course in traces that are immortal. 4. Men can have no principles, unless they are revealed to them by Deity. 5. Is there anything that melts-and conquers — like love? 6. Confessing a folly, or crime, is an act of judgment: a compliment-we rarely pass on ourselves. 7. Spiritual truth, is the light of heaven: the good-proper to it, is the heat, or love thereof; to be filled with both, is the perfection of life, and true salvation; conferable, only, by the Lord Jesus Christ, the giver of eternal life, and our Redeemer and Savior. Besides,school-friendships are not always to be found is an honor. 3 The censure-of some personsis praise; and their praise, condemnation-in the eyes of the world. 4. It is a base thing-to lie; truth-alone, becomes the ingenuous mind. 5. Riches-either serve or rule, every one who posses ses them; and thus, they are either blessings, or curses. 6. In cases where doubt exists, always orators-are made such. 8. Malice-is a mean, lean to the side of mercy. 7. Poets-are born such; and deceitful engine of mischief. 9. Nature—is superior to Art: have faith in her, and success is yours. 10. All rules and principles, to be of use, must be understood, and practiced. 11. The offender-rarely pardons. 12. Might too often makes right. 13. Truth has a good basis. 261. The Rhetorical Pause-is dictated Proverbs. 1. Pride is the rafspring of folly by the thought and feeling, and is usually and the plague of fools. 2. A bad man's dislike addressed only to the ear; it is here indicated generally, by a dash (—,) and its length must be determined by the subject, and occasion; it is usually, however, about the length of a Semicolon, or Colon: and one thing must be distinctly observed, that the reader and speaker is always to inhale breath-at every Rhetorical Pause, and generally, at each Grammatical Pause; if the system be relaxed, inhalation will be almost sure to take place. Indeed, one of the great secrets of reading, speaking and singing-for hours in succession, with effect, and without injurious exhaustion, consists in the proper management of the breath: not that there should be anything stiff and mechanical in the act; for all must be the result of the perfect freedom of nature. Anecdote. When the painter, Leo-nar di da Vinci, lay upon his death-bed, the king came to see m; and out of respect, he raised himself from the pillow; but the effort being too great, he fell back; when the king caught him, and he expired in his arms. The king was much affected with the event, and left the chamber in tears; when his nobles endeavored to soothe him, saying,"Consider, he was only a painter." "Yes, yes," replied the monarch, "I do; and though I could make a thousand-such as you, yet God alone can make such a painter, as Leo nardi." 262. The Rhetorical Pause always occurs either before or after-the important word, or words, of a sentence: if the significant word or phrase, is at the beginning, this pause is made immediately after it; but if such word or phrase, is at the end of the sentence, the pause occurs before it. The design of the pause is, in the first instance, to produce a retrospection of mind; and in the second, to excite attention and expectation. Ex. 1. Industry-is the guardian of Justice. How many tedious and ruinous innocence. 2. Imagery-is the garb of poe-law-suits--might have been avoided, had the try. 3. To err-is human; to forgive-DI- parties concerned-patiently examined the VINE. 4. Prosperity-gains friends; adversity-tries them. b. Feelings-generate thoughts; and thoughts-reciprocate feelings. 6. Vanity-is pleased with admiration; Pride-with self-esteem. 7. Dancing -is the poetry of motion. 8. Some-place the bliss in action; some-in ease; Those call it pleasure; and contentment, these. 9. To hope for perfect happiness-is vain. 10. And now-abideth Faith, Hope, Charity; these three; but the greatest of these is for nature, like truth, is immutable. 3. Charity. facts, with coolness and deliberation; instead of giving way to the blindness of interest and to passion, by which mutual hatreds have been generated, or blood spilled,--when a generous search after truth, and a love of justice--would have prevented all the evil. Varieties. 1. What is requisite-for the right formation of character? 2. The true disciples of nature--are regardless who accompanies them, provided she be the leader : There is no pride--equal to theirs, who rise 263. Individuals of both sexes, often comfrom poverty-to riches; for some--have plain of a very unpleasant sensation at the even forgotten their own relations. 4. That pit of the stomach; some call it a "death-like form of government is best, which is best feeling;" others speak of it as if "the bottom adapted to the state of the people, and best had fallen out:" one of the principal causes is administered. 5. Cyrus, when young, bea want of the proper action of the breathing ing asked--what was the first thing to be nparatus: the abdominal and dorsal mus- learned; replied,-To speak the truth. 6. cles become relaxed, by wrong positions and The orator's field-is the universe of mind want of appropriate exercise and food; when-and matter: and his subjects--all that is their contents fall by their own weight, and the diaphragm does not, consequently, act in a healthy manner. The remedy is a return to the laws of life and being, as nere exhibite i. Conscience-distasteful truths may tell, -and can be known-of God-and man. Gather the rose-buds-while ye may, to be a good thing, must be rightly applied. 11. Re banishes evil desires. 13. Respect and contempt, spoil many a one. 264. MISCELLANEOUS EXAMPLES OF ALL Proverbs. 1. By deferring our repentanceTHE PAUSES. The pupil must not rely too we accumulate our sorrows. 2. Complaisancemuch on these external indications of silence; renders a superior-amiable, an equal-grex for they are only general rules: hence the ble, and an inferior-acceptable. 3. A wound givnecessity of being governed by the prompt- en by a word, is often harder to be cured, than one ings and guidance of his own feelings and made by the sword. 4. The human form is the thoughts, after bringing them in subjection noblest, and most perfect, of which we can conto goodness and truth; of which reason-ceive. 5. Intentions, as well as actions, must be always approves. 1. The ostestatious, fee-good, to be acceptable. 6. Every scene in life, is a ble, harsh, or obscure style, is always faulty; picture; of which some part is worthy of attereand perspicuity, strength, neatness, and sim- tion. 7. Receive instruction with gratitude. S. To plicity are beauties ever to be aimed at. such as are opposed to truth, it seems harsh and 2. Be wise to-day, 'tis madness to defer; severe. 9. Never reproach another for doing wrong; next day-the fatal precedent will plead. unless you are sure he has done it. 10. Knowledge, Thus on, till wisdom-is pushed out of life. 3. How noble 'tis, to own a fault; how ge-plies-are not always answers. 12. A chaste eye nerous, and divine to forgive it! 4. Who can forbear to smile with nature? Can the stormy passions-in the bosom roll, while every gale is peace, and ev'ry grove-is melody? 265. 1. The evidence that TRUTH carries with it, is superior to all argument, and miracles and it wants neither the support, nor dreads the opposition, of the greatest abil-given way to etiquette, formality, and deities. 2. True modesty is ashamed to do almost deserted our land; and what we ap ceit; whilst the ancient hospitality has now what is repugnant to reason, and common sense; false modesty-to do what is oppos- have lost in heart. pear to have gained in head, we seem to ed to the humor of the company; true modesty avoids whatever is criminal; false modesty-whatever is unfashionable. 3. Some-live within their means; some live up to their means and some-live beyond their means. 4. "To what party do you belong?" said a noisy politician, to one whose soul-grasped the interests of his whole country. To what party do I belong?" replied the patriot; "I belong to no party, but my country's party." Punctuate the following, by reading it correctly. Has twenty fingers on each hand Refinement. It is a doubt, whether the refinements of modern times have, or have not, been a drawback upon our happiness: for plainness and simplicity of manners have tween the internal and external man? be. Varieties. What is the difference be 2. Love to God and love to man, is the tween an internal and external state of mind? life and soul, of all sound philosophy; consequently, no one can become a philosopher, who is not a good man. 3. Riches, and would get rid of one, must become divested cares, are generally inseparable; and whoever of the other. 4. The acquirement of useful knowledge, is often difficult and trouble some; but perseverance will reward us for our toil. 5. If we regard our present views -as an infallible test of truth, whatever does not conform to them, we set down as false, and reject it. 6. Ignorance of a fact 266. BOTANY-treats of plants-their-may excuse; but not ignorance of the law structure, growth, classification, description, localities and uses. They are organized bodies, and endowed with life; but they differ from animals, in wanting sensation and voluntary motion: they differ from minerals, in possessing life; and they contain organs, by which they assimilate new matter to increase their substance, and promote their growth. The study of botany is highly interesting and useful; not only on account of the beauty and variety of plants, but of the important purposes to which they may be applied in sustaining life and curing disease: it is necessary to aid in the development of body and mind. Anecdote. One day, when the moon was under an eclipse, she complained thus to the sun for the discontinuance of his favor; "My dearest friend," said she, "why do you not shine upon me as you used to do ?" "Do I not shine upon thee?" said the sun; "I am very sure I intend it." "" 0 no, replied the moon: but now I see the reason; that dirty planet, the earth, has got between which every one is supposed to be ac |