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photographic method it has been found that the effect of Foucault currents is to augment the frequency of the oscillations per second without influencing the number of oscillations in each discharge. Hysteresis destroys the oscillations and diminishes, more or less, the frequency. -A study of the radiographic power of an X-ray tube: S. Turchini. The radiographic effects, as measured by the action on a photographic plate, are found to follow the same laws as the radioscopic effects, and there is reason to suppose that the radiotherapeutic effects will follow similar laws as regards the relation between efficiency and the length of the equivalent spark.-On the conductivity of the gases from flames: Eugène Bloch. The ions contained in the gases given off from a flame, at the end of a time sufficiently long take a mobility of the order of 0.01 mm., and hence should be classed as large ions.-On the ionisation and coefficient of magnetisation of aqueous solutions: Georges Meslin.-The properties of pyrrhotine in the magnetic plane: Pierre Weiss. On the causes of varieties of halation in photographic plates: A. Guébhard. -The triboluminescence of metallic compounds: D. Gernez. The luminous effect observed when certain crystals are broken is not, as has been supposed, essentially a property of organic compounds, and a list of seventy-four inorganic compounds is given in which this effect has been observed. The properties of some anhydrous chlorides of metals of the rare earths: Camille Matignon. Details are given of the crystalline form, colour, density, melting points, heats of solution and formation of the chlorides of lanthanum, praseodymium, neodymium, and samarium. -On a reaction of rhodium: Piñerûa Alvarez. Chlorine, acting on an alkaline solution of a rhodium salt, gives a characteristic blue colour, due to the formation of sodium perrhodate. The action of the metal ammoniums on alcohols : a general method for the preparation of the alcoholates: E. Chablay. The alkali ammoniums, acting upon a solution of the anhydrous alcohol in ammonia, give a quantitative yield of the alcoholate.-Propionylcarbinol and its derivatives: André Kling.-Contribution to the study of the derivatives of benzodihydrofurfurane: A. Guyot and J. Catel.--On methæmoglobin: M. Piettre and A. Vila.-Researches on the mode of action of philocatalase: F. Batelli and Mlle. L. Stern. The name philocatalase is given to a ferment which is present in many animal tissues, although without direct action on catalase it possesses the property of protecting the catalase against the destructive action of anticatalase. The present paper deals with the mechanism of this reaction. -Researches on the comparative power of adhesion of different copper solutions employed as a remedy against mildew E. Chuard and F. Porchet.-On a bacterial decay of cabbage: Georges Delacroix.-The classification and nomenclature of arable earths according to their mechanical constitution: H. Lagatu.—The termination of the motor nerves in the striated muscles of man: Odier. On the problem of statical work: Ernest Solvay. -On the overlapping strata in the Piedmont zone: Maurice Lugeon and Emile Argand.-On an extraordinary halo: M. Pernter.

R.

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ROYAL INSTITUTION, at 5.-Electro-magnetic Waves: Prof J. A. Fleming,
F.R.S
INSTITUTION OF MINING ENGINEERS (in the Rooms of the Geologica'
Society), at 11 A.M. The Firing of Babcock Boilers with Coke-oven Gases:
T. Y. Greener.-Compound Winding-engine at Lumpsey Mine: M. R.

Kirby-Note Supplementary to a Paper on the Electric Driving of Winding-gears: F. Hird.-Electric Winding engines at the Exhibitics of the North of France, Arras, Pas-de-Calais: Ed. Lozé.-The Education of Mining Engineers in the United States: Prof. Howard Eckfeldt-Ar Outline of Mining Education in New Zealand: Prof. James Park.-Goa^ blasts in Mines in the Giridih Coal-field, Bengal, India: Thomas Adamson.

LINNEAN SOCIETY, at 8.

CHEMICAL SOCIETY, at 8.-(1) The Constituents of the Seeds of Hyd carpus Wightiana and Hydnocarpus Anthelmintica. Isolation of a Homologue of Chaulmoogric Acid.-(2) The Constituents of the Seeds of Gynocardia Odorata: F. B Power and M. Barrowcliff-The Relation of Ammonium to the Alkali Metals. A Study of Ammonium Magnesium and Ammonium Zinc Sulphates and Selenates: A. E. H. Tutton.-Canphorylazoimide: M. O. Forster and H. E. Fierz.-Influence of Substitetion on the Formation of Diazoamines and Aminoazo-compounds. Part III. Azo-derivatives of the Symmetrically Disubstituted Primary Meta diamines: G. T. Morgan and W. O. Wootton.-Diazo-derivatives of Mono-acylated Aromatic Para-diamines : G. T. Morgan and Miss F. M. G. Micklethwait.-The Significance of Optical Properties as Connoting Structure; Camphorquinone-hydrazones-oximes; a Contribution to the Chemistry of Nitrogen: H. E. Armstrong and W. Robertson.-Solubility as a Measure of the Change undergone by Isodynamic Hydrazones. (1) Camphorquinonephenylhydrazone. (2) Acetaldehydephenylhydrazone: W. Robertson. The Design of Gas-regulators for Thermostats: T. M Lowry. The Constitution of Barbaloin. Part I.: H. A. D. Jowett and C. E. Potter.--Influence of Substitution on the Formation of Diazoamines and Aminoazo-compounds. Part IV. 5-Bromo-as(4)-Dimethyl-2 : 4diamine-toluene: G. T. Morgan and A. Clayton.-The Action of Hypobromous Acid on Piperazine: F. D. Chattaway and W. H. Lewis. The Action of Magnesium Methyl Iodide on Pinene Nitroso-chloride W. A. Tilden and J. A. Stokes. - Racemisation Phenomena during the Hydrolysis of Optically Active Menthyl and Bromyl Esters by Alkali. A. McKenzie, and H. B. Thompson..

FRIDAY, JUNE 2.

INSTITUTION OF MINING ENGINEERS (in the Rcoms of the Geological Society), at 10.30 A. M.-The Conveyor-system for filling at the Coal-face, as practised in Great Britain and America: W. C. Blackett and R. G Ware. Underground Fires at the Greta Colliery, New South Wales: J. Jeffries.-The Geology of Chunies Poort, Transvaal : A. R. Sawyer.-Underground Horses at an Indian Colliery: T. Adamso 1.— Description of the Eimbeck Duplex Base-line Bar: W. Eimbeck. SATURDAY, JUNE 3.

ROYAL INSTITUTION, at 3.-Exploration in the Philippines: A. H Savage Landor.

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Fictitious Problems in Mathematics.-A. B. Basset, F.R.S.; Dr. E. J. Routh, F.R.S.

On the Spontaneous Action of Radio active Bodies on Gelatin Media. (Illustrated.)-John Butler Burke

The Consolidation of the Earth.-Rev. A. Irving The Spirit-level as a Seismoscope. -G. T. Bennett A Feather-like Form of Frost.

Warner

The Evolution of Engraving in the Stone Age. (Illus trated.) By A. C. H.

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(Illustrated.)-H. M.

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By Sir H. H.

$3

The New Diplodocus Skeleton. (Illustrated.)
The Masai of East Africa. (Illustrated.)
Johnston, G. C. M. G., K. C. B..
Notes

Our Astronomical Column:

Newly Discovered Nebula

The Bruce Telescope Reference Photographs
Twelve Stars with Variable Radial Velocities
Double "Canals" on Mars in 1903
Catalogue of New Double Stars

The Royal Society Conversazione

Atmospheric Electricity Observed from Balloons.
By George C. Simpson.

University and Educat on il Intelligence
Societies and Academies

Diary of Societies . .

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ADAM HILGER, Ltd., 75a Camden Road, London, N.W.

GOLD MEDAL AWARDED, ST. LOUIS EXHIBITION, 1904.

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TWENTY-SIX CRADUATED EXERCISES IN GRAPHIC STATICS,

some in Two Colours, and with Skeleton Data to practise upon, and including the Application to Roofs, Moving Locomotives, Retaining Walls, Lévy's Steel Arches, Girders (Original Constructions), Masonry Arches, Lévy's Weight Tables, with an Essay on Graphical Statics, in the form of a Running Commentary on the Exercises, each of which has full Instructions printed on its face, the whole forming a Supplement to the Authors' Elementary Applied Mechanics.

By T. ALEXANDER, M.Inst.C.E.I., Professor of Engineering, Trinity College, Dublin; and
A. W. THOMSON, D.Sc., C.E., Professor of Engineering, College of Science, Poona.
FCAP. BROADSIDE. SEWED. 10s.

THE PRINCIPLES OF ECONOMICS.

A Fragment of a Treatise on the Industrial Mechanism of Society, and other Papers. By the late W. STANLEY JEVONS, LL.D., M.A., F. R.S. With a Preface by HENRY HIGGS. 8vo, Ios. net.

THE TRADE POLICY OF GREAT BRITAIN AND HER COLONIES SINCE 1860. By CARL JOHANNES FUCHS, Professor of Political Economy in the University of Freiburg i. B. Translated by CONSTANCE H. M. ARCHIBALD. With a Preface by the Right Hon. J. PARKER SMITH, M.A, M.P. Extra Crown 8vo, 7s. 6d. net.

FINANCIAL TIMES.-"Impartial students of the fiscal question will welcome this contribution to the great discussion, on the ground that it emanates from a foreign, and, therefore, unbiassed source-unbiassed, that is, so far as British politics and British schools of economic thought are concerned. . . . The book is very thorough and painstaking."

EASY GRAPHS. By H. S. HALL, M.A. Crown 8vo, 1s.

THE STATE AND AGRICULTURE IN HUNGARY. Report of the Minister of Agriculture, Dr. Ignatius Daranji, on his Agricultural Administration during the years 1896-1903. Translated by ANDREW GYÖRGY, Ex-M. P. Crown 8vo, 5s. net.

MACMILLAN AND CO., LIMITED, LONDON.

RECENT & COMING ECLIPSES.

BY

Sir NORMAN LOCKYER, K.C.B., F.R.S.

Second Edition, containing an account of the Observations made at Viziadrug, in India, in 1898, and of the conditions of the Eclipses visible in 1900, 1901 and 1905. 8vo. 6s. net.

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TABLE OF RARE ELEMENTS. WATKINS & DONCASTER,

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MICROSCOPICAL PETROGRAPHY.

Gentlemen interested in the above study are invited to send to JAMES R. GREGORY & CO.,

1 Kelso Place, Kensington Court, London, W., for a Prospectus of

THE TWENTIETH CENTURY ATLAS OF MICROSCOPICAL PETROGRAPHY,

now being issued in Twelve Monthly Parts, each Part containing Four Fine Half Tone Plates, and also Four actual Rock Sections. Subscription in advance, either Monthly, 7/-; Quarterly, 21/-; or for the whole Series of 12 Monthly Parts & 48 Sections, £4 4s.

NOTICE.

Proof Copies of the Photogravure Portrait of

PROF. SUESS

appearing in "Nature" of May 4 can be obtained from the Publishers at 5s. each.

ST. MARTIN'S STREET, LONDON, W.C.

Naturalists and Manufacturers of

CABINETS AND APPARATUS

FOR ENTOMOLOGY, BIRDS' EGGS AND SKINS, AND ALL
BRANCHES OF NATURAL HISTORY.

SPECIAL SHOW-ROOM FOR CABINETS.

N. B. For Excellence and Superiority of Cabinets and Apparatus, references are permitted to distinguished patrons, Museums, Colleges, &c.

A LARGE STOCK OF insects, birds' egGS AND SKINS. SPECIALITY.-Objects for Nature Study, Drawing Classes, &c.

Birds, Mammals, &c., Preserved and Mounted by First-class Workmen true to Nature. All Books and Publications on Natural History supplied. 36 STRAND, LONDON, W.C. (Five Doors from Charing Cross.)

New Catalogue (102 pp.) just issued, post free.

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ROCKS, MINERALS, FOSSILS. For Collectors, Students, Technical Schools, Colleges, &c. COLLECTIONS IN POLISHED DEAL BOXES.

25 Specimens, 5/6; 50 do., 10/6; 100 do., 21/-; 200 do., 42/20 Coal Measure Rocks and Fossils, 12/6; do., larger, 15/-. Adapted for the Board of Education Examinations in Geology, Physiography, and Mineralogy.

A large stock of Minerals, Rocks, Fossils and Microscopic Objects for selection. Specimens sent on approval.

Cabinets, Geologists' Hammers, Chisels, Card Trays, Glass-capped Boxes, Models of Crystals, &c., &c.

NEW CATALOGUE POST FREE.

THOMAS D. RUSSELL, 78 Newgate St., London, E.C.

LIVING SPECIMENS FOR

THE MICROSCOPE.

Volvox, Spirogyra, Desmids, Diatoms, Amoeba, Arcella, Actinosphærium, Vorticella, Stentor, Hydra, Floscularia, Stephanoceros, Melicerta, and many other specimens of Pond Life. Price 15. per Tube, Post Free. Helix pomatia, Astacus, Amphioxus, Rana, Anodon, &c., for Dissection purposes. THOMAS BOLTON,

25 BALSALL HEATH ROAD, BIRMINGHAM.

MARINE BIOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION
OF THE UNITED KINGDOM.
THE LABORATORY, PLYMOUTH.
The following animals can always be supplied, either living
or preserved by the best methods :-

Sycon; Clava, Obelia, Sertularia; Actinia, Tealia, Caryophyllia, Alcy.
onium; Hormiphora (preserved); Leptoplana; Lineus, Amphiporus,
Nereis, Aphrodite, Arenicola, Lanice, Terebella; Lepas, Balanus,
Gammarus, Ligia Mysis, Nebalia, Carcinus; Patella, Buccinum, Eledone,
Pectens Bugula, Crisia, Pedicellina, Holothuria, Asterias, Echinus,
Ascidia, Salpa (preserved), Scyllium, Rala, &c., &c.
For prices and more detailed lists apply to
Biological Laboratory, Plymouth.

THE DIRECTOR.

NOTICE.-Advertisements and business letters for NATURE should be addressed to the Publishers; Editorial Communications to the Editor. The telegraphic address of NATURE is "PHUSIS," LONDON.

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SPECIAL ARRANGEMENTS for supplying C. H. F. MÜLLER'S worldrenowned FOCUS TUBES at REDUCED PRICES have been made by THE MEDICAL SUPPLY ASSOCIATION, 228 Gray's Inn Road,

London, W.C.

Müller-Röhren No.11 u.12

Mulier-Röhre No. 14.

With Double Regulator for Raising & Lowering Vacuum, 24/-
Tube similar in size but of different design-without Regulator, 14/-

Large Size (170 mm. diameter) Water Cooled £450
I New Illustrated and Descriptive List post free.

MICROSCOPIC OBJECTS.

NEW AND BEAUTIFUL PREPARATIONS IN WATSON'S UNIQUE COLLECTION. Very fine Series, illustrating the development of an Ascidian S. d. Groups of Diatomacea, Spicules, &c. A large variety at (Aspersa), 16 preparations in case...

Section through entire bud of Lily

Beautiful Slides of Stephanoceros with cilia extended, price

according to perfection

Lophopus crystallinus

Vermes (Marine), various

Section of precious Opal, with matrix (opaque)
Section of Quartz with fluid cavities

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8/6 to

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NEW Edition of Supplementary List of latest Micro. Objects
now ready, post free. It gives full particulars of our beautiful
series of Aquatic Organisms, &c., &c.
Trypanosoma Brucei (Tsetse fly disease)

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Radium for the Microscope. Mounted on a 3 X 1 slip as a
Micro. Object. Shows scintillations strikir gly with low power
Objective. Quite new
Send for particulars.

56

Leaf of Pampas Grass--very pretty section

For a Guinea a year you can have 240 Micro. Slides on hire from WATSON & SONS' Cabinets. NEW. WATSON'S DIFFRACTION BUTTONS. A scientific Novelty. These buttons are made of polished steel upon which spiral lines oath inch apart are engraved. A beautifully soft radiated appearance is imparted by these lines, the colours being in the order of the Spectrum. Made in two sizes. 3-inch diameter, 4/6 each; 6 in case for 25/4-inch diameter, 2/6 each; or 6 in case for 15/Send for WATSON'S Illustrated Catalogues of Microscopes (No. 2), Microscopic Objects (No. 3), Telescopes and Field Glasses (No. 6), Post free on application to

W. WATSON & SONS,

(Established Opticians to H.M. Government,

1837

313 HIGH HOLBORN, LONDON, W.C. Branches-16 FORREST ROAD, EDINBURGH, and 2 EASY ROW, BIRMINGHAM.

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CROSSLEY BROS., LTD., OPENSHAW, MANCHESTER.

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BRITISH DESIGN AND WORKMANSHIP.
Is the best All-round Lens for either Professional or Amateur use.
Each lens will give perfect definition with full aperture to the extreme corners of the plate
it is sold to cover; with smaller stops it will cover at least two sizes larger, giving perfect sharp-
ness all over the plate, and thus becoming a wide-angle lens of the highest excellence. Either
combination may be used separately, giving foci of about 1 and 2 times the length of that of
the lens when used intact. The advantage of thus being able to choose the best point of view,
irrespective of distance, will be at once apparent to the artistic worker.

EQUIVALENT TO FOUR LENSES AT THE PRICE OF ONE.
Eleven Sizes are now ready, from 3 to 18 inches eq. focus.
CATALOGUE OF HIGH-CLASS CAMERAS AND LENSES, POST FREE.

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MAKERS OF THE CELEBRATED DALLMEYER LENSES.

Printed by RICHARD CLAY AND SONS, LIMITED, at 7 & 8 Bread Street Hill. Queen Victoria Street, in the City of London, and published be MACMILLAN AND CO., LIMITED, at St. Martin's Street, London, W.C., and THE MACMILLAN COMPANY, 66 Fifth Avenue, New York.-THURSDAY, May 25, 1905.

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