garb. We do not find that, at Chatillon, lord Castlereagh or count Metternich were at all inferior to the French negociators: so easy is it to make the balance incline, when the sword of the conqueror is thrown into the scale!

The following works are by M. de Talleyrand. Essay on Lotteries, 1779.-Several Reports to the Constituent Assembly.-Essay on Public Education, 1791.-Essay on the Commercial Intercourse of the United States with England.-Essay on the Advantages to be derived from new Colonies under the present Circumstances. [Both these Essays are inserted in the second volume of the Memoirs of the Institute, and are replete with original observations, profound remarks, and important conclusions.]Report made to the Conservative Senate on the Blows aimed by the Corsairs of Barbary at the Commerce of the European Powers.

CHAP. XLI.

Visit of the Emperor of Russia and the King of Prussia to this Country.-Address of the Chamber of Deputies to Louis XVIII.-The King's Reply.

THE visit of the emperor of Russia and the king of Prussia to this country, forms a feature of the times honourable to them and to the English people. They came among us for the ostensible purpose, particularly Alexander, of cementing the peace of Europe, and of profiting by those institutions which have been nurtured in Britain by that public spirit which is the consequence of public liberty. Whether similar effects can be expected to arise without the aid of similar causes-whether the magnanimous Alexander proposes to confer on his subjects greater public privileges-or whether he supposes that the institutions and spirit of freemen can be forced, like other exotics, on the soil of Russia, we shall not pretend to conjecture; but nothing can be more certain that that, for every thing enjoyed by Britain more than is enjoyed by her neighbours, she is indebted solely to the independence of her people, and to that public spirit which grows out of the sense of per sonal independence, felt, more or less, by its inhabi tants-LIBERTY, and nothing but LIBERTY, is the talisman which produces the moral and social effects that make Britain the theme of admiration; and, though we applaud the intentions of sovereigns who desire to make their countries as much as possible like Britain, yet they will want that which is more essential than power-the spirit of liberty among their subjects and though they may do much good, yet they will want the most essential requisites. Such are the true causes of Britain's glory,

such the springs of her industry, and such the basis on which arises the personal character of the people.

We shall avoid details for which we have not room, and which are not necessary for our history, more than to notice this memorable visit.

On the afternoon of Monday, June 6th, the emperor Alexander, and Frederick William, king of Prussia, landed at Dover, having been conveyed thither from Boulogne in the Impregnable man-ofwar, commanded by the duke of Clarence, as admiral of the fleet. The next day they entered London in a private manner. The emperor lodged at the Pulteney Hotel, Piccadilly, previously occupied by his sister the duchess of Oldenburgh; and the king of Prussia, in apartments prepared for him in the Stable Yard, St. James's. The royal sovereigns visited Kensington Gardens, Westminster Abbey and Hall, the British Museum, and on the evening of the 8th were presented to her majesty, in full court, at the queen's palace, and splendidly entertained by the regent. On the 9th they passed through some of the principal streets of London, and in the afternoon visited St. Paul's and the London docks, and in the evening were admitted knights of the garter at Carlton House, and the absent emperor of Austria was likewise declared a companion of the same order. On the 10th both sovereigns, with their suite, proceeded, by way of Richmond and Hampton Court, to Ascot races, and afterwards dined with her majesty at Frogmore.-On the 11th, Alexander paid a visit to the bank; and, in the afternoon, gave audience to lords Erskine, Grenville, Grey, Holland, &c. after which the sovereigns received the addresses of congratulation from the lord mayor and the whole corporation of London; and, in the evening, went to the opera-house. On the 12th, (Sunday) the king of Prussia attended Westminster Abbey with his family and suite; as did Alexander at the chapel

of his ambassador in Welbeck-Street. Both sovereigns rode for a considerable time in Hyde Park, amidst at least 150,000 people.-The 13th was set apart for an excursion on the river to visit the dockyard and arsenal at Woolwich, Greenwich, &c.The 14th and 15th were employed in an excursion to Oxford, Blenheim, Stowe, &c. of which splendid fête we refrain to speak further than to notice that, amongst the novelties of the evening, the illustrious visitors had the degree of doctor of civil law confer. red upon them at the theatre; and a diploma of the same rank was granted for the duke of Wellington. -On the 16th they were present at St. Paul's, at the annual assembly of 8,000 charity children of the metropolis; and, in the evening, at Drury-lane theatre. On the 17th they dined in great magnificence with the city merchants at the Merchant Taylors' Hall; the entertainment cost £10,000.—On the 18th they accompanied the prince regent, in grand procession, to a most splendid banquet given by the city of London in Guildhall, which cost nearly £30,000. -On the 19th they visited Oatlands, with the duke of York and his duchess, sister of the king of Prus sia. The 20th was employed in viewing 10,000 troops, drawn up in Hyde Park to fire a feu-de-joie in honour of the PEACE, which was proclaimed, with the usual formalities, in the afternoon. The evening was set apart for a most superb entertainment and ball, provided by the members of White's club, in Burlington House and Gardens, at an expence of £40,000.-Tuesday the 21st was employed in tak ing leave of the royal family, and in other preparations for departure. Wednesday, the 22d, both sovereigns left London, (the emperor previously viewing the tower of London) to be present at the naval exhibition prepared at Portsmouth;_ from whence they proceeded along the coast to Dover, there to embark on their return to the continent.

The expence to the government of the visit, has far exceeded £100,000 in fêtes, novelties, and preparations.

We feel it due to the emperor Alexander and the duchess of Oldenburg to state, that, during their residence in London, they won the affections and acquired the esteem of all classes of the people, by their amiable manners, their rational pursuits, and their enlightened curiosity. Nothing frivolous occupied their attention; but they were indefatigably employed, day after day, in examining whatever was useful and meritorious in our public and private establishments. The fatigues of a campaign could scarce have been greater than those endured by Alexander during his sojourn in London; and any man of less temperate habits, and less energy of chaTacter, could not for so many days have undergone the fatigue without injury to his health. Several anecdotes connected with this journey are to be found in our "Memoir of Alexander."

Address of the Chamber of Deputies to Louis XVIII.

Paris, July 31.-The king received yesterday, in the saloon of the throne, a grand deputation of the chamber of deputies. M. Laine, the president, read the following address:

"SIRE,-In ordering to be presented to the two chambers the exposé of the situation of the kingdom, and in thus inviting the representatives of the nation to concur in repairing so many calamities, your majesty placed a just confidence in your people. Your faithful subjects of the chamber of deputies thank you for not having despaired of the safety of France.

"That picture, melancholy as it is, did not surprise us. When every power was confounded, every right disregarded, every access to truth choaked up, only the excess of calamity could bring a remedy.