The Journal of the Bihar Research Society, Volumes 65-66

accepted According activities agriculture ancient Ancient India appears associated basis Bengal British Calcutta called capital caste centres century chapter coins contemporary context continued copper culture decline discussion earlier early economic epic evidence excavations existence fact feudal field four further German gives groups Gupta Ibid important India indicate industrial inscriptions interesting iron issues king known land later legend literature Mahābhārata marked means medieval mentioned municipal nature noted origin pattern period Persian phase political present problem production records refers regarded region relations religious remains river role ruled scholars seems shows situation Skandagupta social society sources structure suggest temple texts Thakur tion towns trade tradesmen University urban various village ware writings