cause-which is also the cause of reason, justice, and humanity.

troops of the republic advance in every direction; the bands of the tyrant, which infest the provinces of Vera Cruz and Oaxaca, will soon be defeated In whatever country and situation the present and driven out. In a short time, the flag of Spain events may place you, it will be always honorable will float no longer on the Gulf of Mexico. and glorious to you, and even consoling, to have Countrymen, you may now accumulate the va-employed your pen, and the talents you possess, luable productions of our soil, if you wish to ex- to batter down an order of things as absurd and change them for the fruits of foreign industry. | revolting in its principles as odious and atrocious Our commerce shall be open to all the world, un- in its consequences. In devoting yourself to the der a system founded on principles of equity. defence of the grand principles of public morals, Inhabitants of Texas! be proud that you have of the sacred cause which guarantees to man the been taken under the protection of the constitu- dignity of his being, you have acquired claims to the tion of the republic. Show yourselves worthy of gratitude of that portion of human kind, oppressed the rank to which you have been elevated. Fan for so many years by a monstrous mercantile comthe sacred flame of liberty, just kindled in the bo- bination: you have placed yourself in the honorsoms of our hitherto unfortunate brethren, just ||able rank of those virtuous philanthropists who emancipated from the chains of despotism. Such never ceased to plead before the tribunal of rea conduct will be crowned with the blessings of son the holy cause of humanity: true apostles of heaven. Obey the laws; comply faithfully and || liberty and benefactors of the earth, the memory exactly with your contracts; display to the world of these men recommendable in many other res the honor, humanity and generosity of your cha-pects, will be blessed from generation to genera racter. Cultivate with the utmost care, a bro- tion. We shall delight to recollect that it is they, therly intercourse and friendship with the repub-who, by an active perseverance, by a profound lic of the north; abstain from all illegal com- erudition, and by dint of all the force of reason, merce, especially within the United States; every have caused truth to triumph over the errors and violation of the laws shall be punished with inflex- prejudices that were smothering it; and by so doible severity. Smugglers and pirates shall suffering have given a death-blow to the stupid and death. The friend of liberty, the oppressed and barbarous egotism of that cast of men incrusted the brave, shall always find a home and country with ignorance: vile & contemptible blood suckamong the people of Mexico. We will receiveers, who love nothing so much as fattening on the with open arms all who respect our laws and our substance of their fellow creatures. independence.

JOSEPH M. DE HERRRA.

It is agreeable to me, general, to have an opportunity to express the sentiments with which I 18th September, 1816, 7th year of Mexican in- have been inspired towards you by the liberal dependence. principles you profess, &c. &c.

NOTE-The installation of officers and the publication of the laws and organization of the governinent will take place immediately.

Negociation of General Lavaysse at Hayti. This transaction has been grossly misrepresented. General L. has been made, by forged letters or sentences of letters, to appear as an enemy to liberty. The truth is that gen. Lavaysse obeyed the orders of his government, and served his country, faithfully. In the discharge of his duty how. ever, he won the esteem of the president Petion, with whom he has ever since maintained a friendly correspondence.

(Signed) General Lavaysse.

A. PETION.

NEAPOLITAN DECREE.

The following is the Neapolitan decree, allow. ing the free importation of grain :

"Ferdinand IV. by the grace of God, king of the "Two Sicilies, &c.

"Having seen the report of our minister of state, secretary of finance, we have decreed, and do decree as follows:

Art. I. Wheat, barley, and oats, imported from abroad, through all the custom-houses in e kingdom shall be exempt from all duty on impor tation-any regulation to the contrary in our te riff notwithstanding.

We have seen the original letter of which the following is an extraet-We have also an authen- Art. II. The grain mentioned in the preceding ticated extract in French; but deem it sufficient article shall be subjected merely in our city of to publish a faithful translation. We know not Naples to the duty on consumption, in like maniwhether it is more honourable to the writer or ner as in the provinces to the communal duties, the addressed. Both are men of superior minds; where such shall exist, so that, however, such foboth are friends of freedom, and both will be dis-reign grain shall not be subject to any other tax tinguished in the annals of the times, in the vari- on consumption than such as wheat, barley, and ous walks of science, historical reseaches, or the oats, produce of our kingdom, are subject to. profession of arms. Columbian. (Signed) FERDINAND (Countersigned) THOMASO DE SOMMA, Secretary of State

(TRANSLATION.)

Port-au Prince, June 21, 1816.

I had already received by Mr. Colombel your letters dated from Paris and I know by every thing he related to me of you, what you had been so good as to do, say & write, in favor of our country and of our institutions. I see with a new pleasure, general, by the contents of your last despatch, that you have continued true to the sentiments you professed in our behalf, and that you still continue to plead, in presence of all governments, our

Naples, May 5, 1816.

M. DE CHATEAUBRIAND'S WORK. Preface-If when only a private citizen, I c sidered myself bound, on certain important occa sions, to raise my voice and speak to my country, what ought I not to do now? As a peer and me nister of France, have I not far more rigorous de

As a peer of France it is my duty to declare the truth to France, and I will declare it.

As a minister, it is my duty to declare the truth to the king, and I will declare it.

ties to perform, and ought not my efforts for my, magistracy. My sentiments for the count de Blacas are well known. I have stated them in my king to be in proportion to the honors he has bewritings, and in my speeches addressed to the stowed on me? chamber of peers. The king has not a more noble nor a more devoted servant than M. de Blacas. He proves even at this moment his ability by the manner in which he conducts the difficult negotiations with which he is charged. Would to God he had exercised a greater influence over the ministry of which he formed a part! But in fact that ministry committed enormous faults, without speaking either of the chancellor or M. Blacas, who, far from participating in the system of the administration, constantly opposed them. In a work, however, in which I discuss the principles of Representative Monarchy, I was bound to admit the principle that a ministerial measure is the work of the minister."

If the council, of which I have the honor to be a member, were sometimes assembled, it might be said to me-"Speak in the council;" but that council does not meet. I have therefore been obliged to resort to other means to make my humble remonstrances be heard, and to fulfil my duty as a minister.

Had I need to prove by example that men in place have the right of writing on matters of state, such examples would not be wanting; I should find several in France, and England would fur nish a long series. From Bolingbroke to Burke, I could cite a great number of lords, of members of the house of commons, and members of the privy council, who have written on politics, and in direct opposition to the ministeríal system adopted in their country.

Shall it indeed be said, that if France appear to be menaced with new misfortunes: if legitimacy appear to me in danger, I must be silent, because I am a minister and peer of state! On the contrary, it is my duty to point out the danger, to fire the signal of distress and call for help. For this reason I have for the first time in my life signed my titles, in order to announce my duties, and to add, if I can, to this work, the weight of my political rank.

BONAPARTE.

The following is an extract of a letter from au officer on board of the British ship Newcastle, at St. Helena, to his friend in London, dated the 29th of July, 1816. After giving some account of the persons he saw on shore, and of himself, entirely uninteresting to American readers, because they have read the same things a score of times, he proceeds to give the following dialogue, which passed between Napoleon and himself: N. How old are you Mr. -?-27 years. N. Are you married?—No. N. How many years have you been at sea?-12 years.

N. What metal does she carry?-Our long guns are 24 pounders, and our carronades 42 pounders-Mon Dieu! exclaimed Napoleon.

N. You are a young man to be in so large a These duties are the more imperious, since in-ship as the Newcastle: pray how many tons does dividual liberty and the liberty of the press are suspended. Who dares, who can speak? Since she carry?-Fifteen hundred and thirty-five. the title of peer of France, gives me, by virtue of the charter, a sort of inviolability, I ought to make use of it to render to public opinion a portion of its power. This opinion says:-You have created laws which shackle me; speak for me, since you have deprived me of utterance."

Finally, the public has sometimes lent me a favorable ear! I have some chance of being heard. If then by writing I can do a little good, my conscience bids me still write.

This preface would terminate here, had I not some explanations to make.

The word royalist, in this work, is taken in a very extended sense: it embraces all royalists, whatever may be the shades of their opinions, provided their opinions be not dictated by revolutionary moral interests.*

By Representative Government, I understand monarchy, such as it at present exists in France, in England, and in the Lower Countries, whether the strict accuracy of the expression be admitted

or not.

When I speak of the faults, the systems, the ordinances, or the plans of law of an administration, I neither do good nor harm to the ministers who composed, or who may now compose such administration. Consequently I have not spared even those administrations in which I had friends. I profess, for example, a particular respect for the chancellor of France. I have frequently had occasion to recognize in him that candour, that uprightness of mind and heart, and that rare probity which distinguished our ancient

• What I understand by revolutionary moral interests, will be seen in the course of this work.

N. Were you ever on board the French Egyptienne I ordered to be built?—Yes.

N. Where is she now?-She is at Plymouth as a receiving ship.

N. Is she as large as the Newcastle?-No; not quite so large; the Newcastle is 50 guns, the Egyptienne is only 48.

N. Do you think, if the Egyptienne had guns on her gangways, as you have, and the same weight of metal, you could take her?-Yes, in 15 minutes. Te ex-emperor shrugged up his shoulders, and laughed.

N. What chance then would you have with a French 74 gun ship?-If it was blowing hard, so as to prevent her opening her lower deck ports, we would take her, not otherwise.

N. Very good. How long do you think you would be in taking one of the large 38 gun frigates? Do you mean French? Napoleon smiled and said, No, American-In about ten minutes. Napoleon laughed very heartily, and said, adieu! and went to his carriage, which was waiting for

him.

We are badly supplied with provisions here. The arrivals from the Cape are but seldom, and the duty is very laborious. There is a ship on each side of the island, constantly cruizing, and guard boats.

TOUR IN A BALLOON.

The Limerick Advertiser of Sept. 10, says, "We mentioned in our last the ascent and de

scent of Mr. Saddler, Jr. in his Balloon, on Mon- || and confinement of Mr. Kosloff, the Russian Consul day, at Cork; the following is his own statement: General, at Philadelphia, by a warrant from a Ma"I ascended at 20 minutes before 5 o'clock, with gistrate of that city, for an imputed criminal of the wind moderately from the N. W.-The Bal-fence, had, under the influence of Mr. Daschkoff's loon on first rising had an unpleasant motion, but representations, created some dissatisfaction in soon became steady; being how nearly perpen- the Imperial Government; which manifested it dicular over Cork, I detached a parachute, and be- self in the temporary prohibition of Mr. Harris ing too far distant to be observed waving my hat, from attending the Russian court, and in the or I took a banner and waved a last farewell to the ders which, it is already understood, have termi shouting crowds. At 10 minutes before 5, thenated Mr. Daschkoff's mission in this country Balloon entered a thick cloud, when the city and These steps were taken, we learn, with evident adjacent country became obscured from me. The reluctance on the part of the Emperor, and under Balloon now was completely inflated, and the gas an impression that it had been in the power of this rushing out of the safety tube, plainly showed me government to prevent the arrest-in omitting my continued rapid ascent; from my wish that do which, there had been a want of that respet the many friends whom I had a few minutes before justly due to his character and station. The me left should be further gratified, I determined to sures which he adopted were intended to evine descend, and having opened the valve and allow- his sensibility to an imagined wrong, and to givea ed sufficient gas to escape, the Balloon rapidly opportunity, in case of ascertained neglect on ou descended, when the city and coast extending to- || part, for due reparation to be made for it; ori wards Bantry to the west, and that of Waterford the explanations which the case admitted, if t to the east, I distinctly perceived, whilst the har- should appear, as the fact was, there had bee bor of Cork and the interior country, with its vari- none such. ous mountains, was a view sublime in the extreme. In order to gratify the spectators and show the power of the machine, I re-ascended and entered || a second cloud, at five minutes past five o'clock I had previously determined not to remain long but to effect my landing about Kingsbella; I now therefore began to make preparations for my descent, by placing my various things in secure places to prevent their being thrown out by the concussion of the car, and at 12 minutes past five, I opened the valve, and began gradually to descend. The car first struck in a grass enclosure, and rebounded into the adjoining field; the wind It is with pleasure we now state that from the being mild, and the grappling irons having se- temper manifested, at the time Mr. Wier left St. cured themselves in the hedge, the Balloon soon Petersburgh, by the Imperial Government towards became secured. The first person who appeared the United States, there is every reason to believe was, I believe, the owner of the farm, who was that this affair will be amicably adjusted, and that not a little alarmed; for, although he had ran in || without any long delay-Nat. Int. a direction towards it, he made a stop at some distance, enquiring where I came from, and it was not without great exertion on my part, in calling, that he was induced to come near. A servant of Mr. Hodder's came up next, followed by numbers of other persons, made himself known to me, and said that if the apparatus was taken to his master's house it should be taken care of. I was kindly invited to Mr. Foote's, where I partook of refreshment, and was provided with a horse to Mr. Hodder's where a bed was prepared, and every occommodation rendered that I could require."

DOMESTIC.

It is understood that, as soon as our gover ment became acquainted with the effect which had been produced at St. Petersburgh by the representations of Mr. Daschkoff, Mr. Cola (the late Secretary of the President) was sent in the Prometheus, a public ship, with dispatches to Mr. Harris, embracing such a view of the whole transaction, as actually occurred, and with such unequivocal assurances of the friendly disposition of our government towards Russia, as there was every reason to believe would be entirely satis factory.

Gen. BERNARD, late a Lieut. General in the French army, is now in this city, and we understand has accepted an appointment in the Engin eer Department of our army. We remember the testimonials of his distinguished merit, which were before Congress during the last session. la Esrope, General B: is acknowledged to be one of the most distinguished military Engineers of the age, a man of profound learning in most branches of natural philosophy, possessing great firmness of mind and simplicity of manners. In all the late campaigns under Napoleon, he was attached to the military cabinet of the Emperor. Gen. Bernard is the first foreign officer who has been admitted into the military service of the United States. He declined, it has been stated, very flat. tering overtures from some of the European sovereigns, and tendered his services to our Ge

OUR RELATIONS WITH RUSSIA. Mr. WIER, Consul of the United States at Riga, arrived at the seat of government on Sunday last,vernment; and Congress, appreciating the valve with despatches from Mr. HARRIS, charge des affaires of the United States at the Court of Russia.

Mr. W. we understand, left St. Petersburgh about the middle of September: at which time the EMPEROR had left St. Petersburgh for Warsaw, on a journey to make some arrangements respecting the internal affairs of his Empire.

Of the contents of Mr. Harris's despatches, we do not pretend to any precise knowledge. It is understood, generally, however, that the arrest

of his talents to our military youth, passed a special act for his admission.-Ib.

ST. LOUIS, SEPTEMBER 28. By several arrivals from the Upper Mississippi and the Lake, we are informed that Major Gratist of the engineer corps was progressing in build ing the new fort at Green Bay; he has with him Col Chambers, and three or four companies. The Faulsavoins are said to be peaceably inclined. A party of Winebagoes solicited Col. Chambers to

send off from Green Bay the big guns, but were told that the President of the United States ordered them to be placed there, and they could not be removed without his order.

corn comes in from the Euxine. Our magazines are full; Genoa is also full. Six hundred ships have sailed from the Mediterranean ports to Odessa for corn. About half have come back; the rest wait for their cargoes.'

It is stated by a gentleman from Calais, that the corn along the coast was rotting on the ground, some cut and some uncut, and a scarcity apprehended in consequence, except of oats.

Bread at Paris-The rise in the price of bread at Paris, it is said by a private letter, has occasioned a manifestation among the populace of a disposition to commit violence.

Yesterday we received information from Praire du Chien that the upper country was overwhelmed with British goods and British traders, from Mackinaw. They are the very same characters who infested this country previous to the late war, the very same gentry who whetted the savage tomahawk, and urged the massacre of our women and children. It is rumored here that this influx of traitors is occasioned by the Indian agent at Mackinaw granting licenses indiscriminately at French Election. The election has been con$50 each. This measure has thrown into the cluded and a complete list of the deputies electcountry more British traders than the governmented to the new chamber had been received with consider expedient, or the agents could consist- the exception of Corsica and those places where ently with their instructions, permit. By the un- the electorial colleges had been obliged to sepadue influence of these fellows, the Indians assume rate without coming to any result. Of the last very consequential airs, and are intolerably insochamber 168 of the members have been re-electlent to our citizens, declaring that the Englished, a considerable number of whom are constituhave told them truth, and that the Americans al- tionalists, and 46 out of the 86 presidents of the ways tell them lies. On the arrival of our traders electorial colleges, appointed by the king, have at Praire du Chien, they engaged all the Sioux in- been chosen deputies. terpreters, so that our traders, with a large amount of goods, were at once frustrated in their pursuits by the intrigues of these wretches, yet red with the blood of our frontier citizens.-Roulette and several other notorious characters of the above mentioned tribe, are on their way to St. Louis and Kaskaskia, for license to trade with the The British 58 and 61 regiments have embarkIndians. The policy governor Clark has pursueded for Jamaica in consequence of fears entertainwith the British traders who have applied for lied of an insurrection of the negroes. cense, is calculated to keep those poisonous ani- Riots. The colliers and miners in Monmouthmals from the Indian tribes in our neighbourhood.shire it is said had risen on their employers, and We shall wait the decision of governor Edwards on this subject.

Creek Indians.

A mission extraordinary was about to be sent from Vienna to the emperor of Russia. It is said by letters from Hamburg that the French have agreed to restore 10 millions of the 16 millions francs of the money and bullion said to have been seized by Devoust.

that most serious riots were apprehended. Lord Sidmouth had been sent for from church, a council was forthwith held, orders sent to the war office, and stage coaches, towards the west, detained to carry despatches for the troops to march. The number of rioters are stated to be more than fifteen thousand-they had stopped all the furnaces, above 60 in all.

On Wednesday last, a deputation of Creek Indians passed through this place on their way to Washington City. It is supposed that the object || of their mission relates to their friendly services, in the late war against the hostile Creeks. Among Patriots. It is said by letters from St. Domingo, them, we recognized, with much pleasure, Maj. that privateers are fitting out in every port there, M'Intosh, a half breed, who distinguished himself with Buenos Ayres, Margaretta, and Venegulian at the battle of the Horse Shoe; and in various lit- commissioners; and are represented to be supetle partisan affairs, handsomely displayed his en-rior vessels, well armed and manned by British terprise and bravery.

[Augusta Chronicle, 8th inst.

FOREIGN SUMMARY.

and American seamen. Gen. Mina, nephew of the celebrated Guerilla general, had arrived there from the United States, in the ship Caledonia, accompanied by a schooner with three thousand stand of arms, ammunition, field pieces, &c. On board of the Caledonia there were about one hundred who had embarked with the general in the cause of the Spanish patriots, one of whom has returned to the United States, and has communicated to the editors of the Petersburg Intelligencer a very unfavourable account of the general. He says that about three fourths of the number had the rank of officers of different grades, that they were promised regular pay for their services, but that a dollar had not been advanced to any one of the party-that in consequence of which and sickness, nearly one half of the number had forsaken Mina.. This ought to operate as a warning to the adventurous youth of our country. We do not think that one in one hundred will realize their expectations. We are clearly of the opinion that our government ought to sanction the patriotic cause, or prohibit the citizens of this country from emA Leghorn article says, that an abundance of || barking in it in the manner they do.

By the arrival of the ship Importer, at NewYork, from Liverpool, on the 17th inst. London dates to the 22d, and Liverpool to the 24th have been received, by which it appears that parliament has been further prorogued to the 2d of January. The distillation of spirits from grain has been prohibited in Ireland. It was expected the ports of England would be opened on the 15th November inst. for the free reception of foreign || wheat. It is calculated that 130,000 quarters (1,040,000 bushels) of foreign wheat are already under the king's lock, waiting the event of the average on the 15th November.

Algerine loss. It is said the Dey of Algiers has informed the commander of the Impregnable, by letter, that he lost 5,000 Janizaries, and from 5 to 6,000 Arabs in the late battles, besides women and children.

The Jews-An article in a Paris paper of the Ohio, pay all their notes under one dollar in spe 24th September, says, the memorial religieux, an- || cie.

nounces that 20,000 Jews of the district of Mantua Biography of Jackson.-The life of general Jackhave addressed petitions to the emperor of Au-son, commenced by col. Read, and concluded by stria, in favour of their brethren, who they say John H. Eaton, Esq. of Nashville, is announced are still persecuted at Piedmont, and in the States ready for the press. Persons holding subscrip of Germany. One of the first subjects to be de- tion papers are requested to return them to the cided at Frankfort, it is said, relates to the public proprietor immediately. rights of this people.

Resignation. The hon. W. T. Barry, of Kentucky, has resigned his seat in the senate of the United States.

Henry St. George Tucker, of Virginia, has publicly declined being a candidate at the ensuing election.

Lack of provisions in Canada.—A Quebec paper says, "it has been given to us from the most authentic sources, that several parishes in the interior parts of this district are already so far in want of provisions, as to create the most serious alarms among the inhabitants. Among those mentioned as being in need of almost immediate assistance, we find a part of the Bay of St. Paul les Eboulements, St. Andre, Caconah and Rimous-mentioned in our last, the directors have dete kie."

Dr. Eustis.-The English papers intimate that our minister at the Hague will shortly return to America.

The Light House at Nantucket was destroyed by fire on the 14th instant.

United States Bank.—In addition to the plaza

mined to establish branches at Portsmouth, N.K and Savannah, Georgia.-We stated a brand would be established at Chilicothe, Obio; it wa mistake of the Philadelphia paper; it is Cincinnat Admiral Milne.—It is said that admiral Milne, Joaquin Joze Vasques, jr. Esq. of New-York, he who distinguished himself at Algiers, has been been recognized, by the President, as consul ge appointed to take command of the Halifax sta-neral of the kingdom of Portugal.

Lieutenant Governor.

6,570

John Vawter,

47

For Christopher Harrison,

John M. Forbes, American consul for the north of Europe, sailed from Boston on the 13th inst. in the ship Telegraph for Liverpool

John Quincy Adams.-The Baltimore Patriot states upon the authority of a letter from George Town, that J. Q. Adams is to be recalled from London, and appointed secretary of state.

The Philadelphia papers say, that Mr. Daschcoff, the Russian minister, has changed his determination of withdrawing from the U. States, under a hope that something will occur to prevent de necessity of such a step.

"MINA'S EXPEDITION.

We have conversed with a gentleman just ar rived from Port-au-Prince, from whence he sailed After the governor had delivered his commu- on the 29th ult. who states that general Mina had nication, and the appointment of committees, &c. sailed from that place on his expedition in the Cathe legislature proceeded to elect senators to re-ledonia-That captain Boyle of Baltimore, in the present that State in the senate of the United States-the votes were

For James Noble,
Walter Taylor,
James Scott,

26

20

16

The two first were declared duly elected, having a plurality of votes.

George M. Troup, of Georgia, late a representative in congress from that State, has been elected a senator in congress, in the place of the hon. William W. Bibb, whose term for which elected, will end the fourth of March next. Mr. Bibb, on ascertaining that Mr. Troup was elected to succeed him in the senate, resigned his seat for the remainder of the term. It is probable that Mr. Troup will be chosen to fill that vacancy.

The speaker of the house of representatives (Mr. Clay) arrived in this city on Thursday last. Also the French minister, M. De Neuville.

The frigate Congress, captain Morris, sailed from Boston on the 16th instant, with a fine westerly wind, for the Gulph of Mexico.

The United States sloop of war Prometheus, captain Wadsworth, from New-York, with Mr. Coles, messenger to the court of Russia, bound to St. Petersburg, passed Elsineur on the 20th of September last.

Specie change-All the Banks in Cincinnati,

Calipso and another vessel, was in the expedition. Our informant conversed with captain Boyle, bet could not learn satisfactorily the place of their destination. He states there were about 250 Americans on board of the Caledonia, and that he || saw several prizes sent in there under the colurs of the United States. That one of them, supposed to be worth 100,000 dollars, was captured by the Swift of Baltimore. The Patriots have our best wishes for their success, but we do not believe the end can justify the means above alluded toCongress, we apprehend, will take up the subject in the early part of their session.

GENERAL POST OFFICE,

Nov. 16, 1816. The several Postmasters are hereby required, whenever a person, to whom a newspaper is addressed, ceases to take it out of the post-office, to advise the editor of the paper thereof; and to add if known, whether the person is dead, moved a way, or merely refuses. The mail is burthened with many newspapers, which are a loss to the proprietors as well as the public.

R. J. MEIGS, Jr. Postmaster Gen.

The proceedings of the court martial for the trial of Gen. Gaines is unavoidably postponed.