reason and justice, mainly contributed to its suppression, and hindered any of those dreadful acts which, under less reasonable and more tyrannical rulers, might have inflicted a blow on our energies and moral character. In 1800, Lord Spencer retired from office with Mr. Pitt; and, in the following year, in the debate upon the peace with France, he spoke in disapprobation of that event, deploring it as a calamity, in spite of the universal joy with which it was hailed by the country. He declared the country degraded, no single object of the war having been gained,-that we had sacrificed our means of protection, by cessions of country in every quarter of the world, which our gallant forces had conquered, and which would have secured us from the effects of the aggrandisement of France. In his speech upon this occasion, his Lordship thus concluded-"It had been said that we had protected our allies. What was the fact? How had we protected Portugal? It appeared that it was only a portion of her territory whose integrity was to be preserved. A part of the important province of Olivença was to be ceded. Our ally, the Prince of Orange, was not even named in the preliminaries, although, from his faithful attachment to us, he had lost both his territories and his station. Could it be said that Ceylon and Trinidad gave either sufficient indemnity for the past, or security for the future? In India, the bravery of our army had subdued Tippoo Saib, and placed the country out of danger; but by this peace, which surrendered to the enemy the Cape of Good Hope and Cochin, we afforded them an entrance into Malabar; while in South America, we had permitted Portugal to cede to France a strong military position at the mouth of the river Amazon. In the West Indies we had surrendered Martinique, and left the French in possession of St. Domingo. In the Mediterranean we had surrendered everything, to our own exclusion; and in Malta the French were to have equal footing with the English. In short, he saw nothing but a precarious peace. It was said, it was the interest of France to maintain this peace; but who had learned to cultivate the interest of an usurper? If ever peace was precarious, this was that peace. If ever precarious peace was dangerous, this was that peace. The French principles were triumphant, and adorned with all the attraction and dignity of success. He felt sorry to differ from Ministers, but considered it now most peculiarly his duty to support such measures of vigour as might give the country a chance of safety."

The last public act of Lord Spencer, was his acceptance of the seals of the Home Department, in the year 1806, when the Whigs came into

office.

In private life, Earl Spencer was kind and benevolent; and his memory will long be cherished by all who knew him, Many who partook of his bounty will lament his loss. He was a good landlord and neighbour, and an upright and enlightened magistrate, and ever ready to promote peace and good-will by his mediation. He never removed his neighbour's landmark, nor turned a deaf ear to the pleadings of the poor.

The late Earl married, in 1781, Lavinia, the daughter of Sir C. Bingham, afterwards Earl of Lucan; of which marriage was born, in 1782, John Charles Viscount Althorp (now Earl Spencer), and, we believe, three other sons-two of whom are in the navy, and one a Roman Catholic priest. He had also two daughters, both married.

THE BISHOP OF RAPHOE.

The death of the Bishop of Raphoe took place on the 5th of September, at Lessendrum, Aberdeenshire, his Lordship's family seat, where he was on a visit to his nephew. His Lordship was in the 77th year of his age. He was justly beloved and highly respected by his clergy, and all others to whom his many virtues were known. No one will be more universally regretted. His Lordship was known, in the literary world, as the author of a life of Edmund Burke. He succeeded Dr. Magee, late Archbishop

of Dublin, in the see of Raphoe, to which he was translated from the Archdeaconry of Ross by the Marquess Wellesley, in 1822. The Bishop of Derry, Dr. Ponsonby, succeeds to the patronage of the see of Raphoe, with the ecclesiastical superintendence-the temporalities of the see go to the Ecclesiastical Fund. The Bishop of Derry has the option of possessing the See House, Raphoe Castle, of which, it is expected, he will avail himself-the Derry Palace being far inferior to that of the late Bishop.

ADMIRAL SIR B. H. CAREW.

SIR BENJAMIN HALLOWELL CAREW entered the Navy at an early age, and was made a Lieutenant by Lord Hood on the 30th April, 1781, during the first American war, into H. M. ship Alcide, 74, and being afterwards removed into the Alfred, 74, had the honour of being in the glorious victory achieved by Lord Rodney on the 12th April, 1782. The Alfred was commanded by Capt. W. Bayne, who was killed in the fight, with twelve of her crew, and had 40 wounded. The Alfred was also present at the capture of two ships of the line, two frigates, and a corvette, in the Mona Passage, a week after the action, forming a part of Count de Glasse's retreating force. In 1791, the subject of this memoir was made a Commander in the Scorpion; from thence to the Camel; and posted into the Robust, of 74 guns, in 1793. During the whole period of his services as a Captain in the Navy, Sir Benjamin was constantly employed on the most arduous and meritorious service, having been selected by Lord Nelson to aid him in the repeated expeditions and attacks planned by that hero.

In the early part of 1797, his ship, the Courageux, having been driven from her anchorage in Gibraltar Bay, and lost on the African coast in a heavy gale of wind, while he was absent as a member of a court-martial, Sir Benjamin, in the action off Cape St. Vincent, on the 14th February, 1797, served as a volunteer on board the Victory; obtained from Sir John Jervis a strong recommendation to the Admiralty for his gallantry; was sent home with the duplicate despatches; and was, in consequence, appointed to the Lively. In conjunction with her boats and those of the Minerva, under the direction of Sir T. M. Hardy, then a Lieutenant, they cut out of Santa Cruz a French brig, called the Mutine, of 14 guns, to which that officer was appointed. At the battle of the Nile, Sir Benjamin commanded the Swiftsure, of 74 guns. This ship was engaged with the Franklin and L'Orient, and, when the latter took fire and blew up, fortutunately escaped injury by being to windward. The ship was so close, that the First Lieutenant, a Commissary, and ten men, were dragged into her by the Swiftsure's people! After the explosion, the Swiftsure, aided by the Leander, directed all her fire upon the Franklin, and compelled her to strike her colours. In the action, the Swiftsure only sustained a loss of seven killed and twenty wounded, although in the hottest of the fight. On the 23d May, Sir Benjamin sent to Lord Nelson the coffin, made from the wreck of the mainmast of L'Orient, in which his Lordship was buried. In June, 1801, Sir Benjamin was sent to escort a convoy; but unluckily quitted it to reinforce Sir J. B. Warren, and, in so doing, fell in with a French squadron of four ships of the line, and was captured. He was tried by a court-martial at Toulon, in August, 1801, and was honourably acquitted. In the short peace, he commanded the Argo, of 44 guns, and subsequently the Tiger, of 80 guns, and in that ship he continued to earn fresh laurels. He was nominated a Colonel of Marines in 1810; in August, he was promoted to the rank of Rear-Admiral, and hoisted his flag in the Malta, 84, in the Mediterranean. In January, 1815, he was made a K.C.B., and since the last peace, has had the naval commands at Cork and the Medway. Sir Benjamin was made a Vice-Admiral in August, 1819-an Admiral in July, 1830-and on the 6th June, 1831, a G.C.B. He had a gold medal presented to him for his services in the battle of the Nile. Two of his sons are in the navy.

540 Rear-Admiral Dundas-Rear-Admiral Sir M. Seymour.

REAR-ADMIRAL DUNDAS.

The late Rear-Admiral the Hon. George H. L. Dundas, C.B., was connected with the noble houses of Fitzwilliam and Dundas, in the county of York, and was in his 58th year. While a Lieutenant of the late Lord Keith's flag-ship, the Queen Charlotte, which caught fire at sea about three or four leagues from Leghorn, in the year 1800, he made himself remarkably active, both by precept and example, in endeavouring to extinguish the flames, but without effect; and when all further exertion became unavailing, he swam to an American brig, and thus preserved his life. His conduct on the occasion excited the admiration of all who had the good fortune to survive the catastrophe, and also of his distinguished Admiral. In Lord De Saumarez's actions, in 1801, off Algeziras, the subject of this memoir was Commander of the Calpe polacre, and his conduct was highly commended by that nobleman and the late Sir R. Keats; it enabled the latter to secure the San Antonio, 74, captured in the action, and in that ship Commander Dundas returned to England, and obtained his post rank. In 1806, Captain Dundas relieved the late Sir H. Blackwood in the Euryalus, which ship he had so ably commanded at Trafalgar, proceeded with her to the Mediterranean, joined the fleet under Lord Collingwood, and subsequently was actively employed in her until the year 1811, in various parts of the globe. In 1812, Captain Dundas took the command of the Edinburgh, 74, and in a variety of arduous services performed by that ship and H. M. S. America, Captain, now Vice-Admiral Sir Josias Rowley, off Leghorn, for nearly two years, he gained the high approval of that consummate judge of merit the late Lord Exmouth. Captain Dundas resigned the command of the Edinburgh at the termination of the war, and remained on half-pay until promoted to the rank of Rear-Admiral, in July, 1830; and on the present Administration attaining office, in 1831, he joined the Admiralty, with Sir James Graham. Rear-Admiral Dundas was a man of business, and his loss will be much lamented by a number of naval officers, whose claims and merits, in the course of his official capacity, he had become acquainted with, and was doing his utmost to reward. Rear-Admiral Dundas was nominated a Companion of the Bath in June, 1815, and in the last Parliament was elected representative for the Orkney Islands.

REAR-ADIMRAL SIR M. SEYMOUR.

Rear-Admiral Sir M. Seymour, Commander-in-Chief of the ships in South America, was born in the county of Limerick, in 1768, went to sea under the charge of the Honourable J. Luttrell, in the Merlin sloop of war, and served with that officer in the Portland, Mediator, and Ganges. In 1790, he was promoted to the rank of Lieutenant; and while in that capacity on board the Marlboro', in Lord Howe's action of the 1st June, 1794, had the misfortune to lose his arm. Sir M. Seymour commanded the Spitfire for five years, and was very successful in his captures. In 1800, he attained his post rank. While in command of the Amethyst, thirty-six-gun frigate, he captured off L'Orient, during the night of the 10th November, 1808, the Thetis, French frigate, of 44 guns, after a very long and severe action; and so highly was this action commended, that his Majesty, George III., presented Captain Seymour with a naval gold medal: he was also presented by the Corporations of Cork and Limerick with the freedom of those cities; and, from the Patriotic Fund, at Lloyd's, with a piece of plate, value 100 guineas. On the 6th April, 1809, Captain Seymour had the good fortune to fall in with the French frigate Neimen, of 46 guns and 319 men, and capture her after a gallant action, although short-handed, having a Lieutenant and thirty-seven men then absent in prizes. For this exploit, Captain Seymour was raised to the dignity of a Baronet of the United Kingdom. Sir M. Seymour afterwards commanded the Neimen and Hannibal, and in 1814, while senior of the squadron, cruizing off Cherbourg, captured La

Sultane, 44, French frigate, (a sister frigate had been made prize a day or two previous, to the Hebrus, Captain Palmer, C. B., after a long and desperate action). Sir Michael Seymour was nominated a K. C. B. in January, 1815, and commanded the Prince Regent yacht. On the death of the late Honourable Sir George Grey, he was specially appointed, by his late Majesty, to the Commissionership of Portsmouth Dock-yard; and on the flag promotion, in July, 1830, was placed on the list of retired Captains. When the present Government attained office, and made an alteration in the management of the Dock-yard, Sir Michael was removed to the list of RearAdmirals of the Blue, and offered the command of the squadron in South America, which he accepted, and sailed thither in January, 1833, with his flag in his Majesty's ship Spartiate.

THE HON. WM. ROBERT SPENCER.

William Robert Spencer, though well known to the reading public as a literary character, and as the author of many poems-some of which will transmit his name to posterity, when, perhaps, his family will be forgotten -was one of the most highly gifted and accomplished men of the age in which he lived, though a love of contemplation rather than of action, a natural-a constitutional indolence, governed him with irresistible sway, and forbade those exertions which would have ranked him among the great poets of his day, or have placed him in a situation where his e extensive knowledge and numerous attainments might have rendered him useful to his country, either in a diplomatic or legislative capacity. As a diplomatist, his qualifications were of a very superior kind. To an intimate acquaintance with the politics of the different courts of Europe, he added, what, indeed, enabled him to acquire this information, a thorough knowledge of the French, Italian, and German languages, which he spoke with a fluency and grace that excited the admiration of all the many welleducated and enlightened foreigners with whom he was in constant inter

course.

His

Like some to whom nature has been liberal in bestowing genius, but parsimonious in the more useful gifts of activity and steadiness of pursuit, Mr. Spencer shone with extraordinary brilliancy in conversation. knowledge was extensive, his memory retentive, and his wit ready, refined, and sparkling; but this was so invariably under the control of a benevolent disposition, of pure good-nature, that he was never known to exercise it in a manner to give even momentary pain.

The younger son of a younger son, Mr. Spencer, early in life, found it prudent to accept the appointment of commissioner of stamps. The office disqualified him for sitting in Parliament, and indeed would have been a bar to his distinguishing himself much in any line as a public man, had he been ambitious of high station, or willing to undergo the labour which would have led to fortune. But though he never became the colleague of statesmen, he was sought as their companion; and at his house in Curzonstreet, the two great political opponents, Mr. Pitt and Mr. Fox, met at least once as upon neutral ground, and enjoyed the charms of literary conversation and polished wit, unleavened by party feeling or a struggle for superiority. Among those, too, with whom he lived on terms of intimacy, were the Prince of Wales-when his Royal Highness knew how to appreciate intellect,-Sheridan, Dr. Laurence, Sidney Smith, Horner, and others of deservedly high reputation.

While young, Mr. Spencer married the Countess Jenison Walworth, a Roman lady, by whom he had a son, now living and in holy orders. During the last ten years he resided in Paris, where he died on the 22d of October, in the 66th year of his age; not missed, perhaps, because the state of his health had long condemned him to utter seclusion, but lamented by all who had known him, from whose memories the charms of his conversation and his social qualities can never be effaced.

MR. TELFORD, CIVIL ENGINEER.

Mr. Telford was in the 79th year of his age. The immediate cause of his death was a repetition of severe bilious attacks, to which he had for some years been subject. He was a native of Langholm in Dumfriesshire, which he left at an early age. His gradual rise from the stonemasons' and builders' yard to the top of his profession in his own country, or, we believe we may say, in the world, is to be ascribed not more to his genius, his consummate ability, and persevering industry, than to his plain, honest, straight-forward dealing, and the integrity and candour which marked his character throughout life.

Mr. Telford had been for time past by degrees retiring from professional business, to enable him the better to" adjust his mantle." He had of late chiefly employed his time in writing a detailed account of the principal works which he planned, and lived to see executed; and it is a singular and fortunate circumstance, that the corrected manuscript of this work was only completed by his clerk, under his direction, two or three days ago. His works are so numerous all over the kingdom, that there is hardly a county in England, Wales, or Scotland, in which they may not be pointed out. The Menai and Conway bridges, the Caledonian canal, the St. Katherine's docks, the Holyhead roads and bridges, the Highland roads and bridges, the Chirk and Pont-y-Cyssylltau aqueducts, the canals in Salop, and great works in that county, of which he was surveyor for more than half a century, are some of the traits of his genius which occur to us, and which will immortalize the name of Thomas Telford.

We have means of knowing that he was inclined to set a higher value on the success which has attended his exertions for improving the great communication from London to Holyhead, the alterations of the line of road, its smoothness, and the excellence of the bridges, than on the success of any other work he executed; but it seems difficult to draw a line of distinction with anything like nicety of discrimination, as to the degree of credit to which an engineer is entitled for ingenuity to plan, and the ability to execute, magnificent and puzzling improvements on the public communications of a great country. The Menai bridge will probably be regarded by the public as the most imperishable monument of Mr. Telford's fame. This bridge over the Bangor-ferry, connecting the counties of Carnarvon and Anglesea, partly of stone and partly of iron, on the suspension principle, consists of seven stone arches, exceeding in magnitude every work of the kind in the world. They connect the land with the two main piers, which rise fifty-three feet above the level of the road, over the top of which the chains are suspended, each chain being 1714 feet from the fastenings in the rock. The first three-masted vessel passed under the bridge in 1826. Her top-masts were nearly as high as a frigate; but they cleared twelve feet and a half below the centre of the road-way.

The Caledonian Canal is another of Mr. Telford's splendid works; in constructing every part of which, though prodigious difficulties had to be surmounted, he was successful. But the individuals in high station, now travelling in the most remote part of the island, from Inverness to Dunrobin Castle, or from thence to Thurso, the most distant town in the north of Scotland, will there, if we are not mistaken, find proofs of the exertion of Mr. Telford's talent, equal to any that appear in any other quarter of Britain. The road from Inverness to the county of Sutherland, and through Caithness, made, not only so far as respects its construction, but its direction, under Mr. Telford's orders, is superior in point of line and smoothness to any part of the road of equal continuous length between London and Inverness. This is a remarkable fact, which from the great difficulties he had to overcome in passing through a rugged, hilly, and mountainous district, incontrovertibly establishes his great skill in the engineering department, as well as in the construction of great public communications.