The Arabic Noun admits three inflections of case: Nominative, Genitive and Accusative.

The form of the Genitive serves likewise for the Dative and Ablative.

Nouns are Triptotes, Diptotes, and Monoptotes, or Indeclinable.

The Regular Declension of Arabic Nouns is that of Triptotes, which includes all Nouns not excepted in the following cases:

In Triptotes the Nominative ends in, the Genitive in —, the Accusative in or ≤.

DIPTOTES.

All Duals and Regular Plurals are Diptotes.

Duals form the Nominative in, the Genitive and

Accusative in as N. writer, Gen. and Acc.

N. Acc..

. تعتين plate, Gen. and Ace قصعتان . كاتبين

☺), the Genitive and Accusative in, as N. iogo

believer, Fem., Gen. and Acc. ☺liege.

A large class of Diptotes form the Nominative by accenting the terminal letter with dammah, and the Genitive and Accusative with fethah. Such are

Jeil, as N. mal,, Gen. and Acc. ll.

they are Triptotes, thus from orphan, Fem. A,

we have Masc. N. l, Gen. Jel, Acc. Leyl

is not formed in , thus from, Fem.,

1311

have Masc. N. angry, Gen. and Acc..

3. Substantives and Adjectives Singular, and Irregular Plurals ending in hamzah, preceded by Alif accented with maddah, as

If the alif-hamzah be part of the root, they are Tri

ptotes, as N. Î, cloak, Gen. AJ, Acc. J.

4. Irregular Quadrisyllabic Plurals, of which the first two syllables are accented with fethah, the third with kesrah, as

If these names be Triliteral, and the second letter

be jezmated, they may be also treated as Triptotes, as

Under the head of Diptotes may be likewise ranged nouns whose last letter is preceded by kesrah. Of these the N. and G. are alike, and end in

The

Accusative ends in, or in Derivatives from the De

When a Noun ends in, or, preceded by fethah, it admits no variation of case, as Nom., Gen.

531

and Acc. rod, mill, good news, i

memorial,

.presents هدايا ,medicine شفا