elist is also the author of several notable poems. 4. Water which is composed of oxygen and hydrogen is necessary to life. 5. He that will not work shall not eat. 6. The man whom I want to see is gone. 7. The cloud which had scattered so deep a murkiness over the day had now settled into a solid and impenetrable mass. 8. I that denied thee gold will give my heart. 9. The books which help you most are those which make you think most. 10. The judge who was a shrewd fellow winked at the iniquity of the decision. Exercise 14 Rewrite, punctuating: 1. The man who had first spoken then arose and asked the attention of the audience. 2. The man who proved to be an escaped convict had in his possession one of the missing papers. 3. I once ascended the spire of Strassburg Cathedral which is the highest I think in Europe. 4. After a short interval Charles turning to Philip who in an attitude of deep respect stood awaiting his commands thus addressed him. 5. The river being flooded my uncle whose temper had been growing worse all day broke out into a series of snorts grumblings and sputterings which would have been laughable at any other time. 6. However if we have to do it we might as well do it now. 7. Lastly in the name of human nature itself in the name of both sexes in the name of every age in the name of every rank I impeach the common enemy and oppressor of all. 8. But they are choosing neither a king nor a president else we should hear a most horrible snarling. 9. They flew to the better country the upper day. 10. If I were you Minnie said the king I would run home to my mother. Exercise 15 Rewrite, punctuating and capitalizing: Mr. Smith who has the reputation of being a generous uncle was talking to little johnnie his nephew well johnnie he said how are you getting along with your french oh very well uncle we have nice sensible sentences now the lesson this morning read my uncle never forgets met at christmas and i hope he will give me a sled a bicycle and a pony this time if he knew how much i want them he would i am sure. Exercise 16 Rewrite, punctuating and capitalizing: Francis Wilson the comedian tells this story many years ago i was a member of a company playing she stoops to conquer one evening in a small town a man without any money stepped up to the box-office and said pass me in please the box-office man gave a loud harsh laugh pass you in what for he asked the applicant drew himself up and answered haughtily what for why because i am oliver goldsmith the author of the play oh i beg your pardon sir replied the box-office man hastily seizing his pencil he wrote out an order for a box. Exercise 17 Rewrite, punctuating: I. If you see Margaret to-day please give her this book. 2. The house is brilliantly lighted the rooms are decorated and everything is in readiness for the arrival of the guests. 3. Though he slay me yet will I trust him. 4. If the good is there so is the evil. 5. God made the country man made the town. 6. He holds his watch in his left hand but clutched in such a manner that you cannot see the dial-plate. 7. When he died poor people lost one of their best friends. 8. As they now gazed for the last time on that revered form and listened to the parting admonitions from his lips they were deeply affected. 9. Smooth back your curls Annie and let me tie on your bonnet and we will set forth. 10. When Duty whispers low Thou must Exercise 18 Rewrite, punctuating: 1. To err is human to forgive divine. 2. My end draws nigh 'tis time that I were gone. 3. To be really wise we must labor after knowledge to be learned we must study to be great in anything we must have patience. 4. Worth makes the man the want of it the fellow. 5. Then shook the hills with thunder riven then rushed the steeds to battle driven. 6. They were not a handsome family they were not well dressed their shoes were far from being waterproof their clothes were scanty. 7. Homer was the greater genius Virgil the better artist. 8. It ought to have been enough to satisfy him but it was not. 9. Suddenly in the air before them not farther up than a low hilltop flared a lambent flame. 10. While working his way through college he saved a hundred dollars. Exercise 19 Rewrite, punctuating: 1. Irving was born in 1783 Longfellow in 1807 and Holmes in 1809. 2. The Normans rallied and the day was lost. 3. Who was that short sturdy plainly dressed man? 4. It was a strange thing to do nor was it very easy I should imagine to dig out all those teeth from the dead dragon's jaw. 5. Leave me here and when you want me sound the bugle horn. 6. Every town had its fair every village its wake. 7. Although defeated so many times he never gave way to discouragement. 8. Sink or swim live or die survive or perish I give my hand and my heart to this vote. 9. Then up rose Mrs. Cratchit Cratchit's wife dressed out but poorly in a twice turned gown but brave in ribbons and she laid the cloth assisted by Belinda Cratchit her second daughter also brave in ribbons. 10. Nobody jostles her all turn aside to make way for little Annie and what is most singular she appears conscious of her claim to such respect. APPENDIX C WRITING ADVERTISEMENTS Countless advertisements are written every year, and millions of dollars are paid to print them. One authority puts the total annual expense of printed forms of advertising at six hundred millions of dollars. One million was spent in one year in advertising a single cereal. The "Century Magazine" charges two hundred and fifty dollars for a full page advertisement. "The Ladies' Home Journal" charges seven dollars and fifty cents for a single agate line (there are fourteen such lines to the inch) the width of one column for a single insertion. And yet, very many advertisements do not pay. It has been estimated that seventy-five per cent of all advertisements are a loss; and still the other twenty-five pay so well that business men feel that they must advertise. In many cases it is impossible to tell beforehand whether an advertisement will succeed or not. It is a good deal like presenting a play: the managers and actors cannot tell in advance whether the play will attract the public. For this reason it is difficult to give many suggestions which will inevitably bring success in the writing of advertisements; but there are some which must be followed, or failure is certain. As a rule, the picture which usually accompanies an advertisement catches the reader's attention, and so takes some of the burden from the writer. But a conscientious writer will try to make his advertisement as interesting as if no extraneous aid accompanied it. The average reader feels that he is paying you a compliment in reading your advertisement; thus you must work doubly hard to win his interest. He will not be interested if you are wordy or ambiguous. For example, it is stated that a famous firm lost money in England by using in advertising the expression, "The smile that won't come off," because "come off" to the English conveys the meaning of "happen." Let every word, then, be absolutely clear, and as definite and forceful as possible. Before you can write thus, you must think over your material again and again, trying to shape it in different ways until your mind is thoroughly accustomed to looking at it in all possible forms. This means that you must choose words that are applicable to the thing you are advertising, and to nothing else. For example, the following advertisement is poor, because it might apply to several different things: "The in its fourth year of existence has endeared itself to old friends, and is winning new ones. No family once having tested it, can afford to be without it. No judge, however severe, can fail to testify to its excellence. If the purchaser is not satisfied with it, we cheerfully refund his money. For full particulars. apply to the pany, New York." Com The—, then, might be baking-powder, or breakfast food, soap, a chest-protector, or a sewing-machine. If your article is something to eat, arouse in the first line your reader's desire to taste it; if it is a musical instrument, appeal to his sense of hearing; if it is a pair of woolen hose make him feel how pleasant the warm contact of the wool would be. Consider your object thoroughly, make yourself a real admirer of the object, see how it feels or looks or tastes or sounds to you, and then make your reader feel that effect. Further, you must catch your reader's attention at once. He may be stepping into the street car, and for one instant |