ENERGY TRANSFORMATIONS IN THE SYNCHRONOUS CONVERTER William S. Franklin Vol. xxii-1903, pp. 17-33 Analysis of the energy relations in synchronous converters to determine the amount of energy which is conductively transferred from one circuit to the other, and the amount which is transferred inductively. Brief discussion of armature reaction. Discussion, pp. 34-37, by Samuel Sheldon. Criticism of Prof. Franklin's method. Charles P. Steinmetz CONSTANT-CURRENT MERCURY ARC RECTIFIER Vol. xxiv-1905, pp. 371-393 Description of mercury arc rectifier system covering operative characteristics, performance tests with various kinds of load, and theory and calculation of the electrical constants. Discussion, pp. 394-396, by Messrs. J. W. Lieb, Jr., John W. Howell, Percy H Thomas, F. A. C. Perrine, E. F. Northrup, and Charles P. Steinmetz. Criticism of rectification theory based on properties of arc. First description of rectification with mercury arc. Type of instruments suitable for measurement of rectified currents. W. L. Waters SYNCHRONOUS CONVERTERS AND MOTOR-GENERATORS Vol. xxiv-1905, pp. 717-732 Comparative speeds, costs and efficiencies of synchronous converters for different voltages and ratings at 25 and 60 cycles. Discussion of operative characteristics of synchronous converters-e. m. f. control, commutation, armature reaction, heating, mounting and mechanical design. Discussion, pp. 733-740, by Messrs. Gano S. Dunn, F. G. Proutt, Charles P. Steinmetz, L. C. Marburg, H. G. Stott, Morgan Brooks, J. W. Lieb, Jr., and W. L. Waters. Advantages of induction motor in motor-generator sets. Effect of high armature reaction on surging. Operation of synchronous converters in parallel and their behavior under short circuit. SHUNT AND COMPOUND-WOUND SYNCHRONOUS CONVERTERS FOR RAILWAY WORK converters. Discussion, pp. 554-557, by Messrs. J. B. Taylor, P. M. Lincoln and W. L. Waters. General remarks pro and con compound wound synchronous converters. P. M. Lincoln MOTOR GENERATORS VS. SYNCHRONOUS CONVERTERS Vol. xxvi-1907, pp. 303-311 Brief general analysis of the relative merits of synchronous converters, synchronous motor generator and induction motor generator from operative and economical standpoints. Discussion, pp. 312-349, by Messrs. A. H. Armstrong, W. L. Waters, H. G. Stott, Ralph D. Mershon, Charles W. Stone, Charles F. Scott, Philip Torchio, B. A. Behrend, J. R. C. Armstrong, A. H. Babcock, F. G. Baum, Ernst J. Berg, R. G. Black, Edward P. Burch, H. W. Buck, O. B. Coldwell, W. R. C. Corson, Henry Floy, Clarence E. Gifford, William B. Jackson, R. S. Kelsch, Farley Osgood, John C. Parker, H. F. Parshall, A. C. Pratt, Leo Schuler, Carl Schwartz, Guido Semenza, B. C. Shipman, Miles Walker, and J. B. Whitehead. General discussion of the relative merits of the synchronous converter, the synchronous motor generator and the induction motor generator with regard to reliability, voltage regulation, efficiency, cost, etc. Chas. W. Stone SOME DEVELopments in SYNCHRONOUS CONVERTERS Vol. xxvii-1908, pp. 181-189 Description of some mechanical details of the vertical type synchronous converter. Brief discussion of the advantages and disadvantages of different methods of voltage regulation including the booster and the split-pole methods. Discussion, incorporated with paper by J. E. Woodbridge on "Some Features of Railway Converter Design and Operation." SOME FEATURES OF SYNCHRONOUS CONVERTER DESIGN AND OPERATION J. E. Woodbridge Vol. xxvii-1908, pp. 191-216 Analytical study of the three-phase and the six-phase synchronous converter, with a demonstration of the advantages of the self-starting converters and a discussion of the theory and practice of compounding. Discussion (including paper by W. L. Waters on "The Non-Synchronous Generator in Central Station and Other Work," and paper by Chas. W. Stone on "Some Developments in Synchronous Converters"), pp. 217-254, by Messrs. C. F. Scott, Paul M. Lincoln, F. G. Clark, Chas. P. Steinmetz, Comfort A. Adams, J. R. Bibbins, Philip Torchio, J. B. Taylor, W. L. Waters, J. E. Woodbridge, and C. W. Stone. General discussion of the advantages and disadvantages of the induction generator from the operating standpoint. Split-pole vs. alternatingcurrent booster methods of e. m. f. regulation for converters. VOLTAGE RATIO IN SYNCHRONOUS CONVERTERS WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO THE SPLIT-POLE CONVERTER Comfort A. Adams Vol. xxvii-1908, pp. 959-985 Determination of e. m. f. wave-form from the harmonic analysis of the flux distribution curve. The method is fully developed and then applied to two and three-part pole converters. Discussion, incorporated with paper by J. L. Woodbridge on “Application of Storage Batteries to Regulation of Alternating-Current Systems." INTERPOLES IN SYNCHRONOUS CONVERTERS B. G. Lamme and F. D. Newbury Vol. xxix-1910, pp. 1625-1653 Analytical discussion of commutation in direct-current generators and synchronous converters, with reference to the advantages and disadvantages of commutating poles. General summary of the factors that limit the economical output of various types of converters. Discussion, pp. 1654-1678, by Messrs. Gano Dunn, H. F. T. Erben, C. P. Steinmetz, Jens Bache-Wiig, P. M. Lincoln, J. L. Burnham, C. W. Stone, C. A. Adams, and B. G. Lamme. General remarks on the use of commutating poles in synchronous converters, with special reference to interurban service where load factor is very low. Additional data on the design and limitating factors in synchronous converter construction. 10. STEAM BOILERS AND PRIME MOVERS P. 0. Keilholtz ANGULAR VARIATION IN STEAM ENGINES Vol. xviii-1901, pp. 703-740 Mathematical investigation of the turning moments due to steam and to inertia of the reciprocating parts, developing method of determining the relation between balancing effect of fly-wheel and the deviation from the position of absolutely uniform speed. Description of method of measuring any velocity variations by means of electrically driven tuning fork with detailed results of tests on a tandem compound engine. Discussion, incorporated with that of paper by Walter I. Slichter on "Angular Velocity in Steam Engines in Relation to Paralleling of Alternators." PARALLEL OPERATION OF ENGINE-DRIVEN ALTERNATORS W. L. R. Emmet Vol. xviii-1901, pp. 745-751 Account of the development of an anti-surging device for application to engine governors to enable parallel operation of alternators under all conditions of load. Discussion, incorporated with that of paper by Walter I. Slichter on "Angular Velocity in Steam Engines in Relation to Paralleling of Alternators." ANGULAR VELOCITY IN STEAM ENGINES IN RELATION TO PARALLELING OF ALTERNATORS Walter I. Slichter Vol. xviii-1901, pp. 759-771 Analytical discussion of causes and effects of irregular crank effort. Actual analysis of performance of engine of given design. Discussion (included with that of paper by P. O. Keilholtz on "Angular Variations in Steam Engines," paper by Chas. P. Steinmetz on "Speed Regulation of Prime Movers and Parallel Operation of Alternators," paper by W. L. R. Emmett on "Parallel Operation of Engine Driven Alternators," and paper by Ernst J. Berg on "Parallel Running of Alternators"), pp. 772-800, by Messrs. R. H. Rice, Jas. A. Seymour, C. F. Scott, R. D. Mershon, W. L. R. Emmet, B. A. Behrend, and August H. Kruesi. General remarks on requirements of parallel operation of alternators and cause and remedy for hunting. Relation between regulation characteristics of engine and division of load. Methods of measuring angular deviation. ECONOMICAL AND SAFE LIMITS IN THE SIZE OF CENTRAL STATIONS H. A. Lardner Vol. xxi-1903, pp. 407-416 Brief discussion of the factors that bear upon the relative economy of one large and several small stations. Probable effect of steam turbines on size of generator units. Actual figures as to most economical size of steam engine. Classified advantages and disadvantages of large central stations. Discussion, incorporated with that of paper by Peter Junkersfeld on "Multiple Versus Independent Operation of Units and Central Stations." J. R. Bibbins GAS POWER FOR CENTRAL STATIONS Vol. xxii-1903, pp. 767-790 Analysis of the performance of a number of gas engine stations, covering the operation characteristics, the economy and cost of operation and maintenance. Discussion of the advantages of operating a gas-electric station in connection with gas works, with estimated revenues and cost of operation and maintenance. Much data in tabular form and in form of characteristic curves. Discussion, pp. 791-797, by Messrs. Ralph D. Mershon, Philip Torchio, Herbert A. Wagner, H. G. Stott, and J. R. Bibbins. Fixed charges of gas-electric and steam-electric plants. Amount of jacket water required by gas engines under different conditions. Relative importance of labor and maintenance with gas and steam engines. NOTES ON FLY-WHEELS H. H. Barnes, Jr. Vol. xxiii-1904, pp. 353-363 Analytical study of relation of fly-wheel effect to hunting, giving directions for predetermining the natural frequency of oscillation of a given system. Discussion, pp. 461-466, by Messrs. H. H. Barnes, Jr., W. S. Franklin, Clarence P. Feldman, and H. Y. Hall, Jr. General remarks on hunting of water-turbine, gas-engine and steamengine driven machines. POWER PLANT ECONOMICS Henry G. Stott Vol. xxv-1906, pp. 1-27 Complete analysis of the losses involved in the transformation of heat energy from coal into electrical energy, the data being taken from one year's record in the power plant of the Interborough Rapid Transit Company. Characteristics and maintenance and operation charges for various prime movers-steam engines, steam turbines, steam engines and exhaust turbines, gas engines, gas engines and steam turbines. Methods of operation suggested whereby best plant economy could be improved. Discussion, pp. 28-60, by Messrs. E. W. Rice, Jr., Chas. E. Lucke, C. C. Chappelle, W. L. R. Emmett, F. E. Junge, Calvert Townley, Hartley LeH. Smith, Paul M. Lincoln, W. E. Moore, Rudolph Wintzer, and J. R. Bibbins. General discussion of the characteristics, economy and cost of operation of various prime movers, with special reference to low pressure turbines and gas engines. Notes on gas engine practice in Europe. Effect of load factor on cost of electric energy. |