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W. B. Jackson, Dugald C. Jackson, Edwin W. Olds, Bertrand P. Rowe, Stephen Q. Hayes, C. W. Hutton; William McClellan, and L. A. Herdt. General discussion of the interior high-tension wiring, with special reference to the advisability of enclosing the conductors in fireproof compartments.

SWITCHBOARD PRACTICE FOR VOLTAGES OF 60,000 AND UPWARDS Stephen Q. Hayes Vol. xxvi-1907, pp. 1333-1357 Brief general discussion of factors which enter into the choice and arrangement of control apparatus in high-tension plants, with special reference to oil switches and circuit breakers. Designs for 60,000 and 100,000-volt stations given to demonstrate the relative space required.

Discussion, pp. 1358-1362, by Messrs. P. M. Lincoln, F. B. H. Paine, D. B. Rushmore, H. W. Buck, J. B. Taylor, William McClellan, W. N. Smith, L. C. Nicholson, S. Q. Hayes, J. H. Finney, F. G. Baum, and Ralph D. Mershon.

Use of extra line wire for emergency service. ductors to pin type insulators.

Method of tying con

THE NON-SYNCHRONOUS GENERATOR IN CENTRAL STATION AND OTHER WORK W. L. Waters Vol. xxvii-1908, pp. 157-180 General characteristics of induction generator; method of operation; methods of excitation; regulation; behavior on short circuits; advantages in connection with steam turbine and gas engine drive.

Analytical discussion of its suitability to different kinds of servicelarge and small central stations and in the production of direct-current with steam turbines.

Discussion, incorporated in paper by J. E. Woodbridge on "Some Features of Railway Converter Design and Operation."

W. S. Lee

PARALLEL OPERATION OF HYDROELECTRIC PLANTS

Vol. xxix-1910, pp. 547-557 General discussion of some of the economic advantages of operating hydroelectric plants in parallel, with all plants tied into one large hightension distribution system, based on experience with plants of the Southern Power Company located on the southern slopes of the Appalachian Mountains.

Discussion, pp. 558-571, by Messrs. W. S. Lee, Charles E. Waddell, Percy H. Thomas, David B. Rushmore, A. M. Schoen, Carl Hering, H. N. Muller, W. L. Waters, Charles F. Scott, and Edward W. Shedd.

General discussion of the parallel operation of hydro-electric plants, with special reference to the use of induction generators and the regulation of speed and e. m. f.

PARALLEL OPERATION OF THREE-PHASE GENERATORS, WITH THEIR NEUTRALS

George I. Rhodes

INTERCONNECTED

Vol. xxix-1910, pp. 765-790 Analytical development of the relations between the factors that produce neutral currents in star-connected generators with interconnected neutrals, so as to permit a close predetermination of the magnitude of the currents, followed by an application of the equation to existing generators, the results being checked by tests. Remedies for the prevention of these currents are suggested.

Discussion, pp. 791-807, by Messrs. H. J. Ryan, S. J. Lisberger, G. I. Rhodes, C. L. Cory, L. B. Stillwell, C. F. Adams, Paul Downing, E. F. Scattergood, W. F. Lamme, P. M. Lincoln, C. A. Adams, S. B. Charters, Jr., W. A. Hillebrand, Ralph D. Mershon, and H. Y. Hall.

Some experience with plants operating with star-connected generators with interconnected neutrals. Laboratory reproduction of these conditions. Feasibility of applying author's remedies.

THE MODERN OIL SWITCH WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO SYSTEMS OF MODERATE VOLTAGE AND LARGE AMPERE CAPACITY

A. R. Cheyney

Vol. xxix-1910, pp. 1091-1108 Analytical discussion of the present status of oil switch construction, pointing out lines along which future progress is apt to take place. Record of performance of 90 oil switches in actual service.

Discussion, pp. 1109-1124, by Messrs. Peter Junkersfeld, Ford W. Harris, C. W. Stone, D. B. Rushmore, C. P. Steinmetz, W. I. Donshea, V. Karapetoff, G. F. Sever, A. R. Cheyney, and E. M. Hewlett.

General remarks on design and operation of oil switches. Experience in operation and results of experimental study.

INTERPOLES IN SYNCHRONOUS CONVERTERS

B. G. Lamme and F. D. Newbury

Vol. xxix-1910, pp. 1625-1653 Analytical discussion of commutation in direct-current generators and synchronous converters, with reference to the advantages and disadvantages of commutating poles. General summary of the factors that limit the economical output of various types of converters.

Discussion, pp. 1654-1678, by Messrs. Gano Dunn, H. F. T. Erben, C. P. Steinmetz, Jens Bache-Wiig, P. M. Lincoln, J. L. Burnham, C. W. Stone, C. A. Adams, and B. G. Lamme.

General remarks on the use of commutating poles in synchronous converters, with special reference to interurban service where load factor is very low. Additional data on the design and limitating factors in synchronous converter construction.

P. O. Keilholtz

12. PARALLEL OPERATION

ANGULAR VARIATION IN STEAM ENGINES

Vol. xviii-1901, pp. 703-740 Mathematical investigation of the turning moments due to steam and to inertia of the reciprocating parts, developing method of determining the relation between balancing effect of fly-wheel and the deviation from the position of absolutely uniform speed. Description of method of measuring any velocity variations by means of electrically driven tuning fork with detailed results of tests on a tandem compound engine.

Discussion, incorporated with that of paper by Walter I. Slichter on "Angular Velocity in Steam Engines in Relation to Paralleling of Alternators."

SPEED REGULATION OF PRIME MOVERS AND PARALLEL OPERATION OF
ALTERNATORS

Charles P. Steinmetz

Vol. xviii-1901, pp. 741-744 Brief consideration of the features of speed regulation that affect parallel operation of alternators.

Discussion, incorporated with that of paper by W. I. Slitchter on "Angular Velocity in Steam Engine in Relation to Paralleling of Alternators."

PARALLEL OPERATION OF ENGINE-DRIVEN ALTERNATORS

W. L. R. Emmet

Vol. xviii-1901, pp. 745-751 Account of the development of an anti-surging device for application to engine governors to enable parallel operation of alternators under all conditions of load.

Discussion, incorporated with that of paper by W. I. Slichter on “Angular Velocity in Steam Engine in Relation to Paralleling of Alternators."

PARALLEL RUNNING OF ALTERNATORS

Ernst J. Berg Vol. xviii-1901, pp. 753-757 Development of equation covering the principles of parallel operation of alternators, showing the effect of armature reaction, the cause of hunting and remedy.

Discussion, incorporated with that of paper by W. I. Slichter on “Angular Velocity in Steam Engine in Relation to Paralleling of Alternators."

ANGULAR VELOCITY IN STEAM ENGINES IN RELATION TO PARALLELING
OF ALTERNATORS

Walter I. Slichter

Vol. xviii-1901, PP. 759-771 Analytical discussion of causes and effects of irregular crank effort. Actual analysis of performance of engine of given design.

Discussion (included with that of paper by P. O. Keilholtz on “Angular Variations in Steam Engines,” paper by Chas. P. Steinmetz on "Speed

Regulation of Prime Movers and Parallel Operation of Alternators," paper by W. L. R. Emmett on "Parallel Operation of Engine Driven Alternators," and paper by Ernst J. Berg on "Parallel Running of Alternators"), pp. 772-800, by Messrs. R. H. Rice, Jas. A. Seymour, C. F. Scott, R. D. Mershon, W. L. R. Emmet, B. A. Behrend, and August H. Kruesi.

General remarks on requirements of parallel operation of alternators and cause and remedy for hunting. Relation between regulation characteristics of engine and division of load. Methods of measuring angular deviation.

OPERATION OF SYNCHRONOUS CONVERTERS

S. C. Lindsay
Vol. xxiii-1904, pp. 345-351
Account of experience with the parallel operation of 60-cycle synchro-
nous converter, where much trouble was experienced from hunting.
No discussion.

NOTES ON FLY-WHEELS

H. H. Barnes, Jr.

Vol. xxiii-1904, pp. 353-363 Analytical study of relation of fly-wheel effect to hunting, giving directions for predetermining the natural frequency of oscillation of a given system.

Discussion, pp. 461-466, by Messrs. H. H. Barnes, Jr., W. S. Franklin, Clarence P. Feldman, and H. Y. Hall, Jr.

General remarks on hunting of water turbine, gas engine and steam engine driven machines.

CONDITIONS FOR CONTINUOUS SERVICE OVER LINES OPERATED IN PARALLEL M. H. Gerry, Jr. Vol. xxiii-1904, pp. 547-550 Brief description of method of operating two transmission lines in parallel. Wiring diagram.

Discussion, p. 551, by Messrs. Ralph D. Mershon and P. H. Thomas.

SOME FEATURES AFFECTING THE PARALLEL OPERATION OF SYNCHRONOUS MOTOR-GENERATOR SETS

Vol. xxv-1906, pp. 113-136

J. B. Taylor Analysis of phenomena causing unequal division of load between synchronous motor-generator sets, with requirements in design, construction and operation necessary to overcome these difficulties. Tests showing magnitude and character of unbalanced condition. Detailed directions for starting synchronous motor-generator sets.

Discussion, pp. 137-138, by Messrs. W. L. Waters and J. B. Taylor.

Experience in parallel operation of synchronous motor-generator sets.

Morgan Brooks

INTERACTION OF SYNCHRONOUS MACHINES

Vol. xxvi-1907, pp. 1027-1046 Development of a circle diagram for representing the physical relations and quantities of ideal synchronous machines in parallel operation. Mathematical analysis of the problem and expressions for the input, output, losses, efficiency and synchronizing power.

Discussion, pp. 1047-1048, by Messrs. E. J. Berg, Charles P. Steinmetz, and Comfort A. Adams.

Practical limitations of Professor Brook's method. Origin of the circle diagram used in the paper.

W. S. Lee

PARALLEL OPERATION OF HYDROELECTRIC PLANTS

Vol. xxix-1910, pp. 547-557 General discussion of some of the economic advantages of operating hydroelectric plants in parallel, with all plants tied into one large hightension distribution system, based on experience with plants of the Southern Power Company located on the southern slopes of the Appalachian Mountains.

Discussion, pp. 558-571, by Messrs. W. S. Lee, Charles E. Waddell, Percy H. Thomas, David B. Rushmore, A. M. Schoen, Carl Hering, H. N. Muller, W. L. Waters, Charles F. Scott, and Edward W. Shedd.

General discussion of the parallel operation of hydroelectric plants, with special reference to the use of induction generators and the regulation of speed and e. m. f.

PARALLEL OPERATION OF THREE-PHASE GENERATORS, WITH THEIR NEUTRALS George I. Rhodes

INTERCONNECTED

Vol. xxix-1910, pp. 765-790 Analytical development of the relations between the factors that produce neutral currents in star-connected generators with interconnected neutrals, so as to permit a close predetermination of the magnitude of the currents, followed by an application of the equation to existing generators, the results being checked by tests. Remedies for the prevention of these currents are suggested.

Discussion, pp. 791-807, by Messrs. H. J. Ryan, S. J. Lisberger, G. I. Rhodes, C. L. Cory, L. B. Stillwell, C. F. Adams, Paul Downing, E. F. Scattergood, W. F. Lamme, P. M. Lincoln, C. A. Adams, S. B. Charters, Jr., W. A. Hillebrand, Ralph D. Mershon, and H. Y. Hall.

Some experience with plants operating with star-connected generators with interconnected neutrals. Laboratory reproduction of these conditions. Feasibility of applying author's remedies.

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