§ 45. A. With the pronouns solcher and welcher, and the indefinite numerals (aller, anderer, einiger, etlicher, keiner, mehrerer, vieler, mancher), the use differs. When preceded by these words, the adjective takes generally the strong termination in the nominative singular and in the nominative and accusative plural, but in the other cases the adjective takes regularly the weak termination:

Nom. sing.

folcher großer Mann, G. solches großen Mannes.

Nom. and Acc. pl. folche große Männer, G. solcher großen Männer.

B. When two or more adjectives precede a noun, all have the termination of the first:

Mit frohem, kindlichem Gemüth, with a joyful, childlike mind.

C. An adjective preceded by an indefinite numeral and an article (Ex. 1), or by two pronouns (Ex. 2), is inflected according to that word which immediately precedes it:

1. Ein jedes gute Kind, every good child.

2. Dieser, mein lieber Sohn, this, my dear son.

D. One pronoun does not affect the inflection of another:

In diesem meinem Hause bin ich Herr. In this my own house I am the master. E. Some participles and adjectives, used with a pronominal meaning, require the adjective following them to be declined according to the weak declension. Such words are-folgender, nachstehender, vorstehender, obiger, voriger, erwähnter, etc.: Folgender wichtige Satz (like dieser The following important sentence.

wichtige Satz).

Nach oben erwähnter (Dat.) unter uns getroffenen (Dat.) Abrede.

According to the above mentioned agreement made between us.

2. COMPARISON OF ADJECTIVES.

A. THE COMPARATIVE.

46. The comparison of equality is expressed by fo, as, or eben so, just as, before the adjective, followed by wie, as, after the adjective;

as

1. Marie ist so (eben so) liebenswürdig wie ihre Schwester.

2. Er ist eben so gut wie reich.

Marie is as (just as) amiable as

her sister.

He is just as good, as he is rich.

$47. The comparison of superiority between two qualities in one person or one thing is expressed by mehr, more, or cher, rather, before the first adjective, and als, than, before the second; as—

1. Er war mehr todt als lebendig.

He was more dead than alive.

2. Sie ist eher hübsch als schön.

She is rather pretty than beautiful.

§ 48. The comparison of superiority of one and the same quality possessed by two or more persons or things is expressed by

adding er to the positive degree-fleißig, fleißiger. The English than is rendered by als; as—

1. Sein Bruder ist fleißiger als er.

2. Er ist weiser als sein Bruder.

His brother is more diligent than he.

He is wiser than his brother.

Only r is added when the adjective ends in e (see Ex. 2).

Most adjectives of one syllable, in the comparative and superlative degrees, change the vowel a, o, u into ä, ö, ü: lang, long, länger; groß, great, größer; kurz, short, fürzer.

(For exceptions see § 51.)

§ 49. The comparison of inferiority between two qualities in one person or one thing is expressed by-weniger or minder, less; nicht so, not so; nicht so wohl, not so much, before the first adjective, and als, than, before the second; as

1. Der Tisch ist weniger breit als lang. Er ist nicht so böse als hitzig.

3. Sie ist nicht so wohl hübsch als eitel.

The table is less broad than long.
He is not so angry as passionate.
She is not so much pretty as vain.
en drop the e of these syllables in

§ 50. Adjectives ending in el, er, the comparative, but retain it in the superlative, when they drop the e of the termination; as—

edel, edler, edelst, noble (see § 53); munter, muntrer, munterst, cheerful.

§ 51. The following monosyllabic adjectives do not change the vowel in the comparative and superlative degrees (see § 53):

blaß, blasser, blassest, pale.
brav, braver, bravst, brave.

bunt, bunter, buntest, variegated.
dumpf, dumpfer, dumpfst, dull.
fahl, fahler, fahlst, fallow.
fade, fader, fadest, insipid.
falsch, falscher, falschest, false.
flach, flacher, flachst, shallow.
froh, froher, frohst, cheerful.
glatt, glatter, glattest, smooth.
hohl, hohler, hohlst, hollow.
hold, holder, holdest, fair.
kahl, kahler, kahlst, bald.
farg, farger, kargst, stingy.
knapp, knapper, knappst, tight.
lahm, lahmer, lahmst, lame.

blau, blauer, blaust, blue; faul, fauler, faulst, idle; etc.

§ 52. The comparatives and superlatives of adjectives are declined like adjectives in the positive degree (see §§ 40-42).

B. THE SUPERLATIVE OF COMPARISON.

§ 53. The superlative of comparison is formed by adding est or st to the adjective; est is used only after a d-sound, a t-sound or a hissing sound (5, B, sch, 3), in all other cases ft is used (see § 48 and § 51); as

berühmt, famous, berühmter, berühmtest; schön, beautiful, schöner, schönst. Er ist der berühmtest-e Mann der He is the most famous man in the Stadt (see § 52).

Dies ist sein neust-er Rock.

town.

This is his newest coat.

§ 54. When the superlative of comparison is used as a predicate, it is generally preceded by am (the preposition an contracted with the definite article, dative case singular, masculine), and takes the dative termination en:

süß, süßer, am süßesten, sweet, sweeter, sweetest.

Diese Birne ist süß, jene ist süßer,

diese ist am süßesten.

This pear is sweet, that is sweeter, this is the sweetest.

C. THE SUPERLATIVE OF EMINENCE.

§ 55. The superlative of eminence is generally expressed by one of the following adverbs :

5, fünf.

18, achtzehn.

6, sechs.

19, neunzehn.

7, sieben.

20, zwanzig.

8, acht. 9, neun. 10, zehn. 11, elf.

12, zwölf.

21, ein und zwanzig.
22, zwei und zwanzig.
23, drei und zwanzig.
30, dreißig.

40, vierzig.

two millions, zwei Millionen.

a million, eine Million.

100, hundert.

101, hundert und eins.
102, hundert zwei.

121, hundert ein und zwanzig.
200, zweihundert.
1,000, tausend.
2,000, zweitausend.
100,000, hunderttausend.
a billion, eine Billion.

a trillion, eine Trillion.

1873, Eintausend achthundert drei und siebzig.

§ 58. Eins is used (a) in counting-Ein 8, zwei, drei, one, two, three; (b) at the end of a compound numeral: hundert und eins, hundred and one; (c) in the following phrase: Es schlägt eins, it strikes one.

Ein stands at the beginning and in the middle of a compound numeral, and also in the following phrase: Es ist ein Uhr, it is one o'clock. Ein, eine, ein, are declined like the indefinite article:

Er hat nur einen Rock.

He has only one coat.

In writing the numeral ein, eine, ein is distinguished from the indefinite article by a capital letter, and in printing by italics.

§ 59. 3wei and drei are declined in the genitive and dative in cases where the genitive and dative are not indicated by the inflection of the noun or its attribute: Die Freundschaft zweier Knaben, the friendship of two boys. (Gen.) Er hat es dreien Knaben mitgetheilt, he has communicated it to three boys. (Dat.) But: Er hat es drei Freunden mitgetheilt, he has communicated it to three friends (because the dative plural is clearly indicated by the termination of the noun).