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FIRST REGULAR CONJUGATION

121. Verb, yuku, "to go" (stem yuk), active negative voice -continued.

Indicative

POTENTIAL FORMS

a) Indefinite Form........yuku-bekarazu

b) Present: Conclusive....yuku-bekarazu...........(I, etc.) will, shall, would,

Attributive........yuku-bekarazaru

should, may, might, or

ought not to go

c) Past: Conclusive.......yuku-bekarazariki........(I, etc.) should not, etc.,

[blocks in formation]

e) Hypothetical . . . . . . . . . .yuku-bekarazu(m)ba...... if (I, etc.) should not, etc., go f) Actual Concessive. . . . . .yuku-bekarazaredomo. ...though (I, etc.) should not,

yuku-bekarazu* to iedomo etc., go

g) Hypothetical Concessive yuku-bekarazaru mo......even if (I, etc.) should, etc.,

[blocks in formation]

n) Past: Conclusive.......yukazari-keri............. (I, etc.) did not go, have not gone, or had not gone

Attributive........yukazari-keru

Oblique

0) Conditional............ yukazari-kereba..........as, since, or when (I, etc.)

[blocks in formation]

did not go, have not

gone, or had not gone

yukazari-keredomo.......though(I, etc.) did not go, FIRST REGULAR CONJUGATION

have not gone, or had not

gone

* Sometimes yukazaru-beshi (§ 172).

† At present the use of forms in maji is largely confined to epistolary writings.

122. Verb, kiru, "to cut," passive affirmative voice* (stem

kir, sign of passive ar, remainder of inflections same as for second conjugation).

[blocks in formation]
[blocks in formation]

(I, etc.) was, have, has, or

Attributive..

kirareshi

had been cut

d) Second Past: Conclusive kiraretari.

(I, etc.) was, etc., cut

Attributive..

kiraretaru

(I, etc.) was, etc., cut

Attributive........kiraretarishi

(I, etc.) was, etc., cut

e) Third Past: Conclusive kiraretariki

f) Fourth Past: Conclusive kirarenu.

g) Future: Conclusive. . . . . kiraren, kirarenan or...... (I, etc.) shall or will prob

Attributive..

Attributive..

Oblique

h) Present Conditional

i) Past Conditional.

j) Present Hypothetical...kirareba.

ably be cut

as, since, or when (I, etc.)

am, etc., cut

.as, since, or when (I, etc.)

was, etc., cut

.if (I, etc.) am, etc., cut

... if (I, etc.) had been cut

Oh that I could be cut!

though (I, etc.) will actually
be cut

[blocks in formation]

o) Past Concessive. . . . . . . . kirareshikadomo.........though (I, etc.) was, etc.,

even if (I, etc.) be cut

[blocks in formation]

* Used also as a potential and honorific. See §§ 189 and 194.

be cut!

being cut

FIRST REGULAR CONJUGATION

123. Verb, kiru, "to cut," passive affirmative voice-con

[blocks in formation]

be cut

f) Actual Concessive. . . . . . kiraru-bekeredomo.......though (I, etc.) should, etc.,

kiraru-beshi to iedomo

g) Hypothetical Concessive kiraru-beku mo . . . . . . . . . . even if (I, etc.) should, etc.,

[blocks in formation]

kirare-takereba..

Oblique

k) Conditional.

1) Hypothetical.

m) Concessive.

.as, since, or when (I, etc.)

want to be cut kirare-taku(m)ba......... if (I, etc.) want to be cut kirare-takeredomo.......though (I, etc.) want to be

[blocks in formation]

ILLATIVE FORMS

Indicative

n) Past: Conclusive.......kirare-keri.............. (I, etc.) was, etc., cut

Attributive.

Oblique

0) Conditional.

p) Concessive.

kirare-keru

kirare-kereba.......

as, since, or when (I, etc.) was, etc., cut

kirare-keredomo.........though (I, etc.) was, etc., cut 1) Gerund..

FIRST REGULAR CONJUGATION

124. Verb, kiru, "to cut," passive negative voice (stem kir,

sign of passive ar, remainder of inflections as in second conjuga

[blocks in formation]

e) Past Conditional....... kirarezarishikaba.........as, since, or when (I, etc.)

kirarezarishi ni yotte

am not cut, have not been

cut, or had not been cut

Present Hypothetical...kirarezu(m) ba............ if (I, etc.) am, etc., not cut g) Past Hypothetical. kirarezariseba. . . . . . . . . if (I, etc.) had not been cut kirarezarishi naraba

h) Present Actual

Concessive..........kirarezaredomo.......... though (I, etc.) am, etc.,

i) Present Hypothetical Concessive.

kirarenedomo

not cut

kirarezu to iedomo

kirarezaru mo

j) Past Concessive. . . . . . . . kirarezarishikadomo......

kirarezarishi to iedomo

even if (I, etc.) am, etc., not

cut

though (I, etc.) am not cut, have not been cut, or had not been cut

[blocks in formation]

.....be cut not, will not be cut

......(by) not having been cut, FIRST REGULAR CONJUGATION

kirarezu..

kirarezu ni

kirarezu shite

kirarede r

(by) not being cut

125. Verb, kiru, "to cut," passive negative voice-continued.

Indicative

POTENTIAL FORMS

a) Indefinite Form. . . . . . . .kiraru-bekarazu

b) Present: Conclusive....kiraru-bekarazu.......

Attributive........kiraru-bekarazaru

kiraru-bekarazarishi

c) Past: Conclusive.......kiraru-bekarazariki.......(I, etc.) should not, etc.,

Attributive.

Oblique

d) Conditional

e) Hypothetical.

kiraru-bekarazareba.. as, or since (I, etc.) should

kiraru-bekarazu(m)ba..... if (I, etc.) should not, etc.,

kiraru-bekarazu to iedomo etc., be cut

f) Actual Concessive......kiraru-bekarazaredomo....though (I, etc.) should not,

g) Hypothetical Concessive kiraru-bekarazaru mo. . . . . even if (I, etc.) should, etc.,

[blocks in formation]

n) Past: Conclusive.......kirarezari-keri...........(I, etc.) was not cut, have

Attributive..

Oblique0) Conditional..

kirarezari-keru

kirarezari-kereba.........as, since, or when (I, etc.)

p) Concessive............kirarezari-keredomo...... though (I, etc.) was not cut,

(I, etc.) will, shall, would, should, may, might, can, could, must, or ought not to be cut

have been cut

not, etc., be cut

be cut

not be cut

Same renderings as for

corresponding Potential Forms

not been cut, or had not been cut

was not cut, have not, or had not been cut

have not been cut, or had not been cut

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