Allectus murders Carausius, and usurps his station, ii, 107.
Alp Arslan, sultan of the Turks, his reign, x, 17.

Alypius, governor of Britain, is commissioned by the emperor Już
lian to rebuild the temple of Jerusalem, iv, 37.

Amala, king of the Goths, his high credit among them, i, 327.
Amalasontha, queen of Italy, her history and character, vii, 44.
Her death, 48.

Amalphi, description of the city, and its commerce, ix, 370,
Amazons, improbability of any society of, ii. 39, note.

Ambition, reflections on the violence, and various operations of
that passion, viii, 188.

Ambrose, St. composes a treatise on the Trinity, for the use of
the emperor Gratian, iv, 317, note. His birth, and promotion
to the archbishopric of Milan, 346. Opposes the Arian worship
of the empress Justina, 348. Refuses obedience to the Imperial
power, 352.
Controls the emperor Theodosius, 372. Imposes
penance on Theodosius for his cruel treatment of Thessalonica,
173. Employed his influence over Gratian and Theodosius, to
inspire them with maxims of persecution, v, 1. Opposes Sym-
machus, the advocate for the old Pagan religion, 8. Comforts

the citizens of Florence with a dream, when besieged by Rada-
gaisus, 107.

Amida, siege of, by Sapor king of Persia, iii, 175. Receives the
fugitive inhabitants of Nisibis, iv, 132. Is besieged and taken
by Cabades king of Persia, vi. 352.

Amir, prince of Ionia, his character, and passage into Europe, x,
416.

Ammianus the historian, his religious character of the emperor Con-
stantius, iii, 301. His remark on the enmity of Christians to-
wards each other, 343. His account of the fiery obstructions to
restoring the temple of Jerusalem, iv, 39. His account of the
hostile contest of Damascus and Ursinus for the bishopric of
Rome, 176. Testimony in favour of his historical merit,
301. His character of the nobles of Rome, v, 148.

Ammonius, the mathematician, his measurement of the circuit of
Rome, v, 166.

Ammonius, the monk of Alexandria, his martyrdom, viii, 19.
Amorium, siege and destruction of, by the caliph Motassem, ix,
189.

Amphilochus, bishop of Iconium, gains the favour of the emperor
Theodosius by an orthodox bon mot, iv, 328.

Amphitheatre at Rome, a description of, ii, 87.—xi, 360.
Amrou, his birth and character, ix, 64. His invasion and conquest
of Egypt, 65. His administration there, 79. His description
of the country, 80.

Amurath I. sultan of the Turks, his reign, x, 416.

Amurath II. sultan, his reign and character, xi,129.

Anachorets, in monkish history, described, vi. 101.
Anacletus, pope, his Jewish extraction, xi, 270.
Anastasius I. marries the empress Ariadne, vi. 238. His war with
Theodoric the Ostrogoth, king of Italy, 253. His economy ce-
lebrated, €41. His long wall from the Propontis to the Euxine,
346. Is humbled by the Catholic clergy, vii, 51.

Anastasius II, emperor of Constantinople, viii, 121. His prepa-
ration of defence against the Saracens, ix, 137.

Anastasius, St. his brief history and martyrdom, vii, 419, note.
Anatho, the city of, on the banks of the Euphrates, described, iv,
86.

Andalusia, derivation of the name of that province, ix, 100, note.
Andronicus, president of Libya, excommunicated by Synesius,
bishop of Ptolemais, iii, 255, 256.

Andronicus Comnenus, his character, and first adventures, viii,
176. Seizes the empire of Constantinople, 186. His unhappy
fate, 189.

Andronicus the elder, emperor of Constantinople, his superstition,
x, 345. His war with his grandson, and abdication, 350.
Andronicus the younger, emperor of Constantinople, his licentious
character, x, 345. His civil war against his grandfather, 350.
His reign, 354. Is vanquished and wounded by sultan Orchan,
409. His private application to pope Benedict of Rome, xi, 57.
Angora, battle of, between Tamerlane and Bajazet, xi, 64.
Anianus, bishop of Orleans, his pious anxiety for the relief of that
city, when besieged by Attila the Hun, v, 375.

Anician family at Rome, brief history of, v, 142.

Anna Comnena, character of her history of her father, Alexius I.
emperor of Constantinople, viii. 170. Her conspiracy against
her brother John, 172.

Anthemius, emperor of the West, his descent and investiture by
Leo the Great, vi, 42. His election confirmed at Rome, 43.
Is killed in the sack of Rome by Ricimer, 62.

Anthemius, prefect of the East, character of his administration,
in the minority of the emperor Theodosius the younger, v, 272.
Anthemius the architect, instances of his great knowledge in me-
chanics, vi, 333. Forms the design of the church of St. Sophia
at Constantinople, 335.

Anthony, St. father of the Egyptian monks, his history, vi, 81.
Anthropomorphites, among the early Christians, personifiers of the
Deity, viii, 9.

Antioch, taken and destroyed by Sapor king of Persia, i, 364.
Flourishing state of the Christian church there, in the reign of
Theodosius, ii, 300.

history of the body of St. Babylas, bishop of, iv, 30. The
cathedral of, shut up, and its wealth coufiscated, by the emperor

Julian, 52. Licentious manners of the citizens, 69. Popular discontents during the residence of Julian there, 71.

Antioch, sedition there, against the emperor Theodosius, iv, 364. The city pardoned, 368.

is taken, and ruined, by Chosroes king of Persia, vii, 134. Great destruction there by an earthquake, 223. Is again seized by Chosroes II. 416.

is reduced by the Saracens, and ransomed, ix, 57. covered by the Greeks, ix, 208.

Is re

besieged and taken by the first crusaders, x, 100. Antonina, the wife of Belisarius, her character, vii, 9. Examines and convicts Pope Sylverius of treachery, 71. Her activity during the siege of Rome, 72. Her secret history, 91. Founds a convent for her retreat, 215.

Antoninus, a Roman refugee at the court of Sapor king of Persia, stimulates him to an invasion of the Roman provinces, iii, 173. Antoninus Pius, his character, and that of Hadrian, compared, i, 11. Is adopted by Hadrian, 101.

Antoninus Marcus, his defensive wars, i, 11. Is adopted by Pius at the instance of Hadrian, 102. His character, 113.

His war

against the united Germans, 216. Suspicious story of his edict in favour of the Christians, ii, 369.

Aper, Arrius, pretorian prefect, and father-in-law to the emperor Numerian, is killed by Diocletian as the presumptive murderer of that prince, ii, 91.

Apharban, the Persian, his embassy from Narses king of Persia to the emperor Galerius, ii. 125.

Apocalypse, why now admitted into the canon of the Scriptures, ii, 253, note.

Apocaucus, admiral of Constantinople, his confederacy against John Cantacuzene, x, 361. His death, 363.

Apollinaris, bishop of Laodicea, his hypothesis of the divine incarnation of Jesus Christ, viii, 13.

Apollinaris, patriarch of Alexandria, butchers his flock in defence of the Catholic doctrine of the incarnation, viii, 90).

Apollonius of Tyana, his doubtful character, ii, 31, note.

Apotheosis of the Roman emperors, how this custom was introduced, i, 91.

Apsimar, dethrones Leontius emperor of Constantinople, and usurps his place, viii, 116.

Apulia, is conquered by the Normans, ix, 356. Is confirmed to them by papal grant, 363.

Aquileia, besieged by the emperor Maximin, i, 246. Is taken and destroyed by Attila king of the Huns, v. 388.

Aquitain, is settled by the Goths, under their king Wallia, v, 225. Is conquered by Clovis king of the Franks, vi, 163.

Arabia, its situation, soil, and climate, viii, 286. Its division into the Sandy, the Stony, and the Happy, 288, 289. The pastoral Arabs, 289. Their horses and camels, 291, 292. Cities of, 295. Manners and customs of the Arabs, 297. Their language, 305. Their benevolence, 306. History and description of the Caaba of Mecca, 309. Religions, 313. Life and doctrine of Mahomet, 316. Conquest of, by Mahomet, 364. Character of the caliphs, ix, 4. Rapid conquests of, 7. Limits of their conquests, 131. Three caliphs established, 160. Introduction of learning among the Arabians, 165. Their progress in the sciences, 168. Their literary deficiencies, 174. Decline and fall of the caliphs, 197, 198.

Arbetio, a veteran under Constantine the Great, leaves his retirement to oppose the usurper Procopius, iv, 156.

Arbogastes, the Frank, his military promotion under Theodosius in Gaul, and conspiracy against Valentinian the younger, iv, 379. Is defeated by Theodosius, and kills himself, 385.

Arcadius, son of the emperor Theodosius, succeeds to the empire of the East, v, 123. His magnificence, 236. Extent of his dominions, 237. Administration of his favourite eunuch Eutropius, 239. His cruel law against treason, 246. Signs the condemnation of Eutropius, 252. His interview with the revolters Tribigild and Gainas, 254. His death, and supposed testament, 270. Architecture, Roman, the general magnificence of, indicated by the existing ruins, i, 57,

Ardaburius, his expedition to Italy, to reduce the usurper John, v, 289.

Argonauts, the object of their expedition to Colchos, vii, !40. Ariadne, daughter of the emperor Leo, and wife of Zeno, her

character, and marriage afterward with Anastasius, vi, 238. Arii, a tribe of the Lygians, their terrific mode of waging war, ii, 65. Arinthæus is appointed general of the horse by the emperor Julian

on his Persian expedition, iv, 84. Distinguishes himself against the usurper Procopius, 155.

Ariovistus seizes two-thirds of the lands of the Sequani in Gaul, for himself and his German followers, vi, 177.

Aristobulus, principal minister of the house of Carus, is received into confidence by the emperor Diocletian, ii, 96.

Aristotle, his logic better adapted to the detection of error than for the discovery of truth, ix, 170.

Arius is excommunicated for heretical notions concerning the Trinity, iii, 280. Strength of his party, ibid. His opinions examined in the council of Nice, 284. Account of Arian sects, 289. Council of Rimini, 293. His banishment and recal, 297. 299. His suspicious death, 299.

the Arians persecute the Catholics in Africa, vi, 105. Armenia is seized by Sapor king of Persia, i, 361. Tiridates

382

restored, ii, 116. He is again expelled by the Persians, 121. Is resigned to Tiridates by treaty between the Romans and Persians, 129.

Armenia is rendered tributary to Persia, on the death of Tiridates, iii, 117. Character of Arsaces Tiranus, king of, and his conduct toward the emperor Julian, iv, 80. Is reduced by Sapor to a Persian province, 207.

its distractions and division between the Persians and the Romans, v. 223.

history of Christianity there, viii, 86, 87.

Armies of the eastern empire, state of, under the emperor Maurice,

vii. 402.

Armorica, the provinces of, form a free government independent of the Romans, v, 229. Submits to Clovis king of the Franks, vi, 154. Settlement of Britons in, 215.

Armour, defensive, is laid aside by the Romans, and adopted by the barbarians, iv, 389.

Arnold of Brescia, his heresy and history, xi, 233.

Arragon, derivation of the name of that province, i, 26, note. Arrian, his visit to, and description of, Colchos, vii, 146. Arsaces Tiranus, king of Armenia, his character, and disaffection to the emperor Julian, iv, 80. Withdraws his troops treacherously from the Roman service, 103. His disastrous end, 207. Arsenius, patriarch of Constantinople, excommunicates the emperor Michael Palæologus, x, 320. Faction of the Arsenites, 321. Artaban, king of Parthia, is defeated and slain by Artaxerxes king of Persia, i, 263.

his conspiracy against the emperor Justinian, vii, 185. Is intrusted with the conduct of the armament sent to Italy, 190. Artasires, king of Armenia, is deposed by the Persians at the instigation of his own subjects, v, 285.

Artavasdes, his revolt against the Greek emperor Constantine V. at Constantinople, viii, 206.

Artaxerxes restores the Persian monarcny, i, 263. Prohibits every worship but that of Zoroaster, 272. His war with the Romans, 279. His character and maxims, 283.

Artemius, duke of Egypt, under Constantius, is condemned to death under Julian, for cruelty and corruption, iii, 390.

Arthur, king of the Britons, his history obscured by monkish fictions, vi, 210.

Arvandus, pretorian prefect of Gaul, his trial and condemnation by the Roman senate, vi, 54.

Ascalon, battle of, between Godfrey king of Jerusalem and the sultan of Egypt, x, 118.

Ascetics, in ecclesiastical history, account of, vi, 79.

Asclepiodatus reduces and kills the British usurper Allectus, ii,

107.