first Budget-Supply-Ways and Means. Income Tax-Debate on the Resolutions relative to it-Resolutions-Debate on the Report. Bargain for Part of the Loan. Further Debates on the Income Tax in the House of Commons-Debates on the same Bill in the House of Lords-Amendments made in the same Bill in the House of Commons after its Return from the House of Lords. Vote of Credit for Three Millions on Exchequer Bills. Subsidy to Russia. Further Vote of Credit for Three Millions to enable his Majesty to make good Engagements. Second Budget-Ways and Means— New Taxes. Resolutions relative to the Service of Ireland. Mr. Tierney's Motion relative to the Finances of the Country-Debate on that Subject. India Budget, CHAP. IV. 106 Amended Bill for the Redemption of the Land-Tax-Debates on this Bill. Regulations respecting Ecclesiastical Property and Corporations. Amended Bill for Scotland. New Arrangements respecting the Militia, Volunteer and Provisional Cavalry. Debate on the Slave Trade, CHAP. V. 153 Retrospect of the State of Europe in 1798. Revolution of Switzerland. Discontent of the Subject Classes against the old Governments. Protection given to the Peasantry. Vices of the old Government. Complaints and Petitions of the Pays-de-Vaud. Court of High Commission in the Pays-deVaud. Di positions of the Canton of Berne torvards France. Violations of the Neutrality on the Part of Switzerland. Acknowledgment of the French Republic by the Swiss Confederation. Reclamations of the Pays de Vaud. Interference of the French Government. Insurrection of the Paysde-Vaud. Preparations for a Revolution in the Canton of Basil. Incorporation of Mulhausen into the French Republic. Meeting of the Dict of the Swiss Cantons at Arau. Insurrection at Arau. Entry of the French Army into the Pays-de-Vaud, and the Countries of the former Bishopric of Basil. Revolution in the Canton of Basil. Convocation of the Deptties of the Communes of the Canton of Berne. Resolutions and Proclamations of that Assembly. Circular Letter of the French Commissary respecting the Proclamation. Dispositions of divers Cantons to a Change of Government. Reflections on the French Commissary's Proclamations. Disposition of the French Directory with respect to Switzerland. Fatal Effects of Divisions in the Swiss Cantons. Constitution for Switzerland formed by the Chancellor of Basil, and amended at Paris. Negotiations between the Canton of Berne and the French General. Revolution at Schaffhausen. Armistice granted to the Canton of Berne. Indecision of the Government of Berne. Arrival of Reinforcements to the Sviss and French Armies Propositions of the French General to the Canton of Berne rejected. Commercement of Hostilities. Further Pro'ongation of the Armistice. Truce broken. Soleure and Fribourg taken by the French. Di orders among the Swiss Troops. Provisionary Government at Berne. Negotiations rejected by the French General. March of the French Troops t wards Berne. Valour of the Swiss Troops. Entry of the French into Berne. Massacre of their Officers Officers by the Swiss Troops. Depredations of the French Soldiery in the Country, and of the French Generals in Berne. Revolutions of the Cantons of Zurich and Lucerne. Refusal of the lesser Cantons to accept the Constitu- tion. Contributions levied on the Aristocracy of Berne. Hostages sent to the Fortress of Huninguen. Meeting of Deputies from the Swiss Cantons at Arau. Formation of the Legislative Body. Nomination of Directors. Insurrection in the Canton of Lucerne. Invasion of the Canton of Zurich by the Troops of Acceptance of the Constitution by the lesser Cantons. lais. Despotic Conduct of the French Directory. Switzerland. Violences committed by the French Commissary at Zurich. Independent Conduct of the Swiss Government. Powers given to Rapinat by the French Directory. Changes in the Swiss Government made by the French Commissary. Disavowal of Rapinat's Conduct by the French Di- rectory. Compliance of the Helvetic Government with the Projects of the Di- rectory. Election of Ochs to the Helvetic Directory. Colonel Laharpe named Director. Remonstrances with the French Directory with respect to their Conduct in Switzerland. Cessation of French Tyranny in Switzerland. Retrospect continued. Reflections on the Constitutions given by the French Go- vernment to the new Republics. State of the Helvetian Republic. Revo- lution in the Government of Holland. Consequences of the Revolution. a Constitution by the new Government. Acceptance of the Constitution by the People. Geneva. Arguments in Favour of and against its Incorporation into the French Republic. Incorporation of Geneva. Articles of the Treaty. Congress of Radstadt. Reflections on the Propriety of con- waking a Congress. Claims of the French to the Right Side of the Rhine. Good Understanding between France, Prussia, and Austria. Opposition of the Deputation. Estimate of the Value of the Country demanded. The Perseve- rance of the French in their Demands. Concession of the Left Side of the Rhine to the French. Project of Indemnities aceeded to. Mode of Secularisation. New. Propositions made by the French. Reflections on the Conduct of the French. a new Coalition against France. Opposition of the Imperial Minister to the Claims of the French. Concessions of the French. Embarrassment of the Deputation of the Empire. State of the Negotiations at Radstadt. Do- mestic Situation of France. Seizure of English Merchandise. Law respect- ing neutral Vessels. State of the Departments. Extension of the Criminal Law. Military Commissions. Constitutional and Jacobin Clubs shut up. Elections to the Legislative Body. Proclamation of the Directory against the Jacobin Party. Proposal of preventing the Nomination of Jacobins. Bill of Exclusion. Debates on the Subject. Exclusion of the Jac bins in Paris and the Departments. Election of a new Director. Reflections on the Expedition of Egypt. Preparations at Tulon, and Nature of the Arma- ment. Conquest of Malia. Conditions of the Surrender. Escape of the Pyramids. Entrance into Cairo. Pursuit of Murad Bey into Upper Egyptof Ibrahim Bey towards Syria. Administration of Lower Egypt. Defeat and Capture of the French Fleet by Admiral Nelson. Situation of the French Army in Egypt. Formation of a National Institute in Egypt. Assembly of Chiocks at Cairo. Celebration of the Anniversary of the French Republic in Egypt. Insurrection at Cairo. Reflections on the Invasion of Egypt, 204 CHAP VII. Retrospect continued. Political Situation of Holland. Refusal of the Legislative and Executive Powers to abandon their Functions. Remonstrances against this Measure. Revolt against the Government in Holland. Provisionary Government formed. Nomination of Constitutional Legislative and Executive Powers. State of the French Armies on the Rhine. Conference at Seltz. Appearance of Hostilities between the Empire and France. State of Public Corruption in the French Republic. Las respecting the Uniformity of Weights and Measures. Extension of the Powers of Military Commissions. Expedition of the English against Ostend. Plan of Universal Conscription for keeping up the National Force in France. Despotic Influence of the Directory over the Legislative Body. Situation of the Cisalpine Republic. Nomination of the legislative and Executive Powers by Bona. parte. Treaty of Alliance between the Cisalpine and Fench Republics. Divisions in the Councils. Acceptance of the Treaty. Arbitrary Conduct of the French at Milan. Formation of a new Constitution for the Cisalpine Republic, by a Member of the French Directory. Conduct of the French Embassader at Milan. The Cisalpines accept the proposed Constitution. Negotiation with the French Directory against its Application. Revolution in the Government at Milan effected by the Fench. Consequences of the Revolution. Finances. Prolongation of the Powers of the Directory. Decadary Festiva's. Levy of Two Hundred Thousand Men. Enterprise on Ireland. American Negotiations. Insurrection in the United Departments. Change of Government in the Cisalpine Republic, effected by General Brune. Cisalpine Constitution accepted. Change of Government in the Cisalpine effected by Riraud. State of the Helvetic Republic. Insurrection in the Canton of Underwalden. Laws on Emigration. Treaty between the Helvetic and French Governments. State of the Ligurian Republic. Changes in the Ligurian Counci's, effected by the French Minister. Baxishment of the Disaffected and the Clergy Refusal of the Ligurians to place a French General at the Head of their Military Forces. Ligian National Institute. Failure of Negotiations between the Court of Portugal and the French Republic. Spain. State of the Batavian Republic. State of St. Domingo. Declaration of War by the Ottoman Porte. Entrance into the Grisons of the Austrian Troops. March of the Neapolitan Army. Declaration of War against the Kings of Naples and 3ardinia. Abdication of the King of Sardinia. Formation of a Provisionary Government. Entrance of the Neapolitan Army into Rome. Defeat of the Neapolitan Army, and Evacuation of Rome. Rejection of the Armistice offered by the Neapolitan General. View of the contending Parties at the Congress of Radstadt. Prepositions of the French Ministers. Ministers. Answer of the Deputation. Menacing Note of the French Ministers. Reply of the Deputation. Forcible Representations of the French Ministers. Concessions of the Deputation, CHAP. VIII. 227 Nociation at Radstadt. Note of the French Ministers on the March of the Rassians. Vote of the Deputation of the Empire. Dissatisfaction of the French Ministers. Declaration of the French Ministers to the Commissary of the Emperor. Vote of the Diet of Ratisbon. Passage of the Rh ne by the French Treps. Remonstrances of the Empire. Surrender of Ehrenbreitstein. Answer of the Court of Vienna respecting the March of the Russian Troops. DeCsion of the Diet. Threats of Hostilities by the French Ministers. Campaign of Naples. Refusal by Championet of the Armistice offered by the Neapolitan Government. Surrender of the Port of Gaeta on the Mediterraman. Progress of the Left Wing of the French Army on the Adriatic. Defeat of the Right Wing of Neapolitans. Insurrection of the Neapolitans. Sender of Pescara. Defeat of the Centre of the Neapolitan Army at Pops. Engagements between the French and Neapolitans before Capua. Defeat of the French Troops by the Insurgents in the Garigliano. General Insurrection against the French. New Propositions for the Surrender of Capua fused by Championet. Distressed Situation of the French Army. Massacre of the French. Fresh Proposals for the Surrender of Capua accepted Conditions of the Surrender. Flight of the King from Naples to Sicily. Reputation by Championet to the Directory of the Advantages of the Artice. Inculting Letter of the French Directory to Championet re-pectin the Armistice. Stated Causes of the Conduct of the Directory. Juncbon of the Left Wing of the French Army at Caserta. State of Parties at Nele Desertion of the Neapolitan Army to the French. Escape of Gewral Mack from Naples to the French Camp. Arrest of Mack, by Order the French Directory, at Milan. Lazzaroni in Possession of Naples. Attock of the Lazzaroni on the French Camp. Horrors committed by the Laz2 at Naples. Rupture of the Armistice. Invitation from the Inhabitants to the French to enter Naples. Advance of the French to Naples. Desperate Resistance of the Lazzaroni. Surrender of the Lazzaroni. Prodaxation of Championet. Provisionary Government of the Neapolitan Repub Reception by the Directory of the Embassadors from the Neapublic. balitan Republic Disobedience of Championet to the Decrees of the Directry. Arrest of Championet. Revolution of Lucca. Constitution of the new Republic of Lucca. State of Finances in France. Tax on Salt. Message of the Directory to the Council of Five Hundred. Opposition of the Council of Elders to the Directory. Observations on the Conduct of the Directory. Instances of the Despotism and Corruption of the Directory. First Symptoms of the ap. preaching Fall of the Directory. Pamphlet by Bouley de la Meurthe. Effect the Pamphlet on the Public Mind. Apprehensions of the Directory. Proclamations of the Directory precious to the Annual Elections. Coalition of Parties gainst the Directory, 267 СНАР. CHAP IX. Continuance of Negotiation at Radstadt. Preparations of the Belligerent Powers for taking the Field. Motives of Delay with the Austrians and the French. State of the French Armies. French pass the Rhine. Note and Proclamation of the French Directory on the Passage of the Troops. Vote of the Congress on the Note and Proclamation of the French Ministers. Disapprobation of the Imperial Commissary. Commencement of Hostilities between the Emperor and France. Order of March of the French Army. Plan of Attack. Order of March of the Austrian Army. Disposition of the Austrian Forces. Entrance of the French into the Grisons. Defeat and Capture of the Austrian Army in the Grisons. Success of the French in the Mountains of the Tyrol. Manœuvres of Jourdan's Army. Defeat of the French Division before Feldkirch. Respective Positions of the French and Austrian Armies. Engagements between the French and Austrian Armies. Second Defeat of the French before Feldkirch. Defeat of the French Army under Jourdan on the Danube. Consternation at Paris. Jourdan's Defence of his Conduct. Situation of the Army on his taking the Command. Nefarious Practices of the Minister of War. Correspondence between Jourdan, the Directory, and Minister of War. Operations of the French Army in the Tyrol. Extraordinary Manoeuvres of the French Army on the Alps. Defeat of the Austrians. Occupation of important Posts in the Tyrol by the French. Dismission of the Minister of War, Scherer. Scherer's Appointment to Commander in Chief of the Army in Italy. General Indignation of the Army at the Appointment. Attack of the French on the Austrian Line at Verona. Success of Moreau's Division across the Adige. Failure of Scherer's in front of Verona. Renewed Attack on the Austrian Lines. Defeat of Scherer's Army. of the French from the Adige. Battle of Magnan. Further Defeat and Retreat of Scherer's Army. Situation of the French and Austrian Armies in Italy on the Arrival of the Russians. Retreat of the French Divisions from the Tyrol. Further Retreat of Divisions of Jourdan's Army. Operations of Massena in Switzerland. Movements of the Archduke. Schaff hausen taken. Reflections in War in mountainous Countrics. Further Retreat of the French in Italy. Arrival of Suwarrow in Italy. Command of the French Army transmitted from Scherer to Moreau. Retreat of the French behind the Adda. Capture of various Places by the Allies. Deci sion of the Dier of Ratisbon respecting the War. Recall of the Minister of the Empire from the Congress at Radstadt. Breaking up of the Congress. Declaration of the French Ministers. Publication of the supposed Secret Treaty of Campo-Formio. Details of the Murder of the French Plenipotentiaries at Radstadt. Reflections on this Assassination. Election of the thod Part of the Legislature of the French Republic. Intrigues of the Directors. Election of a new Director. Secession of Rewbell. Election of Sieves. Addresses to the Council against Scherer. Enormities committed by this Minister. Reflections on the Progress of the Allies in Italy. Military Situation of Moreau. Battle on the Adda. Defeat of the French on Entrance of the Allies into Milan. Reflections on the Condust of the French Government with Respect to the Cisalpine Republic. every Point. Retreat Situation |