Turner, George Webster, Pacific coast manager for the Northwestern National of Milwaukee, is a native of San Francisco, born there in 1860. He entered the insurance business in 1882 as a clerk with the Commercial insurance company; was afterward an insurance broker for some years, and then went into the service of the AngloNevada as solicitor and collector, besides filling various other positions, and left that company to take the management of the Northwestern National as general agent in February, 1889.

Turner, Henry R., general agent of the Niagara Fire and Caledonian for New England, is a native of Norwich, Conn. His early insurance experience was with the Thames of Norwich, afterwards in New York with the Yonkers, and New York Fire, and later with the Fairfield Fire of Connecticut, first as general agent and afterward its secretary. He entered the service of the Niagara in 1880, and for the past thirteen years has been its general agent for New England excepting Connecticut. Mr. Turner was president of the New England Insurance Exchange in 1888.

Tyson, George H., Pacific coast manager for the German-American insurance company of New York, was born in 1862, in Denmark. His parents were pioneers in California in 1849, and Mr. Tyson was born while his parents were on a visit to the old country. He has lived in California ever since he began his business life as an office boy with the Fireman's Fund in 1879, and has filled various positions in the company up to that of assistant secretary. In May, 1891, Mr. Tyson was taken from the office of the Fireman's Fund by the GermanAmerican, and given the management of their business on the Pacific coast. He is a member of the Chamber of Commerce and of the Fire Underwriters' Association of the Pacific, and was secretary of the association in 1891.

U

Underhill, John Quincy, vice-president and secretary of the Westchester Fire insurance company of New York, was born at New Rochelle, N. Y., February 19, 1848. At the age of twenty-one years he obtained a position as a bookkeeper in the office of the Westchester, and in 1876 was appointed superintendent of agents. He was elected secretary three years afterwards, and vice-president in 1892, retaining the secretaryship. Mr. Underhill has twice served as president of his native village, and is active in the public affairs of New Rochelle.

Underhill, William Wilson, president of the United States Fire insurance company of New York, was born in that city September 13, 1839. He was educated at Burlington, N. J., College and the University of Pennsylvania, was clerk in the commission business from 1858 to 1862, and entered the service of the United States Fire in 1862, to which he has since been attached a period of thirty-two years. He was assistant secretary in 1862, secretary in 1865, and was elected president in 1882. Mr. Underhill has been president of the Inland Underwriters' Association of New York City, secretary and treasurer of the Tariff Association of New York, and prominent in the state and local organizations of fire underwriters.

Underwriters' Agency. (Alexander Stoddard, manager.) See New York Underwriters' Agency.

Underwriters' Association of Cincinnati. This organization of fire insurance agents, at its annual meeting in December, 1893, elected the following officers: Francis H. Cloud, local agent of the Phoenix, of Hartford, president; Ed C. Harding, manager of the Bonsall agency, vice-president; K. F. Benndorf, resident manager of the Germania Fire of New York, treasurer; and Charles E. Marshall, secretary. The executive committee is composed of John H. Law, W. H. Calvert, and Frederick Rauh.

Underwriters' Association of the Middle Department. January 28, 1881, a few supervising and adjusting agents having charge of the states of Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Delaware, and Maryland, held a meeting, and believing "that a thorough concert of action" and acquaintance with the views of the agents relative to the best interests of underwriting were necessary, agreed to form a permanent organization, which was effected on July 19, 1881. The officers elected were: president, A. J. Foster; vice-president, J. B. Kelsey; secretary and treasurer, W. C. Goodrich. Quarterly meetings only were held, and these were more for the interchange of opinions than for making rates.

On May 9, 1883, it was resolved to re-organize on a different basis, and an association was formed, to be known as the "Underwriters' Association of the Middle Department," embracing the states of Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Delaware, Maryland, and District of Columbia. A new constitution and by-laws were adopted, and the officers elected were: president, E. C. Irvin; vice-presidents, J. H. Mitchell and B. H. Wood; secretary and treasurer, W. C. Goodrich.

The officers of the association since organization have been:

The present executive committee is composed of Benj. Bevier, chairman, W. B. Kelly, B. F. Walker, H. O. Kline, J. B. Kremer, Thos. C. Temple, Ross M. Wickham. Alfred E. Braddell and Morton E. Eden are the Electrical Inspectors.

In 1893 the northern counties of New Jersey were detached from the territory of the Middle Department and added to that of the Suburban Tariff Association [which see].

The following is a list of chairmen of district and standing committees for the year 1894:

COMMITTEES.

Underwriters' Association of the State of New York. This association, which is a rating and supervising body, having jurisdiction over the state of New York except Long Island and the counties of New York, Richmond, Westchester, Putnam, and Rockland, was organized at Syracuse, September 13, 1883. The presidents of the association have been: J. H. Van Buren, 1883-84; A. M. Burtis, 1884-85: O. W. Palmer, 1885-86; C. W. Du Bois, 1886-87; W. A. Holman, 1887-88; J. J. Babcock, 1888-89; George M. Elwood, 1889-1890; J. L. Kendig, 1890–91; T. E. Gallagher, 1891-92; C. L. Hedge, 1892–93; J. M. Carothers, 1893-94.

The following is a list of the companies which were represented in the association at the beginning of 1894:

Albany, Agricultural, American Central, American Fire of New York, American of Newark, American Fire of Philadelphia, Boylston, British America, Caledonian, Citizens of New York, Commerce, Commercial Union, Concordia Fire, Connecticut Fire, Continental, Equitable Fire and Marine of Providence, Fire Association of Philadelphia, Fireman's Fund, Firemen's of Baltimore, Franklin Fire, German-American, Glens Falls, Greenwich, Guardian of London, Hamburg Bremen, Hanover Fire, Hartford Fire, Home of New York, Imperial, Insurance Company of North America, Insurance Company of State of Pennsylvania, Lancashire, Lion, Liverpool and London and Globe, London Assurance Corporation, Manchester Fire, Mechanics & Traders of New Orleans, Merchants of Providence, National Fire of Hartford, New Hampshire Fire, Niagara Fire, Northern, Norwich Union, North British and Mercantile, Orient, Pacific, Pennsylvania Fire, Peoples Fire of Manchester, Phenix of Brooklyn, Phoenix of London, Phoenix of Hartford, Providence-Washington, Prussian National, Queen, Reading Fire, Rochester German, Royal, Security of London, Scottish Union and National, Springfield Fire and Marine, Spring Garden, St. Paul Fire and Marine, Sun of London, Teutonia, Union of London, United Firemen's, Westchester, Western of Toronto.

At the annual meeting of the association held in June, 1893, the following officers were elected: J. M. Carothers, president; C. H. Van Antwerp and I. H. Lindsley, vice-presidents; A. W. Selkirk, treasurer; W. J. Fredericks, secretary. The executive committee elected were: F. S. Tyler, chairman; H. A. Smith, G. W. Wyatt, George E. Congdon, and W. J. Mackay. The secretary's office is No. 109 Everson Building, Syracuse, N. Y.

LOCAL BOARDS.

The following is a list of the local boards under the jurisdiction of the association, arranged by counties:

STEUBEN. Addison and vicinity, Bath and

vicinity, Corning and vicinity, Hornells-
ville and vicinity.

ST. LAWRENCE. County Board.
SULLIVAN. County Board.

TIOGA. County Board.

TOMPKINS. County Board.

ULSTER. County Board.

WARREN. County Board.
WASHINGTON. County Board.

WAYNE. Eastern County Board, Western
County Board.

WYOMING. County Board.

YATES. County Board.

Underwriters' Exchange of Denver was organized at Denver, Col., in April, 1893, by general agents of fire insurance companies having jurisdiction in the mountain district. The objects of the association are the improvement of the fire insurance business and co-operation with other organizations having the same purpose in view. Twenty-one companies are represented. The officers are C. J. Holman, president, C. D. Dunlop, secretary.

Underwriters' International Electrical Association was organized by the electrical inspectors of the various fire underwriters' associations and fire insurance companies at a meeting held in the rooms of the New York Board of Fire Underwriters, December 7, 1892. The following officers were elected: C. E. Bliven, president, C. M. Goddard, secretary and treasurer. An "electric committee" was created.

A meeting of the electric committee of this organization was held at the rooms of the Chicago Fire Underwriters' Association August 17 to 19, 1893, inclusive. The full committee, composed as follows, was present:

F. E. Cabot, superintendent of the electrical department of the Boston Board of Fire Underwriters; George P. Low, electrical inspector of the Pacific Insurance Union; William McDevitt, inspector of the Philadelphia Fire Underwriters' Association; E. A. Fitz Gerald, electrical inspector of the Underwriters' Association of New York State: William H. Merrill, Jr., electrician of the Chicago Fire Underwriters' Association; Edward Leloup, electrical inspector of the South Eastern Tariff Association; A. E. Van Geisen, electrical inspector of the New York Board of Fire Underwriters; C. E. Bliven, western manager of the American Fire insurance company of Philadelphia; C. M. Goddard, secretary and electrician of the New England Insurance Exchange.

The following also were in attendance, and took part in the discussions of the committee:

G. F. Bottom, electrical inspector of the Board of Fire Underwriters of Kansas City, Mo.; George W. Cleveland, electrical inspector of the Cleveland Board of Underwriters; A. W. Bennett, electrical inspector of the Milwaukee Board of Fire Underwriters; C. C. Haskins, city electric light inspector of Chicago; J. J. S. Wilson, chief of city electrical inspection department of Chicago.

There were also in attendance at the meeting at various times many prominent underwriters connected with the Union and Chicago Fire Underwriters' Association.

The committee passed the first day and a half in the careful revision of the rules which were formulated by the association early in the year, and which have now been adopted by nearly all the underwriters' organizations in the United States. These rules were amended in some few points where experience and consultation indicated such amendments to be necessary.

Particular attention was given to the matter of the use of current from single trolley systems for lighting and power, and the prohibition contained in the rules on this point was amended so as to make it more emphatic, it being the unanimous opinion of all present that the hazard created by using a grounded system in insured buildings was