The Nervous System

acetylcholine acid action potential activity adrenergic afferent animals arterial auditory autonomic axons basal ganglia blood flow brain stem Ca2+ causes cell bodies cerebellar cerebellum cerebral cortex Chapter cones contraction cortical cyclic AMP decreased dendrites depolarization discharge dopamine dorsal effects electrical electrodes epinephrine excitatory Figure fluid frequency function gamma efferent ganglion gyrus heat hormone humans hypothalamus impulses increased inhibition inhibitory input layer lesions limbic lobe mechanisms median eminence mediator medulla membrane potential metabolism midbrain molecules motor neurons movement muscle spindles nerve endings nerve fibers nervous system neural norepinephrine normal nuclei occurs olfactory optic pain pathways permission Physiology pituitary plasma postcentral gyrus posterior postganglionic postsynaptic pressure produced protein Purkinje cells receptors Reproduced response reticular retina secretion sensation sense organs serotonin skeletal muscle sleep smooth muscle spinal cord stimulation stretch reflexes substance synaptic taste temperature thalamus threshold tion tissue tract transmitter vasopressin visceral visual waves