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in expired air at 470 parts in 10,000, such a body would require a supply per diem of more than 23,000 cubic feet of ordinary air, in order that the surrounding atmosphere might not contain more than 1 per 1,000 of carbonic acid (when air is vitiated from animal sources with carbonic acid to more than 1 per 1,000, the concomitant impurities become appreciable to the nose). A man of the weight mentioned (II stone) ought, therefore, to have at least 800 cubic feet of well-ventilated space.

V. CUTANEOUS EXCRETION.

Such a body would throw off by the skin-of water about 18 ounces, or 10,000 grains; of solid matters about 300 grains; of carbonic acid about 400 grains, in 24 hours.

VI. RENAL EXCRETION.

Such a body would pass by the kidneys-of water about 50 ounces; of urea about 500 grains; of other solid matters about 500 grains, in 24 hours.

VII. NERVOUS ACTION.

A nervous impulse travels along a nerve at the rate of about 80 feet in a second in the frog, and of about 100 feet a second in man; but the rate in man varies very much according to circumstances.

VIII. HISTOLOGY.

The following are some of the most important histological measurements :

Red blood-corpuscles, breadth 7 μ to 8 μ.

White blood-corpuscles, breadth

10 μ.

th of an inch, or

th of an inch, or

Striated muscular fibre (very variable), breadthath of an inch, or 60 μ; length 1 inch, or 30 to 40 millimetres. Non-striated muscular fibre (variable), breadth oth of an inch, or 6 μ; length both of an inch, or 50 μ.

B B.

Nerve fibre (very variable), breadth

of an inch, or 2 μ to 12 μ.

th to th

Nerve cells (of spinal cord) excluding processes, breadth both tooth or more of an inch, 50 μ to 100 μ or more. Fibrils of connective tissue, breadth both of an inch, or I μ.

Superficial cells of epidermis, breadth

inch, or 25 μ.

Capillary blood-vessels (variable), width of an inch, or 7 μ to 12 μ.

both of an

th to gʊʊʊth

Cilia, from the wind-pipe, length sath of an inch, or 8 μ.

Cones in the yellow spot of the retina, width th of an inch, or 3 μ.

INDEX.

INDEX.

ABDOMEN (abdo, I hide), 5

Abdominal aorta, 106

Abduction (ab, from; duco, I lead),

Absorption (ab, from; sorbeo, I suck up), from alimentary canal, 16, 103, 143

blood, 107
intestines, 166

stomach, 161

Accommodation of the eye, 258

of oxygen, 73, 102, 133, 143
water, 167

Acetabulum (a vessel for holding vinegar), construction of, 186

Acid, acetic, appearance of blood treated with, 65

connective tissue treated with, 323

carbonic, see Carbonic acid

glycocholic, 129.

hydrochloric, calcareous salts dissolved out of bone by, 330
in gastric juice, 157

lactic, 173

taurocholic, 129

uric, 113

Acid reaction of gastric juice, 157, 165

stiffened dead muscle, 172

urine, 112

Acids of the bile, 131

Action, reflex, of the brain, 301

continuance of, in brainless frog, 55, 287, 299

of the spinal cord, 287, 302

in coughing, 97

Acts, particular, connected with particular parts of brain surface, 300

"Adam's apple," 191

Adduction (ad, to, duco, I lead), 187

Adipose (adeps, fat), tissue, 328

Adjustment of the eye, how accomplished, 258

Aërial waves from sonorous bodies, 232

Afferent and efferent impulses, course of in cord, 289

in medulla oblongata, 298

nerves, 201, 284, 360

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