62

63

ἀλλὰ ἀποκρίνασθαι ̓Απολλοδώρῳ δικάζεσθαι, εἰ βού λοιτο, εἴ τί φησιν ἀδικεῖσθαι ὑφ ̓ ἑαυτοῦ.].

ΠΡΟΚΛΗΣΙΣ.

Τίς ἂν οὖν ὑπὲρ τοιαύτης αἰτίας, ὦ ἄνδρες δικα σταὶ, εἴπερ ἐπίστευεν αὑτῷ, οὐκ ἐδέξατο τὴν βάσανον; οὐκοῦν τῷ φεύγειν τὴν βάσανον ὑφῃρημένος ἐξελέγχεται. ἆρ ̓ οὖν ἂν ὑμῖν αἰσχυνθῆναι δοκεῖ τὴν τοῦ τὰ ψευδῆ μαρτυρεῖν δόξαν ὁ τὴν τοῦ κλέπτης φανῆναι μὴ φυγών; ἢ δεηθέντος ὀκνῆσαι τὰ ψευδῆ μαρτυρεῖν, ὃς ἃ μηδεὶς ἐκέλευεν ἐθελοντὴς πονηρὸς ἦν ;

Δικαίως τοίνυν, ὦ ἄνδρες Αθηναῖοι, τούτων ἁπάν των δοὺς δίκην, πολὺ μᾶλλον ἂν εἰκότως διὰ τἄλλα κολασθείη παρ' ὑμῖν. σκοπεῖτε δὲ, τὸν βίον ὃν βεβίωκεν ἐξετάζοντες· οὗτος γὰρ, ἡνίκα μὲν συνέβαινεν εὐ τυχεῖν Αριστολόχῳ τῷ τραπεζίτῃ, ἴσα βαίνων ἐβάδιζεν

62. τὴν τοῦ κλέπτης φανῆναι (δόξαν), the discredit of being proved a thief.' ('Who did not shrink from becoming a thief.' K.)

δεηθέντος.] sc. τινός. See Kühner Gk. Gr. § 486 A. 2. p. 641 'on the gen. absol. without any substantive like ανθρώπων, πραγμάτων being expressed.

SS 63-67. Examine the defendant's life and character, and you will find him cringing to and flattering the prosperous, only to desert them when they fall into destitution. For the present, he is the creature of Phormio ; and, to compass his own ends, he is willing to do wrong to his own relations, regardless of the ill-repute he thus incurs. He deserves to be abhorred as the common enemy of all humanity. With all his wealth, he has never performed a single public service. Rogues who are poor may have

some allowance made them, for the exigencies of their position; rogues who are rich can claim no excuse and therefore call for punishment at your hands.

63. ἡνίκα συνέβαινεν εὐτυχεῖν Αριστολόχῳ.] See Or. 36 $ 50. Note συνέβαινεν followed soon after by βαίνων.

ἴσα βαίνων ἐβάδιζεν ὑποπεπτω κὼς ἐκείνῳ.] •Walked in step with that person and cringed to him.' 'Cringed to him, as he walked beside him.' Harpocr. ἴσα βαίνων Πυθοκλεῖ· Δημοσθένης ἐν τῷ κατ' Αἰσχίνου (Fals. Leg. § 315) ἀντὶ τοῦ συνὼν ἀεὶ καὶ μηδὲ βραχὺ ἀφιστάμενος. καὶ ἐν τῷ κατὰ Στεφάνου α' φησὶν “ Αρίστος λόχῳ τῷ τραπεζίτῃ ἴσα βαίνων ἐβάδιζε.” Μένανδρος· παρ' αὐτὸν ἴσα βαίνουσ' ἑταίρα πολυτελής. (Αριστολόχῳ really comes after συνέβαινεν and is understood after ἴσαβαίνων.) Mr Shilleto u.s.

66

ὑποπεπτωκὼς ἐκείνῳ, καὶ ταῦτα ἴσασι πολλοὶ τῶν 64 ἐνθάδ ̓ ὄντων ὑμῶν, ἐπειδὴ δ ̓ ἀπώλετ ̓ ἐκεῖνος καὶ τῶν ὄντων ἐξέστη, οὐχ ἥκιστα ὑπὸ τούτου καὶ τῶν τοι ούτων διαφορηθεὶς, τῷ μὲν υἱεῖ τῷ τούτου πολλῶν πραγμάτων ὄντων οὐ παρέστη πώποτε οὐδ ̓ ἐβοήθησεν, ἀλλ ̓ Απόληξις καὶ Σόλων καὶ πάντες ἄνθρωποι μᾶλλον βοηθοῦσι· Φορμίωνα δὲ πάλιν ἑόρακες, καὶ τούτῳ γέγονεν οἰκεῖος, ἐξ ̓Αθηναίων ἁπάντων τοῦτον ἐκλεξάμενος, καὶ ὑπὲρ τούτου πρεσβευτὴς μὲν ᾤχετο 112 εἰς Βυζάντιον πλέων, ἡνίκα ἐκεῖνοι τὰ πλοῖα τὰ τούτου κατέσχον, τὴν δὲ δίκην ἔλεγε τὴν πρὸς Καλχηδονίους, τὰ ψευδῆ δ ̓ ἐμοῦ φανερῶς οὕτω καταμεμαρτύρηκεν. 65 εἶθ ̓ ὃς εὐτυχούντων ἐστὶ κόλαξ, κἂν ἀτυχῶσι, τῶν αὐτῶν τούτων προδότης, καὶ τῶν μὲν ἄλλων πολιτῶν † ἑώρακε Ζ.

explains it here as 'truckling to, and adapting his pace to his companion's.' The phrase became common in later Greek, e. g. Alciphron Ep. III. 56 ἐπαίρεις σεαυτὸν, οὐδὲν δέον, καὶ βαδίξεις ἴσα δὴ [καὶ τύφου πλήρης εί] τοῦτο δὴ τοῦ λόγου, Πυθοκλεί. See note on § 68.

64. τῶν ὄντων ἐξέστη.] Or. 36 § 50 ἐξέστησαν ἁπάντων τῶν ὄντων.

διαφορηθείς.] In pass. gener ally of things, here of the person, plundered. [But it is an uncommon word. Eur. Bacch. 746, θᾶσσον δὲ διεφοροῦντο σαρκὸς ἐνδυτὰ, the cattle had their flesh (or hides, perhaps) carried off in different directions.' Ibid. 739, ἄλλαι δὲ δαμάλας διεφόρουν σπαράγμασιν. Ρ.]

Απόληξις.] Harpocr. εἷς τῶν ι' συγγραφέων, ὃν Πλάτων κωμωδεί ἐν Σοφισταῖς. (For i the Mss have, corrected by Cobet who explains it of the ten συγγραφείς in Thuc. VIII. 67.) Απόληξις Προσπάλτιος occurs in Or. 43

πρὸς Μακάρτατον as grandfather
of Macartatus and there are
others of the same name in
inscriptions. Of this Solon
nothing is known, and 'Απόληξις
cannot be identified with any
of the above.

ἑόρακε] respexit, has had
his eye upon,' i. e. has courted.
A remarkable use. P.]

πρεσβευτής.] ‘Agent. Or. 32 Zenoth. §11, πρεσβευτὴν ἐκ βουλῆς τινα λαμβάνομεν... One who negotiates for another is named after a political custom 'an ambassador.'

ἐκεῖνοι] sc. οἱ Βυζάντιοι, implied from Βυζάντιον. See note on Isocr. Paneg. § 110: φάσκον τες μὲν λακωνίζειν τἀναντία δ' ἐκείνοις ἐπιτηδεύοντες.

Καλχηδονίους.] Phormio, it seems, must have been implicated in some mercantile suit with people at Calchedon (opposite Byzantium). The affair is not alluded to elsewhere.

πολλῶν καὶ καλῶν κἀγαθῶν ὄντων μηδενὶ μηδ' ἐξ ἴσου χρῆται, τοῖς δὲ τοιούτοις ἐθελοντὴς ὑποπίπτει, καὶ μήτ' εἴ τινα τῶν οἰκείων ἀδικήσει μήτ' εἰ παρὰ τοῖς ἄλλοις φαύλην δόξαν ἕξει ταῦτα ποιῶν μήτ' ἄλλο μηδὲν σκοπεῖ, πλὴν ὅπως τι πλέον ἕξει, τοῦτον οὐ μισεῖν ὡς κοινὸν ἐχθρὸν τῆς φύσεως ὅλης τῆς ἀνθρωπίνης 66 προσήκει; ἔγωγ ̓ ἂν φαίην. ταῦτα μέντοι τὰ τοσαύτην ἔχοντα αἰσχύνην, ὦ ἄνδρες Αθηναῖοι, ἐπὶ τῷ τὴν πόλιν φεύγειν καὶ τὰ ὄντα ἀποκρύπτεσθαι προῄρηται πράττειν, ἵν ̓ ἐργασίας ἀφανεῖς διὰ τῆς τραπέζης ποιῆται καὶ μήτε χορηγῇ μήτε τριηραρχῇ μήτ' ἄλλο μηδὲν ὧν προσήκει ποιῇ. καὶ κατείργασται τοῦτο. τεκμήριον δέ· ἔχων γὰρ οὐσίαν τοσαύτην ὥστε ἑκατὸν μνᾶς ἐπιδοῦναι τῇ θυγατρὶ, οὐδ ̓ ἡντινοῦν ἑώραται λειτουρ γίαν ὑφ ̓ ὑμῶν λειτουργῶν, οὐδὲ τὴν ἐλαχίστην. καίτοι πόσῳ κάλλιον φιλοτιμούμενον ἐξετάζεσθαι καὶ προθυμούμενον εἰς ἃ δεῖ τῇ πόλει, ἢ κολακεύοντα καὶ τὰ ψευδῆ μαρτυροῦντα; ἀλλ ̓ ἐπὶ τῷ κερδαίνειν πᾶν " Bekker. χρήματα Z cum Σ.

Z cum Σ. ('F', non Σ.' Dindf.)

κατείργασται τοῦτο (middle) he has accomplished this object.'

τεκμήριον δέ· ἔχων γάρ.] Mad vig Gk. Synt. § 196 a, and note on Isocr. Paneg. § 87.

ἐξετάζεσθαι.] ‘To be found in the pursuit of an honourable ambition for willing service to the state.' Or, shorter, 'to shew oneself a man of public spirit.' Harpocr. ἀντὶ τοῦ ὁρᾶσθαι, Δημοσ θένης κατὰ Στεφάνου. καὶ ἐν τῷ κατ' 'Ανδροτίωνος (p. 613 ad fin.) • ἐξητάσθης φησὶν ἀντὶ τοῦ ὤφθης, ἑωράθης. ἀλλ ̓ ἐπὶ τῷ κ.τ.λ.] 'Unfortunately, the defendant is a person who will do anything to get money.' K.

67 ἂν οὗτος ποιήσειεν. καὶ μὴν, ὦ ἄνδρες Αθηναῖοι, μᾶλλον ἄξιον ὀργίλως ἔχειν τοῖς μετ ̓ εὐπορίας που νηροῖς ἢ τοῖς μετ ̓ ἐνδείας. τοῖς μὲν γὰρ ἡ τῆς ἀνάγκης 112. χρεία φέρει τινὰ συγγνώμην παρὰ τοῖς ἀνθρωπίνως λογιζομένοις· οἱ δ ̓ ἐκ περιουσίας, ὥσπερ οὗτος, που νηροὶ οὐδεμίαν πρόφασιν δικαίαν ἔχοιεν ἂν εἰπεῖν, ἀλλ ̓ αἰσχροκερδίᾳ καὶ πλεονεξίᾳ καὶ ὕβρει καὶ τῷ τὰς αὑτῶν συστάσεις κυριωτέρας τῶν νόμων ἀξιοῦν εἶναι ταῦτα φανήσονται πράττοντες. ὑμῖν δὲ οὐδὲν τούτων συμφέρει, ἀλλὰ τὸν ἀσθενῆ παρὰ τοῦ πλουσίου δίκην, ἂν ἀδικῆται, δύνασθαι λαβεῖν. ἔσται δὲ τοῦτο, ἐὰν κολάζητε τοὺς φανερῶς οὕτως ἐξ εὐπορίας πονηρούς.

68

Οὐ τοίνυν οὐδ ̓ ἃ πέπλασται καὶ βαδίζει οὗτος
W -είᾳ Ζ. -iᾳ Σ prima manu.

67. ἡ τῆς ἀνάγκης χρεία.] ‘The force of circumstances ('the pressure of their necessitous lot,' lit. need induced by nécessity,') 'leads to some allowance being made for them in the eyes of those who view the case with human fellow-feeling.' Stobæus in quoting this passage in his 'Elegant Extracts' has the reading adopted in the text, instead of the common reading

τῆς χρείας ἀνάγκη. He also has οὐδεμίαν δικαίαν πρόφασιν ἔχουσι, besides, for obvious reasons, omitting ὥσπερ οὗτος. (Florilegium 46. 72. p. 316.) The extract proceeds with the words πολλὰ δ ̓ οὖν κακὰ πράγματα τοὺς ἐλευθέρους ἡ πενία βιάζεται ποιεῖν, ἐφ ̓ οἷς ἂν ἐλεοῖντο δικαιότερον ἢ προσαπολλύοιντο, which do not appear in the present passage. They are really taken from Dem. Or. 57 (Eubulides) § 46, as Meineke might have noted in his edition

of Stobæus. For the copyist's
patchwork δ' οὖν κακὰ πράγματα
we should therefore restore δου
λικὰ πράγματα from Demos-
thenes himself, and print the
passage as a separate extract.

συστάσεις.] ‘plots, conspira
cies,' parties, political interests,
studia, ἑταιρείαι. Or. 37 § 39
περιστήσας τοὺς μεθ ̓ ἑαυτοῦ, τὸ
ἐργαστήριον τῶν συνεστώτων.
[Eur. Andr. 1088, εἰς δὲ συστάσεις
κύκλους τ' ἐχώρει λαὸς οἰκήτωρ
θεοῦ. Thuc. II. 21, κατὰ συστά-
σεις γενόμενοι. So also οἱ συν-
ιστάμενοι in Ar. Lysistr. 577.]
Cf. Or. 46 § 25.

ἐξ εὐπορίας πονηρούς.] ‘made bad by their wealth.' K. is hardly correct here in rendering 'men who (for all their riches) are thus flagrantly dishonest.' It is not in spite of, but directly from, their large means that they become bad citizens. P.]

§§ 68-70. His affected airs as he sullenly slinks along the

παρὰ τοὺς τοίχους ἐσκυθρωπακὼς, σωφροσύνης ἄν τις ἡγήσαιτο εἰκότως εἶναι σημεῖα, ἀλλὰ μισανθρωπίας. ἐγὼ γὰρ, ὅστις αὐτῷ μηδενὸς συμβεβηκότος δεινοῦ μηδὲ τῶν ἀναγκαίων σπανίζων ἐν ταύτῃ τῇ σχέσει διάγει τὸν βίον, τοῦτον ἡγοῦμαι συνεορακέναι * καὶ λε •εωρακέναι Ζ.