from a Sultan are named Muley; there are more than one thousand of them in Tafilet. The principal Sultanefs is called Lilla Kabira, or the Great Lady. There are thirty-five civil officers about the court, of which that of General Falconer only is hereditary. The Sultan has full power of life and death over them, and often executes the fentence in his own perfon. Among the public officers are twelve perfons, whofe bufinefs it is to draw the Sultan in calashes about the palace and gardens; in the gardens, however, belonging to the harem, this duty is performed only by females and eunuchs. The principal officer of the court is the Lord High Chamberlain, who has under him twenty-four inferior officers, as alfo two Librarians, though there is no library. The Lawyers, (Talbs,) have the whole management of education. In Tetuan, and in fome other large towns, there are fchools, where Euclid's Elements, fome algebra, and aftronomy, are taught. The fleet, as appears from p. 238, confifts of only twenty-four large and fmall fhips. Their land-army is made up partly of natives, and partly of negroes. Of the latter there are 240co, commanded by fix generals; and of white troops, or natives, 12000; in all, 36000. The tenth and eleventh letters treat of the feaft of Ramadam and Beiram, of the audience given to the conful at Larafch, and of the attack made by the new Emperor on Ceuta and Tetuan. The thirteenth and fifteenth letters relate chiefly to Prince Edward of England, who was then at Gibraltar; and, in the eighteenth, or laft, an account is given of the bombardment of Tangiers by the Spaniards. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS TO CORRESPONDENTS. Toby Belch may be thoroughly affured, that we have our eyes fteadily fixed upon the object which he points out to our notice, and thall not fail to treat it in the manner he juftly fuggefts it to deferve. If our excellent correfpondent, R. E. M. will only confider how different a thing it is to examine books of profound learning from the fugitive trafh of the day, he will not wonder that we have yet delayed to notice the former of the two works he mentions. The book was fent to us, and is under confideration; nor will the account of it be much longer delayed. The latter book we have not yet feen. To a Lady who has fent us feveral printed books, containing the Plan of an Academy, we can only reply, that it is not the kind of publication which can be properly an object of criticifin in a Review. The books are left in the hands of Melfrs. Rivingtons, St. Paul's Church-Yard, and will be returned on demand, LITERARY www. LITERARY INTELLIGENCE. A republication, in Parts and Numbers, of the late Mr. Philip Miller's figures of Plants, defcribed in his Gardener's Dictionary, on three hundred folio copper plates, coloured under the infpection of Mr. E. Donovan, will take place in the course of this month. Mr. Morrit, who has vifited the spot with care, has now in the prefs fome valuable obfervations on the Plain of Troy, illuftrated by views of the country. Dr. Harrington has in the prefs, A Letter to Henry Cavendish, Efq. containing fome animadverfions and ftrictures upon the Chemical Papers in the laft volume of the Philofophical Tranf actions, with remarks alfo on fome laft French chemical publications. Mr. Symons informs us, that his Pocket Flora is in great forwardnefs, The Oreftes of Euripides, will be published in the course of a month, by Profeffor Porjon, in the fame form, &c. with the Hecuba. Farther illuftrations of Hogarth, by Mr. John Irelard, printed by Bulmer, with a great variety of interefting plates are now finished. The Discoveries of Mr. Park in Africa, are preparing for the Affociation, in an abridged form; but we have the pleasure of announcing that an extended work upon a much larger fcale, containing a detailed account of the ingenious traveller's obfervations and adventures, has been undertaken by Mr. Bryan Edwards. Mr. Kett, whofe Bampton Lectures have been so much efteemed, has nearly completed a work on Prophecy. A gentleman of the name of Edgworth, refident in Ireland, of whofe talents we have heard refpectable mention, is engaged on a work on Education, which will occupy a large quarto volume. Mr. Hutchinfon has been employed on a work of Medical Biography, which is now almoft finished. A fplendid edition of Cowper's Poems, ornamented with plates, will be foon published. The Mufeum Worfleanum, often promifed, and long expected, is now approaching to its completion. THE BRITISH CRITIC, For MAY, 1798. Virtus, Albine, eft pretium perfolvere verum ART. I. Some Account of the Cathedral Church of Exeter: illuftrative of the Plans, Elevations, and Sections, of that Building. Published by Order, and at the Expence of the Society of Antiquaries, of London. Royal Folio. Eleven Plates. 41. 4s. White, Robfon, &c. 1797. THE HE activity and liberal spirit of the Society of Antiquaries have been abundantly proved, by the many valuable publications which they have, from time to time, delivered to their members. The prefent work, as the firft fpecimen of a defign at once judicious and magnificent, demands particular attention. The magnificent fcale and elegant execution of the plates, promise to render the work of great value to the admirers of Gothic architecture; while the account here given from a very refpectable document, evinces the intention of the council to make it alfo, as much as poffible, interefting to the general lovers of Antiquarian research. We cannot better introduce our account of this work, than by copying the introduction prefixed by the learned fociety. Kk BRIT. CRIT. VOL, XI, MAY, 1798, The "The Society of Antiquaries, in profecution of their defign of publishing accurate meafures of all the principal ecclefiaftical buildings of England, do now prefent to the public the plans, elevations, and fections of the Cathedral Church of Exeter; engraved from measured drawings, made by their orders, by Mr. John Carter, and accompanied by his account of fuch things as appeared to him worthy of remark, in the courfe of his furvey of that elegant building. "As the wish of the council is to render the information relative to the fubject as complete as poffible, they have prefixed to Mr. Carter's account, a very curious tract by their late Prefident, Bishop Lyttelton; who, while Dean of Exeter, extracted from the rolls of the Cathedral, every circumftance which could tend to fix the dates of the erection of the different parts of the Cathedral. "The council having entrusted to Sir Henry Englefield, Bart. and Jofeph Windham, Efq. the fuperintendence of this work, and the arrangement of thefe valuable materials, fome few obfervations on Bithop Lyttelton's tract, and on the architecture of the Cathedral, have been added by Sir Henry Englefield." It appears from the researches of the learned antiquaries above-mentioned, that the firft-ecclefiaftical foundation at Exeter was a Benedictine Monaftery, established by King Athelftan, in 922 that in the reign of Edgar, the Abbot was Tideman, who was alfo Bishop of Crediton*; that in 1049, Edward the Confeffor removed the See to Exeter, and made Leofric Bishop. The old church is faid to have been very fmall, not larger than St. Mary's Chapel, which is less than fixty feet in length. Bithop Lyttelton is inclined to doubt the principal accounts adopted by Hookert and Godwin from tradition; which the remarker upon his obfervations, on the other hand, fupports. Their account is, that the prefent choir was begun by William Warlewaft, who was made Bishop in 1107. On this, Bishop Lyttelton fays; "That Bishop Warlewaft began the prefent choir, I much doubt, the arches being all elliptic, the pillars by no means thick and clumfy, nor their capitals hatched dauneette-wife; circumftances which occur in all buildings of that age, as Chrift Church Cathedral, in Oxford, Tewkefbury Abbey Church, &c. The light Gothic or Saracen ftyle (as the great Sir Chriftopher Wren terms it) not prevailing here or in other parts of Europe adjoining to England, till about the time of King Henry II, and even then we find the old Saxon mode frequently intermingled with the Gothic." * Or Cridington, now Kirton, a fmall village. So fays Heylin, but Crediton is ftill the name, and it is a market town. This was the feat for the See of Devonshire. That of Cornwall was annexed to it about 1032. + Chamberlain of Exeter, in Elizabeth's reign. An heraldic term, for a fucceffion of small angles united, Re 1 Sir Sir Henry Englefield says; William Warlewaft, who fucceeded in the year 1107, began to enlarge his church, and to him the towers yet remaining are probably to be afcribed; they are perfectly fimilar in ftyle to the buildings of Gundulphus his cotemporary; and much more refemble the magnificence of the Norman architects, than the fimplicity of the English Saxons." This, indeed, does not affect the former remarks on the style of the choir; but it is mentioned afterwards, that the church fuffered extremely by fire, when Exeter was befieged by King Stephen, and particularly the choir, which renders it probable, that the ftyle of that part of the building was changed when the repairs were made. Bishop Lyttelton is not inclined to believe, that the original church was fo fmall as St. Mary's chapel. Sir H. contends, that it stood on the actual fite of that building, according to the tradition, though the edifice, from the ftyle of it, could not be the fame; and that confequently the addition made by Warlewaft, "was nearly two hundred feet, and was a magnificent ftructure." Robert Chichester, the fourth Bishop, began to rebuild the choir; which repairs were continued, at a great expence, by the three fucceeding Bifhops. The tranfept and the cloifters were built by the feventh Bishop, Peter Quivil, who came to the See in 1280; and, in 1308, was ftyled Fundator novi operis. Bishop Lyttelton has doubts upon these points, as well as the former. Of the fubfequent additions, the most important were made by the feventeenth Bishop, John Grandifon, in 1327, &c. who added two arches to the western part of the church, built the magnificent fcreen at that end, and vaulted the whole. Befides the notices refpecting the building, the remarks of Bishop Lyttleton contain fome curious illuftrations of ancient customs, particularly that of the Boy-bishop, and a fpecimen of the bidding prayer for the fouls of the benefactors, which was ufed in papal times. The Boy-bifhop was appointed on St. Nicholas's Day, the 6th of December. "In the inventory of the goods, veftments, &c. belonging to the church, anno 1327, inter alia," una parva tunica pro Epifcopo puerorum." The learned John Gregory, in his pofthumous tracts (printed anno 1649) has given a curious account of this latter cuftom, as it was practifed in the church of Sarum; and he is the only author, I think, that treats of it*, except Mr. Anftis, in his edition of Afhmole's History of the Order of the Garter, who sometimes mentions * The commentators on the old English dramatic writers have fince handled the fubject. Rev. Kk 2 it |