SENSORS AND TRANDUCERSThis text is a lucid presentation of the principles of working of all types of sensors and transducers which form the prime components of the instrumentation systems. The characteristics of the sensors and transducers and the operating principles of transducer technologies have been discussed in considerable detail. Besides covering conventional sensors such as electromechanical, thermal, magnetic, radiation, and electroanalytical, the recent advances in sensor technologies including smart and intelligent sensors used in automated systems are also comprehensively described. The application aspects of sensors used in several fields such as automobiles, manufacturing, medical, and environment are fully illustrated. With a straightforward approach the text is aimed at building a sound understanding of the fundamentals, and inculcating analytical skills needed for design and operation. Numerous schematic representations, examples, and review questions help transcend underlying basics to automation and instrumentation. The book with incisive explanations and all the pedagogic attributes is designed to serve the needs of the engineering students of instrumentation, chemical, mechanical, and electrical disciplines. It will also be a useful text for the students of applied sciences. |
Contents
MECHANICAL AND ELECTROMECHANICAL SENSORS 1467 | 14 |
Review Questions | 65 |
Review Questions | 133 |
5 | 159 |
Review Questions | 181 |
Xray and Nuclear Radiation Sensors | 216 |
Review Questions | 231 |
8 | 242 |
Pervoskites | 259 |
Review Questions | 281 |
Review Questions | 298 |
Variables related to blood flow | 321 |
Bibliography | 327 |
Common terms and phrases
alloy basic capacitance carrier cell ceramic characteristics charge chemical circuit coefficient coil conductivity constant core crystal curve density dependent depletion region detection detector developed device diaphragm dielectric diode doping eddy current effect electrical emission energy equation etching factor ferromagnetic fibre film flux frequency function given heat increases inductance input insulating ionization layer linear liquid magnetic field magnetostriction material measurement membrane metal noise nonlinearity obtained ohmic contacts operation optical output oxide oxygen p-n junction parameters photoconductor photodiode photons photoresist piezoelectric polarization potential pressure produced pulse pyroelectric R₁ radiation range ratio reference electrode resistance resistance thermometers response scheme scintillators secondary semiconductor sensing sensitivity sensors shown in Fig shows signal silicon solution specific spectral strain gauge substrate surface technique temperature thermal thermistors thermocouples thermometer thermopiles thickness torque transducer upto V₁ variable variation voltage wafer wavelength wire