24 25 26 27 30 διηγοῦμαι τὴν σκυτάλην] that is, tell them how I was beaten with it. The Greek is short and conversational. κατηγόρουν] αὐτοῦ. ἔδρασε] the indicative shews that he is reporting his own words, or very nearly so. μὴ ὑπερβάλωμαι is also consistent with this. ἀγανακτησαμένης] this middle form is almost ἅπαξ λεγόμενον. τὴν σκυτάλην ἐννοῶν] I have adopted this clever conjecture of Steigerthal for τὴν νύχθ ̓ ὅλην ἐννοῶν, the common reading. ἐννοῶν absolutely used in the sense of 'reflecting', without some expressed object, is an usage for which I can find no support. Sommerbrodt also well urges that §§ 14, 16 shew that Lucian laid great stress upon the σκυτάλη. § 5, page 3. 2 καὶ πάνυ] must be taken together, the ral emphasizing the πάνυ. Compare καὶ μάλα π' very much in $ 7 and elsewhere. 9 καθ' Ομηρον] in the manner of Homer. The words are from Agamemnon's speech Iliad II 56, and are referred to in like manner by Lucian again in gallus § 8. ἔναυλος] ‘is yet ringing in my ears. Compare Plato Menex 235 b καί μοι αὕτη ἡ σεμνότης παραμένει ἡμέρας πλείω ἢ τρεῖς· οὕτως ἔναυλος λόγος τε καὶ ὁ φθόγγος παρὰ τοῦ λέγοντος ἐνδύεται εἰς τὰ ὦτα, ὥστε μόγις τετάρτῃ ἢ πέμπτῃ ἡμέρᾳ ἀναμιμνήσκομαι ἐμαυτοῦ καὶ αἰσθάνομαι οὗ γῆς εἰμί. The word seems to be derived from the flute (αὐλός). § 6. 10 II 13 ταῖν χεροῖν] genitive after λαβόμεναι. μικροῦ] they were within a little of'. So ὀλίγου ἀπέθανον in Aristoph Ach_348 etc. The full phrase is probably ὀλίγου or μικροῦ δεῖ used parenthetically like ἀμέλει, εὖ ἴσθι, οὐκ οἶδ' ὅπως and many others. The deî is then dropped in conversation, and finally the genitive becomes crystallized into an adverb. In § 16 below and elsewhere we find μικροῦ δεῖν, where the infinitive now parenthetic was probably at first explanatory as in such expressions as ῥάστη ἐκμαθεῖν § 2 above. ἄρτι μὲν...ἄρτι δὲ] ' one minute the one would be getting the mastery ...and the next I would be held by the other in turn'. Compare Nigrinus § 4 καὶ ἄρτι μὲν ἐλυπούμην .....ἄρτι δὲ αὐτὰ μὲν ἐδόκει μοι ταπεινὰ καὶ καταγέλαστα. The ἂν has the same frequentative force as in § 2 ἀνέπλαττον ἄν. Com 106 § 3 παρὰ μικρὸν] • beside a little='except a little = ‘almost pare Thuc VIII 76 § 4 παρ' ἐλάχιστον δὴ ἦλθε... ἀφελέσθαι, IV τὴν δὲ Πιόνα παρὰ νύκτα ἐγένετο λαβεῖν. So often in Lucian. the opposite in apolog de merc cond § 4 τὸ δὲ σὸν οὐ παρὰ μικρὸν ἀτοπώτερον. He has 15 16 18 19 21 22 αὐτῆς ὄντα] ' belonging to her. For this possessive genitive compare Aristotle's description of a slave, ὃς ἂν ἄλλον ἢ ἄνθρωπος ὤν. κεκτῆσθαι] to have got = to possess. τύλων] from τύλος, a callus such as is produced on the hands of hand-workers. διεζωσμένη] girt-up: that is, with the cloak drawn over the shoulders and wrapped round the loins so as to leave the arms free. This was the custom of all who wanted to work in earnest. Compare with Sommerbrodt de hist conscr § 3 διαζωσάμενος τὸ τριβώνιον σπουδῇ μάλα καὶ αὐτὸς ἐκύλιε τὸν πίθον (said of Diogenes). τιτάνου] here the dust from cutting marble or stone. τὴν ἀναβολήν] the way of wearing her cloak. Compare Timon 8 54 κόσμιος τὸ βάδισμα καὶ σωφρονικὸς τὴν ἀναβολήν. So ἀναβάλλεσθαι ἐπιδέξια = to wear the cloak thrown over the right shoulder. ἀναβολὴ is also used for the cloak itself. See piscator §§ 12, 13, 31. τέλος] ‘at last', a very common adverbial use. See § 14. ἐφιᾶσι] refer the decision to me. A technical expression in law, for referring a suit on appeal to another court. Compare bis accus § 12 ἣν δέ τις ἄδικα δεδίκασθαι οἴηται, ἐφέσιμον ἀγωνιεῖται τὴν δίκην· ἡ δὲ ἔφεσις ἐπὶ τὸν Δία. 37. 25 27 28 29 31 oikela] probably in two different shades of meaning συγγενὴς οἴκοθεν] • of your own kin'; literally' akin to you, starting from the family'. καὶ μάλα] see on § 5 καὶ πάνυ. λήρων καὶ φληνάφων] stuff and nonsense”. Such expressions are repeatedly used by Lucian to mark the contempt felt (a) by the general public, and (b) by himself, for the trifling rhetoric and empty philosophy of their own day. Compare_piscator § 25 μισεῖσθαι πρὸς τῶν πολλῶν ἤδη πεποίηκεν αὐτούς τε ἡμᾶς καὶ σὲ τὴν φιλοσοφίαν, φληνάφους καὶ λήρους ἀποκαλῶν τὰ σά, vitarum auctio § 1Ι οὐ γάρ σοι δεήσει παιδείας καὶ λόγων καὶ λήρων. τῶν παρὰ ταύτης] such as παιδεία supplies. θρέψῃ γεννικώς] ‘you will grow up manly'. θρέψη the middle future is, as often, used like a passive. For τρέφεσθαι compare Iliad i 266 κάρτιστοι δὴ κεῖνοι ἐπιχθονίων τράφεν ἀνδρῶν. For γεννικώς Aristoph Lys 17ο χωρεῖν γεννικῶς ' to march stoutly. 5 6 ώμους etc] with this passage compare the words of the δίκαιος λόγος in the Clouds of Aristophanes 1009-1020, where the old Athenian training is said to ensure a lad ὤμους μεγάλους, γλώτταν βαιάν, while the opposite result is predicted from the modern sophistical education. Possibly Lucian may have had the passage in mind when he wrote this. Page 4. ¿ópios] unsuited to, unconnected with. The word is just the opposite to οἰκεῖος. Here it not exposed' to malicious envy (póvos). OUTOTE are] as the rhetorical professors of Lucian's day were used to do in search of fame. ovdè éri Xoyos...etc] 'nor again will all men praise you for words'. This is added in bitter sarcasm, the suppressed antithesis being ¿››' E' Epyos, as Jacobitz remarks. Sommerbrodt compares for the expression Lexiphanes § 22 εἴπερ ἄρ ̓ ἐθέλεις ὡς ἀληθῶς ἐπαινεῖσθαι ἐπὶ λόγοις κἀν τοῖς πλήθεσιν εὐδοκιμεῖν. For the ἐπὶ see on § 11. § 8. τοῦ σχήματος τὸ εὐτελὲς] “the meanness of my figure', as a lowly handworker. Compare piscator § 31. άπÒ тоιоÚтшν орμwμevos] 'starting from such things'. We may render it with no better start than this, that Phidias displayed'...... Peidlas] of Athens. He lived about 500-438 BC, and was the most famous of Greek sculptors. He was the friend of Perikles, and was employed by that statesman in the adornment of Athens with works of art. One of his chief works, if not his masterpiece, was the great statue of Zeus Olympius executed by him in gold and ivory for the temple at Olympia in Elis. ПONÚKλELTOS] of Sikyon, a contemporary of Pheidias. The statue of Hera at Argos was thought to be his masterpiece. His figures are said to have possessed great beauty but to have been inferior in respect of dignity. 7 Múpwv] of Eleutherae, settled at Athens, belongs to the same period. He worked chiefly in bronze, and his favourite subjects were athletes and brutes. 8 ПIpagiréλns] of Athens, about 368-336 B C. He worked especially in marble, and was universally admired for the soft and charming grace of his figures, a quality which he carried to perfection. His decided abandonment of the stiffness of the Pheidian age and its accompanying dignity was held however to mark a decline in the art of sculpture. μetà tŵv leŵv] with their gods'. That is, the gods they made. el yévolo...dóğels] a common form of condition in Lucian. Compare gallus § 16 εἰ γάρ τι ἀγαθὸν εἴη, ἀπάγξομαι ἤδη ἀναστάς. ΙΟ ζηλωτόν] an object of friendly envy, ζῆλος, not malicious envy, φθόνος. See on § 7 ἀλλότριος. 12 διαπταίουσα] ‘stuttering. The word marks her want of rhetorical fluency, as βαρβαρίζουσα does that of grammatical correctness. 13 σπουδῇ] with great effort='hardly. Compare Iliad v 893 τὴν μὲν ἐγὼ σπουδῇ δάμνημ ̓ ἐπέεσσιν. συνείρουσα] stringing together her words, that is, speaking continuously. Demosthenes de Cor p 328 sneering at the fluency of Aeschines says λόγους συνείρει τούτους σαφῶς καὶ ἀπνευστί. Compare Ar Eth vu 3 § 8 οἱ πρῶτον μαθόντες συνείρουσι μὲν τοὺς λόγους, ἴσασι δ ̓ οὔπω. For the use of the word absolutely compare Lucian Prom § 5 οὐκοῦν διελόμενοι τὴν κατηγορίαν σὺ μὲν περὶ τῆς κλοπῆς ἤδη σύνειρε. See also piscator § 22. 89. 16 παιδεία] 'Culture', 'Liberal Education'. συνήθης σοι καὶ γνωρίμη] your intimate acquaintance. The meaning must be that Lucian had received the education fitted for a child, and hence knew something of elementary παιδεία. The woman παιδεία in the dream wants him to continue his acquaintance. εἰς τέλος] to completion = 'fully. οὐδὲν ὅτι μὴ] in no respect not=not a whit removed from. ὅτι is neuter of boris as Sommerbrodt remarks, comparing Ikarom § 9 οὐδὲν γὰρ ὅτι μὴ τοῖς κωμικοῖς δορυφορήμασιν ἐοικότας αὐτοὺς εἰσάγουσιν. It will be noticed that the uǹ is, as often in Lucian, unbearable. ἐν τούτῳ] ἐν τῷ ἐργάζεσθαι. ἐν τούτῳ......τεθειμένος] * with the whole hope of your life placed in this'. Literally having set for yourself the whole hope of your life in this'. The student must not forget that the perfect passive is also perfect middle, remembering πεποίημαι and a host of others. τίθεσθαί τι ἔν τινι = to reckon one thing as existing in, or being identical with, another thing. Compare Thuc I 35 § 3 ἐν ἀδικήματι θήσονται πεισθέντων ὑμῶν ἃ δεόμεθα, Soph Phil 473 ἀλλ ̓ ἐν παρέργῳ θοῦ με. λαμβάνων] that is, as μισθός. εὐτελὴς τὴν πρόοδον] * making a mean show when you walk abroad '. That is, unattended by friends and dependents when you appear in public. Compare Menippus § 12 πολλοὶ μὲν ἕωθεν ἐπὶ τῶν προθύρων παρειστήκεσαν τὴν πρόοδον αὐτοῦ περιμένοντες, ὠθούμενοί τε καὶ ἀποκλειόμενοι πρὸς τῶν οἰκετῶν. ἐπιδικάσιμος] sought after'. Sommerbrodt explains it 'likely to help a friend in such matters as a suit at law, a man whose support is sought by his friends'. The word is very rare. αὐτὸ μόνον ἐργάτης] 'a mere workman and no more. The insertion οἱ αὐτὸ μόνον οι αὐτὸ τοῦτο parenthetically in apposition to some other words (as to epyárns here) is common in Lucian. Compare Charon § 6 πόλεις καὶ ὄρη αὐτὸ μόνον ὥσπερ ἐν γραφαῖς ὁρᾶν, deor dial 4 § 3 ὡς ἀφελὴς ὁ παῖς ἐστὶ καὶ ἁπλοικὸς καὶ αὐτὸ δὴ τοῦτο παῖς ἔτι. τῶν ἐκ τοῦ πολλοῦ δήμου εἰς] compare apolog de merc cond § 15 τῷ ἐκ τοῦ πολλοῦ δήμου. The phrase τοῦ πολλοῦ δήμου εἰς (Saturn § 2) is different, as Sommerbrodt remarks. ὁ πολὺς δῆμος = the common herd. Maya Blov v] proverbial, of a life subject to continual harassing and pursuit. Sommerbrodt compares Dem de cor p 314 λayw Blov ἔξης δεδιὼς καὶ τρέμων καὶ ἀεὶ πληγήσεσθαι προσδοκῶν, where Holmes refers to Herod III 108. Epuator] a gift of the god Hermes, the sender of luck. Hence a 'godsend', see Charon § 12, here almost 'tool' or 'plaything'. εἰ γένοιο......ἐπαινέσονται] this conditional optative followed by a future indicative is common in Lucian. See above § 7 el éŒéλois θρέψῃ γεννικώς, bis accus § 17 εἰ ἀκούσαιτε εἴσεσθε. The theory of the construction is probably this, that the future indicative is treated as =the optative with av. So here we have cuğaır' av in the following clause; and in good Attic we often find the reverse, the optative with av being used for the future indicative. In § 10 below we find the regular ἢν πείθη ἐπιδείξω. ...... Toλλà lavuaσrà etc] 'carry out many works to wondrous perfection'; the word lavuaσrà being predicative. οὐκ ἔστιν ὅστις]= οὐδεὶς simply. olos avis] however good a sculptor you may be. Page 5. ȧoxeрoßlwτos] living by the work of your hands. Compare Herodotus III 42. § 10. πρῶτον μὲν] seems to be answered by λήσει δὲ below, but the antithesis is weak. έργα] includes both πράξεις and λόγους. Sommerbrodt. ὡς εἰπεῖν] limits πάντων. 'All or nearly all'. Compare with Jacobitz Toxaris § 4 πάντα αἰγιαλὸν ὡς εἰπεῖν διερευνησάμενοι. ἔμπειρον] σέ. ŎπEρ KUριúтαтÓν éσTI] σoû. The part predominant in you'. So I take it, comparing Ar Eth Ix 8 § 6 καὶ χαρίζεται ἑαυτοῦ τῷ κυριωτάτῳ. In fact that whole section well illustrates the meaning of the word. Here it is the yuxǹ which is the predominant part in the man, and the character of which determines that of the whole man. 7 ¿TieɩKela] 'good-nature'. The word is rightly explained by Grote to mean the disposition to stop short of obtaining one's own [extreme] rights'. Compare Thuc 1 76 § 4, III 40 § 3. 9 ús áλnows] 'as of a truth'='in very truth'. Compare ὡς ἑτέρως, ὡς ἐτητύμως, Liddell and Scott. The words emphasize ἀκήρατος. |