Ecology of the Mountain Waters

Alaknanda alkalinity altitude animals aquatic average basin benthic Bhagirathi Bhatt Bhimtal biomass body bottom carps catchment Central changes channel characteristics concentration decrease depth discharge dissolved distribution drainage Ecology ecosystem effect environment erosion factors fauna fish fishery flow followed forest Further Garhwal habitats higher Hills Himalaya important increase India indicate insects Italy Kumaun lakes larvae lower Mahseer major maximum mean monsoon mountain Nainital nature observed organic oxygen Pant parameters peak percent period pollution pools population present production Ramganga range reaches REFERENCES region reported reservoirs result river rocks Sarju seasonal sediment Sharma sides silt Singh slope soil species stones streams summer surface Table temperature tributaries trout urban valley values variation varied water quality watershed wetlands winter zone