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Great Britain shall have authorized offcers of the United States duly commissioned and instructed by the President to that end to arrest, detain and deliver to the authorities of Great Britain vessels and subjects of that Government offending against any statutes or regulations of Great Britain enacted or made to enforce the award of the treaty mentioned in the title of this act.

*An act of April 24, 1894, corrected an error in the act of April 6 by substituting the word "inclusive" for the word "exclusive," used in the original act.-Editor.

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An act of June 25, 1894, made the additional provision that the procedure and penalties provided by said act, in case of the violation of the provisions of said regulations, are hereby made applicable to and shall be enforced against any citizen of the United States, or person owing the duty of obedience the laws or the treaties of the United States, or person belonging to or on board of a vessel of the United States who shall kill, capture or pursue, at any time or in any manner whatever, as well as to and against any vessel of the United States used or employed in killing, capturing or pursuing, at any time or in any manner whatever, any fur seal or other marine fur-bearing anima!, in violation of the provisions of any treaty or convention into which the United States may have entered or may hereafter enter with any other Power for the purpose of protecting fur seals other marine fur-bearing animals. violation of any regulations which the President may make for the due execution of such treaty or convention.

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THE ELEVENTH CENSUS. The Deficiency act of April 21, 1894, extended the time for completing the Eleventh Census from June 30, 1894, to March 4, 1895.

REPEAL OF ALL U. S. ELEC

TION LAWS.

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The act of February 8, 1894, "An act to repeal all statutes relating to supervisors of elections and special deputy marshals, and for other purposes, provides that the following sections and parts of sections of the Revised Statutes of the United States be, and the same are hereby, repealed; that is to say of title "Elective Franchise," sections 2,002 and 2,005 to 2,020 inclusive, relating to the appointment. qualification, power, duties and compensation of supervisors of election; and also sections 2,021 to 2,031 inclusive, of the same title, relating to the appointment, qualification, power, duties and compensation of special deputies; and also of title "Crimes," sections 5,506, 5,511, 5,512, 5,513, 5,514, 5,515, 5,520, 5,521, 5,522, 5,523, but the repeal of the sections herein before mentioned shall not operate so as to affect any prosecutions now pending, if any, for a violation of any of the provisions of said sections; and also part of section 643, as follows: "Or is commenced against any officer of the United States or other person on account of any act done under the provisions of title twenty-six, The Elective Franchise, or on account of any right,

title or authority claimed by any officer or other person under any of said provisions."

All other statutes and parts of statutes relating to supervisors of election and special deputy marshals, were repealed by this act, which went into effect immediately.

In the House, the vote on passage was: Yeas, 201 (Democrats 194, Populists 7); nays, 102 (all Republicans). In the Senate, the bill passed-Yeas, 39 (Democrats 36, Populists 3); nays, 28 (all Republicans).

ELECTRIC MEASURE.

The act of July 12, 1894, establishes the legal units of electrical measure in the United States as follows:

1. The unit of resistance shall be what is known as the international ohm, which one is substantially equal to thousand million units of resistance of the centimeter-gram-second system of electromagnetic units, and is represented by the resistance offered to an unvarying electric current by a column of mercury at the temperature of melting ice fourteen and four thousand five hundred and twenty-one ten-thousandths grams in mass, of a constant cross-sectional area, and of the length of one hundred and six and three-tenths centimeters.

2. The unit of current shall be what is known as the international ampere, which is one-tenth of a unit of current of the centimeter-gram-second of system electro-magnetic units, and is the practical equivalent of the unvarying current, which, when passed through a solution of nitrate of silver in water in accordance with standard specifications, deposits silver at the rate of one thousand one hundred and eighteen millionths of a gram per second.

3. The unit of electro-motive force shall be what is known as the international volt, which is the electro-motive force that, steadily applied to a conductor whose resistance is one international ohm, will produce a current of an international ampere, and is practically equivalent to one thousand fourteen hundred and thirtyfourths of the electro-motive force between the poles or electrodes of the voltaic cell known as Clark's cell, at a temperature of fifteen degrees centigrade, and prepared in the manner described in the standard specifications.

4. The unit of quantity shall be what is known as the international coulomb, which is the quantity of electricity transferred by a current of one international ampere in one second.

5. The unit of capacity shall be what is known as the international farad, which is the capacity of a condenser charged to a potential of one international volt by one international coulcomb of electricity. 6. The unit of work shall be the Joule, which is equal to ten million units of work in the centimeter-gram-second-system, and which is practically equivalent to the energy expended in one second by an international ampere in an international ohm.

7. The unit of power shall be the Watt, which is equal to ten million units of power in the centimeter-gram-second sys

tem, and which is practically equivalent to the work done at the rate of one Joule per second.

8. The unit of induction shall be the Henry, which is the induction in a circuit when the electro-motive force induced in this circuit is one international volt while the inducing current varies at the rate of one ampere per second.

It shall be the duty of the National Academy of Sciences to prescribe and publish, as soon as possible after the passage of this act, such specifications of details as shall be necessary for the practical application of the definitions of the ampere and volt hereinbefore given, and such specifications shall be the standard specifications herein mentioned.

IMMIGRATION.

The Sundry Civil Appropriation act of August 18, 1894, provides that the head money from alien passengers on and after Oct. 1, 1894, collected under the act of August 3, 1882, was made one dollar instead of fifty cents.

INTERNAL REVENUE PROCESS.

It also enacts that hereafter no part of any money appropriated to pay any fees to the United States commissioners, marshals, or clerks shall be used for any warrant issued or arrest made, or other fees in prosecutions under the internal revenue laws, unless said fees have been taxed against and collected from the defendant, or unless the prosecution has been commenced upon a sworn complaint setting forth the facts constituting the offence and alleging them to be within the personal knowledge of the affiant or upon a sworn complaint by a United States district-attorney, collector or deputy collector of internal revenue or revenue agent, setting forth the facts upon information and belief, and approved either before or after such arrest by a circuit or district judge or the attorney of the United States in the district where the offence is alleged to have been committed or the indictment is found: Provided, That it shall be the duty of the marshal, his deputy, or other officer, who may arrest a person charged with any crime or offence, to take the defendant before the nearest circuit court commissioner or the nearest judicial officer having jurisdiction, and the officer or magistrate issuing the warrant shall attach thereto a certified copy of the complaint, and upon the arrest of the accused, the return of the warrant, with a copy of the complaint attached, shall confer jurisdiction upon such officer as fully as if the complaint had originally been made before him, and no mileage shall be allowed any officer violating the provisions hereof.

The act of June 28, 1894, makes the first Monday of September in each year, Labor's holiday, a legal public holiday, the same as Christmas, the 1st of January, the 22d of February, the 30th of May, the 4th of July.

The act of August 1, 1894, directs the Commissioner of Labor to investigate and report upon the conditions attending the employment of women and children; their wages, earnings, sanitary surroundings, and cost of living; the effect of various

employments upon their health and longevity; what measures are taken to protect their physical condition and to protect them from accidents; the rates of wages paid them in comparison with the rates paid men; and the effect, if any, their employment has had upon the wages and employment of men.

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The act of August 13, 1894, enacts that hereafter any person or persons entering into a formal contract with the United States for the construction of any public building, or the prosecution and completion of any public work or for repairs upon any public building or public work, shall be required before commencing such work to execute the usual penal bond, with good and sufficient sureties, with the additional obligations that such contractor or contractors shall promptly make payments to all persons supplying him them labor and materials in the prosecution of the work provided for in such contract; and any person or persons making application therefor, and furnishing affidavit to the department under the direction of which said work is being, or has been prosecuted, that labor or materials for the prosecution of such work has been supplied by him or them, and payment for which has not been made, shall be furnished with a certified copy of said contract and bond, upon which said person or persons supplying such labor and materials shall have a right of action, and shall be authorized to bring suit in the name of the United States for his or their use and benefit against said contractor and sureties, and to prosecute same to final judgment and execution.

The act of August 15, 1894, directs the Commissioner of Labor to investigate and report upon the effect of the use of machinery upon labor and the cost of production, the relative productive power of hand and machine labor, the cost of manual and machine power as they are used in productive industries, the effect upon wages of the use of machinery operated by women and children, and whether changes in the creative cost of products are due to a lack or to a surplus of labor, or to the introduction of power machinery.

LAND.

DES MOINES RIVER LANDS. The Sundry Civil Appropriation act of August 18, 1894, appropriated $200,000 to adjust the claims of settlers on the so-called Des Moines River Lands, through a special commissioner, who shall find the reasonable sum due each claimant under the homestead, pre-emption or other public land laws under the acts of Aug. 8, 1846, and March 2, 1861. SOLDIERS' HOMESTEAD CERTIFICATES.

It also provides that all soldiers' addltional homestead certificates heretofore issued under the rules and regulations of the General Land Office under section 2,306 of the Revised Statutes of the United States, or in pursuance of the decisions or instructions of the Secretary of the Interior, of date March 10, 1977, or any subsequent decisions or instructions of the Secretary of the Interior or the

Commissioner of the General Land Office, shall be, and are hereby, declared to be valid, notwithstanding any attempted sale or transfer thereof; and where such certificates have been or may hereafter be sold or transferred, such sale or transfer shall not be regarded as invalidating the right, but the same shall be good and valid in the hands of bona fide purchasers for value; all entries heretofore or hereafter made with such certificates by such purchasers shall be approved, and patent shall issue in the name of the assignees. RECLAMATION OF DESERT LANDS.

It also provides that to aid the public land States in the reclamation of the desert lands therein, and the settlement, cultivation and sale thereof in small tracts to actual settlers, the Secretary of the Interior, with the approval of the President, be, and hereby is, authorized and empowered, upon proper application of the State to contract and agree, from time to time, with each of the States in which there may be situated desert lands as defined by the act entitled "An act to provide for the sale of desert land in certain States and Territories," approved March 3, 1877, and the act amendatory thereof, approved March 3, 1891, binding the United States to donate, grant and patent to the State free of cost for survey or price such desert lands, not exceeding 1,000,000 acres in each State, as the State may cause to be irrigated, reclaimed, occupied, and not less that 20 acres of each 160-acre tract cultivated by actual settlers, within ten years next after the passage of this act, as thoroughly as is required of citizens who may enter under the said desert land law.

Before the application of any State is allowed or any contract or agreement is executed, or any segregation of any of the land from the public domain is ordered by the Secretary of the Interior, the State shall file a map of the said land proposed to be irrigated which shall exhibit a plan showing the mode of the contemplated irrigation, and which plan shall be sufficient to thoroughly irrigate and reclaim said land and prepare it to raise ordinary agricultural crops, and shall also show the source of the water to be used for irrigation and reclamation. and the Secretary of the Interior may make necessary regulations for the reservation of the lands applied for by the States to date from the date of the filing of the map and plan of irrigation, but such reservation shall be of no force whatever if such map and plan of irrigation shall not be approved. That any State contracting under this section is hereby authorized to make all necessary contracts to cause the said lands to be reclaimed, and to induce their settlement and cultivation in accordance with and subject to the provisions of this section; but the State shall not be authorized to lease any of said lands or to use or dispose of the same in any way whatever, except to secure their reclamation, cultivation and settlement.

As fast as any State may furnish satisfactory proof according to such rules and regulations as may be prescribed by the Secretary of the Interior, that any of said

lands are irrigated, reclaimed and occupied by actual settlers, patents shall be issued to the State or its assigns for said lands so reclaimed and settled: Provided, That said States shall not sell or dispose of more than 160 acres of said lands to any one person, and any surplus of money derived by any State from the sale of said lands in excess of the cost of their reclamation, shall be held as a trust fund for and be applied to the reclamation of other desert lands in such State.

MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS.

The act of December 12, 1893, extends to January 1, 1897, section 3 of the land grant forfeiture act of September 29, 1890.

The act of January 11, 1894, provides that no register or receiver shall receive evidence in, hear or determine any cause pending in any district land office in which he is interested directly or indirectly, or has been of counsel, or where he is related to any of the parties in interest by consanguinity or affinity within the fourth degree, computing by the rules adopted by the common law.

The act of May 30, 1894, makes it lawful for the Commissioner of the General Land Office to cause patents to be issued, as evidence of title, for all valid locations made with land scrip issued pursuant to decrees of the Supreme Court of the United States, which valid locations were made prior to the approval of the aforesaid act in the same manner that patents are now issued under the provisions of section 3 of said act of January 28, 1879.

The act of July 26, 1894, provides that the time for making final proof and payment for all lands located under the homestead and desert land laws of the United States, proof and payment of which has not yet been made, be, and the same is hereby, extended for the period of one year from the time proof and payment would become due under existing laws.

That the time of making final payments on entries under the pre-emption act is hereby extended for one year from the date when the same becomes due in all cases where pre-emption entrymen are unable to make final payments from causes which they cannot control, evidence of such inability to be subject to the regulations of the Secretary of the Interior.

The act of August 4, 1894, validates affdavits made before United States Commissioners in all land entries, if no other objection exists. And another act, of same date, fixes a five years' limit instead of four, for completion of proof in all cases where declarations of intentions to enter desert lands have been filed, and the four years' limit within which final proof may be made had not expired prior to January 1, 1894.

The following act became law, by lapse of time, not having been acted upon by the President within ten days from August 8, 1894:

That section 2,401 of the Revised Statutes is hereby amended so as to read as follows: "When the settlers in any township not mineral or reserved by the Government, or persons and associations lawfully possessed of coal lands and otherwise qualified to make entry thereof, or when the owners or grantees of public

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law thereof, desire a survey made of the same under the authority of the SurveyorGeneral, and shall file an application therefor in writing, and shall deposit in a proper United States depository to the credit of the United States, a sum sufficient to pay for such survey. together with all expenditures incident thereto, without cost or claim for indemnity on the United States, it shall be lawful for the Surveyor-General, under such instructions as may be given him by the Commissioner of the General Land Office, and in accordance with law, to survey such township or such public lands owned by said grantees of the Government, and make return therefor to the general and proper local land office: Provided, That no application shall be granted unless the township so proposed to be surveyed is within the range of the regular progress of the public surveys embraced by existing standard lines or bases for township and subdivisional surveys."

That section 2,403 of the Revised Statutes of the United States as heretofore amended is hereby amended so as to read as follows: "Where settlers or owners or grantees of public lands make deposits in accordance with the provisions of section 2,401, as hereby amended, certificates shall be issued for such deposits which may be used by settlers in part payment for the lands settled upon by them, the survey of which is paid for out of such deposits, or said certificates may be assigned by indorsement and may be received by the Government in payment for public lands of the United States in States where the surveys were made, entered or to be entered under the laws thereof," All laws and parts of laws inconsistent with this act were thus repealed.

PENSIONS.

The Deficiency Appropriation act of December 21, 1893, provided that any pension heretofore or that may hereafter be granted to any applicant therefor under any law of the United States authorizing the granting and payment of pensions, on application made and adjudicated upon. shall be deemed and held by all officers of the United States to be a vested right in the grantee to that extent that paymen thereof shall not be withheld or suspended until, after due notice to the grantee of not less than thirty days, the Commissioner of Pensions, after hearing all the evidence, shall decide to annul, vacate, modify, or set aside the decision upon which such pension was granted. Such notice to grantee must contain a full and true statement of any charges or allegations upon which such decision granting such pension shall be sought to be in any manner disturbed or modified. (In Committee of the Whole, House of Representatives, December 19, 1893, this was

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adopted-ayes 123, nays 46. No yea nay vote was taken in the House, and it was passed in Senate without dissent.)

The Invalid Pension Apportionment act of July 18, 1894, provided that the report of such examining surgeons when filed in the Pension Office shall be open to the examination and inspection of the claimant or his attorney, under such rea

sonable rules and regulations as the Secretary of the Interior may provide.

The act of August 23, 1894, provides that hereafter, in addition to the officers || now authorized to administer oaths in such cases, fourth-class postmasters of the United States are hereby required, empowered and authorized to administer any and all oaths required to be made by pensioners and their witnesses in the execution of their vouchers with like effect and force as officers having a seal; and such postmaster shall affix the stamp of his office to his signature to such vouchers, and he is authorized to charge and receive for each voucher not exceeding 25 cents, to be paid by the pensioner.

REVENUE LEGISLATION.

The act "to reduce taxation, to provide revenue for the Government, and for other purposes"-which became a law by lapse of time, the President not having acted upon it, affirmatively or negatively, within ten days after the 15th of August, 1894, was under consideration from December 19, 1893, when the Committee of Ways and Means reported to the House the bill agreed upon by it, until August 15, 1894, on which day the House closed the controversy between it and the Senate by accepting the Senate's amendments in their entirety, 634 in number. The bill consists of two parts: That imposing customs duties and that imposing Internal Revenue taxation, chief among which are the new Taxes on Income and Successions. That amendment, made in Committee of the Whole. was in concurred in, the House-Yeas, 182 (6 Republicans, 166 Democrats, 10 People's); nays, 48 (3 Republicans, 45 Democrats); not voting, 122. The bill then was passed by the House: Yeas, 204 (194 Democrats, 10 People's); nays, 140 (125 Republicans, 15 Democrats); not voting, 8; paired, 3 Republicans, 3 Democrats.

The action of the Senate was taken between March 20, 1894, when the bill was reported from the Committee on Finance with amendments, and July 2, when it was passed, with 634 amendments. The vote on passage was-Yeas 39 (37 Democrats, 2 People's); nays, 34 (31 Republicans, 1 Democrat, 2 People's); paired, 6 Republicans, 6 Democrats.

A Committee of Conference appointed July 7, consisting of Senators Voorhees, Harris, Vest, Jones of Ark., Sherman, Allison and Aldrich, and Representatives Wilson of W. Va., McMillan, Turner of Ga., Montgomery, Reed, Burrows and Payne were unable to agree. On the 7th of August, and again on the 13th, the Democrats of the House held a caucus to consider the situation, the Senate by repeated votes having indicated an unwillingness to consent to material modification of its amendments. On the 13th the caucus by a vote of 130 to 21 determined to concur in the Senate amendments, and pass four separate bills for the Senate's consideration, to place on the free list sugar, coal, iron ore and barbed wire. On the same day the House voted to recede from its non-concurrence in the Senate's amendments, thus passing the bill-yeas 182 (174 Democrats, 8 Peoples); nays 106 (93 Republicans, 13 Democrats); not viting, 61.

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The four separate bills were passed the same day. The free coal yeas 162, nays 104. The free iron ore bill bill passedpassed-yeas 171, nays 103. The barbed wire bill passed-yeas 191, nays 84. The free coal bill passed-yeas 276, nays 11. The above bills were favorably reported by the Committee on Finance, but were not taken up for action before final adjournment. The debated Tables of Schedules Rates can be found in "The Tribune Exof tra" on this subject, issued in September, 1894.

STATE TAXATION OF NATIONAL

BANK NOTES AND U. S. TREASURY
NOTES, AND GOLD, SILVER OR
OTHER COIN.

The act of August 13, 1894, provides that circulating notes of National banking associations and United States legaltender notes and other notes and certificates of the United States payable on demand and circulating or intended to circulate as currency and gold, silver other coin, shall be subject to taxation as money on hand or on deposit under the laws of any State or Territory, and in the same manner and at the same rate as other money or currency circulating as money within its jurisdiction.

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In the House the vote was-yeas 173 (Republicans, 34, Democrats, 133, People's 6); nays 41. (Republicans 29, Democrats 12.) In the Senate there was no division. TERRITORIES.

one

The act of August 8, 1894, provides that all railroad companies operating railroads through the Territories over a right of way obtained under any grant or act of Congress giving right of way public lands, shall be required to estabover the lish and maintain and freight depots at passenger stations or within fourth of a mile of the boundary limits of all town sites already established on the line of said railroads by the Interior Department; and upon failure of said companies to establish such stations and depots, they shall be liable to a fine of $500 for each day after Nov. 8. until said stations and depots shall be established. UTAH, ADMISSION OF. AS A STATE.

The act of July 16, 1894, requires the Governor of said Territory to order an election on November 6, 1894, of delegates to a constitutional convention. citizens of the United States over twentyAll male one years of age, who have resided one year next prior to said election, in said Territory, are authorized to vote for delegates. There shall be 107 delegates, who are apportioned in the act counties. A among the new registration made of the voters in the Territories, to is to be which all possessing stated above are eligible. No other test the qualifications is to be required. The convention shall meet on the first Monday in March, 1895, shall declare on behalf of the people of said proposed State that they adopt the Constitution of the United States. The Constitution shall be republican in form, and make no distinction in civil or political rights on account of race or color, except as to Indians not taxed, and not to be repugnant to the Constitution of

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And

the United States and the principles of
said convention shall provide, by ordi-
the Declaration of Independence.
nance irrevocable without the consent of
the United States and the people of said
State:

1. That perfect toleration of religious sentiment shall be secured, and that no inhabitant of said State shall ever be molested in person or property on account of his or her mode of religious worship: Provided, That polygamous or plural marriages are forever prohibited.

2. That the people inhabiting said proposed State do agree and declare that they forever disclaim all right and title to the unappropriated public lands lying within the boundaries thereof; and to all lands lying within said limits owned or held by any Indian or Indian tribes; the same shall be and remain ject to the disposition of the States, and said Indian lands under the absolute jurisdiction of the

remain

and control
United States;

subUnited shall

Congress of the

belong

that the lands

to citiens of the United States residing
without the said State shall
taxed at a higher rate than the lands
never be
belonging to residents thereof.

3. That the debts and liabilities of said Territory, under authority of the legislative assembly thereof, shall be assumed and paid by said State.

4. That provision shall be made for the establishment and maintenance of a system of public schools, which open to all the children of said State and shall be free from sectarian control.

submitted

The Constitution shall be for ratification by the voters at the November election in 1895. The return of said election shall be made to the said Utah commission, who shall same to be canvassed, and if a majority cause the of the votes cast on that question shall be for the constitution, shall certify the result to the President of the United States, together with a statement of the ticles or propositions, and a copy of said votes cast thereon, and upon separate arconstitution, articles, propositions and ordinances. And if the constitution and government of said proposed State republican in form. and if the provisions of this act all complied with in the formation thereof, have been it shall be the duty of the President of the United States to issue his proclamation announcing the result of said election, and thereupon the proposed State of Utah shall be deemed admitted by Congress into the Union, under and by virtue of this act, on an equal footing with the original States, from and after the date of said proclamation.

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(In the House, December 13, 1893. the proviso prohibiting "polygamous or plural marriages" was inserted in the first paragraph of conditions, after a short struggle, in which the votes were taken by division)

BILL FOR THE COINAGE OF THE
SEIGNIORAGE.

In the second (first regular) session of
the LIId Congress, on March 1.
this bill was introduced:
1894.

"Be it enacted, etc., That the Secretary

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